• 전기학회논문지
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.211-216
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• 2014

Construction of power plants and T&D facilities is so difficult because of the civil complaints and the additional cost according to the concerning field conditions. Therefore, various researches and methods have been considered to get solutions in the demand side and energy storage systems have been in the spotlight because of the various functions such as peak shaving, load shifting, and power system stabilizing, and so on. Residential small size batteries are considered in this paper and the economic analysis is carried out to evaluate the reasonable subsidy levels for the deployment of energy storage systems. Various economic parties are considered to find reasonable subsidy level comparing each other, which parties consist of utilities, participants and non-participants in general. The evaluation is based on California Standard Practice Test and the results are able to be used as subsidy guidelines.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제50권10호
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• pp.480-488
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• 2001

This paper presents a technique that can obtain an optimal solution for the Security-Constrained Economic Dispatch (SCED) problems using the Interior Point Method (IPM) while taking into account of the power flow constraints. The SCED equations are formulated by using only the real power flow equations from the optimal power flow. Then an algorithm is presented that can linearize the SCED equations based on the relationships among generation real power outputs, loads, and transmission losses to obtain the optimal solutions by applying the linear programming (LP) technique. The objective function of the proposed linearization algorithm are formulated based on the fuel cost functions of the power plants. The power balance equations utilize the Incremental Transmission Loss Factor (ITLF) corresponding to the incremental generation outputs and the line constraints equations are linearized based on the Generalized Generation Distribution Factor (GGDF). Finally, the application of the Primal Interior Point Method (PIPM) for solving the optimization problem based on the proposed linearized objective function is presented. The results are compared with the Simplex Method and the promising results ard obtained.

• 에너지공학
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.203-214
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• 2010

본 논문은 한국의 원자력발전소 가동에 따른 온실가스 저감 기여도와 국민경제적 효과를 평가하였다. 한국의 2009년 원자력 발전량과 국가에너지기본계획에 의거한 추정 발전량에 온실가스 배출계수를 적용한 결과, 원자력발전이 온실가스 배출량의 저감과 전기요금의 인상억제, 화석연료의 수입대체 등에 긍정적으로 기여하고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 향후 국가에너지의 안정적 경제적 조달과 기후변화에 대응하기 위하여 원자력발전의 비중이 확대될 필요가 있는 것으로 보인다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.1336-1342
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• 2022

Risk-informed safety classification of structures, systems and components (SSCs) is very important for ensuring the safety and economic efficiency of nuclear power plants (NPPs). However, previous methods for safety classification of SSCs do not take the plant operating modes or the operational process of SSCs into consideration, thus cannot concentrate on the safety and economic efficiency accurately. In this contribution, a new method for safety classification of SSCs based on the categorization of plant operating modes is proposed, which considers the NPPs operating history to improve the economic efficiencies while maintaining the safety. According to the time duration of plant configurations in plant operating modes, average importances of SSCs are accessed for an NPP considering the operational process, and then safety classification of SSCs is performed for plant operating modes. The correctness and effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by application in an NPP's safety classification of SSCs.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2022

To mitigate the environmental impacts of the energy sector, the government of South Korea has made a continuous effort to facilitate the development and commercialization of renewable energy. As a result, the efficiency of renewable energy plants is not a consideration in the potential site selection process. To contribute to the overall sustainability of this increasingly important sector, this study utilizes the Black-Scholes model to evaluate the economic value of potential sites for off-site wind farms, while analyzing the environmental mitigation of these potential sites in terms of carbon emission reduction. In order to incorporate the importance of flexibility and uncertainty factors in the evaluation process, this study has developed a site evaluation model focused on system dynamics and real option approaches that compares the expected revenue and expected cost during the life cycle of off-site wind farm sites. Using sensitivity analysis, this study further investigates two uncertainty factors (namely, investment cost and wind energy production) on the economic value and carbon emission reduction of potential wind farm locations.

• 에너지공학
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.171-178
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• 1993

The CANDU nuclear-electric generating system, developed in Canada beginning in about 1950, has reached full maturity with 22 units operating in other countries, and 13 units under construction, as shown in Table 1. Production and economic performance of modern CANDU units is competitive with other nuclear generating stations in the world. The safety record of these plants is excellent; their level of safety protection against severe accidents is at least equal to that of other commercial designs.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 1997년도 International Symposium on Fire Science and Technology
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• pp.244-251
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• 1997

Since 1970s, The Petrochemical Industry in Korea has grown rapidly by the successful economic growth. While the process became larger and more complex, hazardous chemicals have been used in large quantity, Therefore, the risk of a major accident such as fire, explosion and toxic material release has been increased. Korea has been ranked the fifth in petrochemical product capacity worldwide, also required to meet international standards on process safety management. Fire Protection System integral part of safely management in Petrochemical Plants, will be reviewed.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.60-78
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• 2010

