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Assessment of Pollen Allergenicity Index Under Climate Change in the Seoul Children's Grand Park: Present, and Future

기후변화에 따른 도시 녹지 꽃가루 알레르기 지수 변화 분석 - 서울어린이대공원을 대상으로 -

  • Yerin Hwang (Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, University of Seoul) ;
  • Sukyoung Kim (Department of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, University of Seoul) ;
  • Jaeyeon Choi (Center for Environmental Planning, Institute of Urban Science, University of Seoul) ;
  • Chan Park (Department of Landscape Architecture, College of Urban Sciences, University of Seoul)
  • 황예린 (서울시립대학교 대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 김수경 (서울시립대학교 대학원 조경학과) ;
  • 최재연 (서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 환경연구센터) ;
  • 박찬 (서울시립대학교 도시과학대학 조경학과)
  • Received : 2024.03.18
  • Accepted : 2024.06.17
  • Published : 2024.06.30

Abstract

A worldwide effort is underway to utilize urban parks as a means ofresponding to climate change, providing various benefits to citizens. However, it also has several negative effects, such as an increase in pollen allergies. These negative impacts have been defined as ecosystem disservices and discussed globally, although the discussion remains insufficient domestically. In particular, pollen allergies have been discussed as a typical ecosystem disservice, with negative impacts such as an increase in symptoms attributed to higher pollen production or the growth of trees with higher antigenicity. The WHO reports that approximately 30% of the world's population suffers from pollen allergies. Many recent studies indicate that the harm induced by pollen allergies is expected to increase due to changes in the climate and thermal environment. In this context, we aim to diagnose the allergenicity of current urban parks and assess changes according to climate change scenarios. To achieve this goal, we assess pollen allergenicity in Seoul Children's Grand Park using the Urban Green Space Allergenicity Index (IUGZA) as the first step towards discussing ecosystem disservices. We found that the IUGZA value in the target area exceeds the threshold suggested in previous research, causing harm due to pollen allergies and is expected to increase according to climate change scenarios. We conclude that this result indicates that social harm from pollen allergies in urban parks may increase due to climate change. Therefore, we emphasize the necessity of discussing ecosystem disservices in the composition of urban parks.

도시 녹지는 시민들에게 다양한 긍정적인 효과를 주지만, 생태계디스서비스(Ecosystem Disservice)를 발생시킬 수 있다. 생태계디스서비스는 국제적으로 논의되고 있지만 국내에서는 아직 논의가 미흡하다. 특히, 꽃가루 알레르기는 대표적인 생태계디스서비스로 논의되고 있다. 최근 연구에서는 기후변화에 따라 꽃가루의 부정적인 피해가 증가할 것으로 예측되고 있다. 이런 맥락에서 본 연구는 생태계디스서비스에 대해 논의하는 첫 단계로서 현재 도시 녹지의 꽃가루 알레르기 유발성을 진단하고 기후변화 시나리오상에서 꽃가루 알레르기 유발성의 변화를 확인하고자 한다. 이를 위해, 꽃가루 알레르기 유발성 평가를 위해 개발된 IUGZA (Urban Green Zone Allergenicity Index)를 사용하여 서울어린이대공원을 대상으로 꽃가루 알레르기 유발성을 평가하였다. 현재 서울어린이대공원의 IUGZA는 선행연구에서 제시된 임계값보다 높아 알레르기로 인한 피해가 발생할 수 있는 수준으로 확인되었다. 또한, 기후변화 시나리오에 따라 꽃가루 알레르기 유발성은 점차 높아지는 것으로 확인되었다. 현재와 기후변화가 가장 심한 시나리오를 비교한 결과 현재에는 알레르기 피해 유발 정도가 낮은 수종이 기후변화가 심해지면 높아질 가능성을 확인하였다. 따라서 본연구에서 도출된 결과는 기후변화에 따라 꽃가루로 인한 사회적 피해가 증가할 수 있음을 시사하며 향후 식재 선정 및 관리에 고려가 필요할 만한 수종을 제시하였다는 것에 의의가 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 결과물은 환경부의 재원으로 한국환경산업기술원의 신기후체제대응 환경기술개발사업의 지원을 받아 연구되었습니다(RS-2023-00221110).

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