313분류군이며, 목본식물은 25과 51속 70종 9변종 7품종 86분류군(27.5%)이고, 초본식물은 43과 140속 194종 32변종 1품종 227분류군(72.5%)이 조사되었다. 초본식물 227분류군 중 일년생 초본은 42분류군(18.5%), 이년생 초본은 24분류군(10.6%), 다년생 161분류군(70.9%)가 분포한다. 2. 조사지역에 분포하고 있는 범위로 3A가 37분류군, 3B가 16분류군, 2A가 70분류군, 2B가 96분류군, 1A가 9분류군, 1B가 85분류군으로 분포하고 있다. 3. 자원식물은 293분류군이다. 유용성에 따라 식용자원 156분류군(49.8%), 약용자원 223분류군(71.2%), 관상자원 141분류군(45.1%), 초지자원 69분류군(22%), 공업원료자원 12분류군(3.8%), 목재자원 8분류군(2.6%)으로 나타났다. 4. 특산식물로는 10과 10속 9종 2변종 1품종 12분류군 (3.8%)이다. 5. 환경부의 멸종위기야생식물 II급, 산림청 국립수목원의 멸종위기종으로 지정된 미선나무와 산림청 국립수목원의 위기종인 붓꽃과의 솔붓꽃이 조사되었다. 6. 식물구계학적인 특정식물종 V등급의 1종, IV등급의 1종, III등급의 5분류군, II등급의 3분류군, I등급의 9종으로 모두 19분류군이 분포하고 있다. 7. 귀화식물은 10과 20속 23종 1변종으로 24분류군이 확인되었다. 이 중 환경부의 자연환경 보전법에 의한 생태계 교란외래식물은 돼지풀과 서양등골나물 2분류군이 있다. 귀화율은 7.7%, 도시화지수는 8.4%로 분석되었다. 8. 귀화식물의 귀화도 5등급의 13분류군, 4등급의 1종, 3등급의 8분류군, 2등급의 1종, 1등급의 1종이 있다. 이입 시기로는 제1기 귀화식물 12분류군, 제 2기 귀화식물 3분류군, 제 3기 귀화식물 9분류군이 있다. 9. 원산지별 귀화식물로는 중국 1종이 있고, 유라시아 4분류군, 유럽 10종, 중북미 9분류군이 도입되었다. 생활형을 구분하여 일년생 초본은 7분류군, 이년생 초본은 5분류군, 다년생 초본은 10분류군이 있으며 목본으로는 2분류군이 있다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 1998

This study was carried out to estimate the economic impacts on operation cost and curtail the bulking agent between two kinds of plants in swine farms. Bulking agents and Plants have a variety of roles in the fields of the composting for livestock manure and also represent an economic problem in terms of plant operation costs and compost production. Two farms which have rotary(size of reactor : 10${\times}$35${\times}$1.5m) or bucket(size of reactor : 10${\times}$68${\times}$2m) plants were used for 24 weeks for bucket conveyor system, which are composed of refilling rice hull as a bulking agent every 3 weeks till decreasing volume, for 4 weeks for rotary conveyor system, which has continuous compost production system without refilling rice hull, respectively. Composts was produced in 24 weeks in the bucket conveyor system, in 4 weeks in the rotary conveyor system, respectively. The results are as follows : 1. The tissue change of Rice hull at the composts of 45 days pursuant to composting steps was more crumbling in bucket conveyor system than in rotary conveyor system. 2. Microbial counts of the final composts for safety and quality showed that total bacteria counts was 1.01${\times}$108 cfu/g in bucket conveyor system, 2.82${\times}$108 cfu/g in rotary conveyor system, Salmonella was 0.3${\times}$102 cfu/g in bucket conveyor system, 7.6${\times}$102 cfu/g in rotary conveyor system, colifom bacteria was 0.5${\times}$106 cfu/g in bucket conveyor system, 1.5${\times}$106cfu/g in rotary conveyor system, fungi 1.24${\times}$106 cfu/g in bucket conveyor system, 0.01${\times}$106 cfu/g in rotary conveyor system, respectively. However, Any system used in this trial could not be met the regulation of A grade compost of EPA and USA. 3. C:N ratio according to the composting was more rapidly changed in bucket conveyor system with 64.5 of 5 days compost to 25.4 of final products than in rotary conveyor system with 26.7 of 5 days compost to 25.9 of final products. 4. Based on the mechanical characteristics of plants used in trial and compared with Rotary conveyor system, the Bucket conveyor system in which has 0.72 ㎥/㎥ of bulking agent capacity per slurry could be curtailed 1.78 ㎥of rice hull for disposal of waste, 1㎥. It was proper facilities to produce composts quantitative in Rotary conveyor system, and to treat waste quantitative and obtain good results in compost quality in Bucket conveyor system.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2012

담수직파재배에서 사마귀풀과 자귀풀 경합밀도에 따른 벼 수량감소 정도를 예측하고 제초제 사용여부 결정을 위한 경제적 방제수준을 설정하여 저투입, 친환경적인 정밀 잡초관리 체계를 확립하고자 시험을 수행하여 얻어진 결과는 다음과 같다. 쌀수량 감소정도는 사마귀풀의 경우 경합밀도가 $m^2$당 8본일 때 8%, 96본일 때 45% 이었고 자귀풀의 경우 $m^2$당 8본일 때 20%, 96본일 때 77% 이었다. 벼와 잡초의 경합에 따른 쌀수량 예측모델은 사마귀풀의 경우 Y=553.2 kg/(1+0.00913X) $R^2$=0.912 이었고 자귀풀의 경우 Y=567.9 kg/(1+0.04434X) $R^2$=0.961 이었다. 초종별 경제적 방제수준은 사마귀풀의 경우 $m^2$당 3.0본 이었고, 자귀풀의 경우 $m^2$당 0.6본 이었다.