• 약학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.101-110
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• 2008

Total Knee Replacement (TKR) surgery is one of the invasive procedures for patients with late-stage knee joint disorders. In the present study, economic efficiency was compared between uses of the 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins for the prophylaxis before and after the surgery using frequency analysis in terms of various factors such as medication costs, the number of days of antibiotic use and hospitalization due to TKR surgery. The results showed that the 3rd generation cephalosporins did not reduce the infection rate and total medication costs, but rather raised antibiotic cost in comparison with the 2nd ones. A frequent use of the 3rd ones is closely related to emergence of resistant bacterial strains. Therefore, we suggest that unnecessary prescriptions for the broad spectrum antibiotics should be avoided.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권8호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2022

For each country, the growth of the country is significantly associated with the growth of the manufacturing industry. Especially in the early stages of development, the manufacturing industry has greatly played a great role in creating great added value for society and economic development in that country. Starting from a country with a weak manufacturing background, Vietnam is gradually opening up and integrating into the global economy, which has brought many opportunities for manufacturing enterprises in particular and the enterprise community in general, making Vietnam one of the countries with large production activities in Southeast Asia and Asia. The study evaluates the factors affecting the financial performance of manufacturing enterprises through a case study in Hanoi, Vietnam. Using a survey sample of 235 enterprises operating in production and using quantitative analysis methods, the research results show that: Enterprises with high governance quality are enterprises with high economic efficiency or enterprises with low management capacity have low business efficiency. Moreover, large-scale enterprises often have many advantages in seeking profits and improving business efficiency. Finally, the study has some recommendations to improve corporate governance and growth, create a stronger business community and contribute more to Vietnam's economic development.

• 청정기술
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2023

This study shows the summary of the economic performance of excess electricity conversion to hydrogen as well as methane and returned conversion to electricity using a fuel cell. The methane production process has been examined in a previous study. Here, this study focuses on the conversion of methane to electricity. As a part of this study, capital expenditure (CAPEX) is estimated under various sized plants (0.3, 3, 9, and 30 MW). The study shows a method for economic optimization of electricity generation using a fuel cell. The CAPEX and operating expenditure (OPEX) as well as the feed cost are used to calculate the discounted cash flow. Then the levelized cost of returned electricity (LCORE) is estimated from the discounted cash flow. This study found the LCORE value was ¢10.2/kWh electricity when a 9 MW electricity generating fuel cell was used. A methane production plant size of 1,500 Nm³/hr, a methane production cost of $11.47/mcf, a storage cost of $1/mcf, and a fuel cell efficiency of 54% were used as a baseline. A sensitivity analysis was performed by varying the storage cost, fuel cell efficiency, and excess electricity cost by ±20%, and fuel cell efficiency was found as the most dominating parameter in terms of the LCORE sensitivity. Therefore, for the best cost-performance, fuel cell manufacturing and efficiency need to be carefully evaluated. This study provides a general guideline for cost performance comparison with LCORE.

• 한국도로학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국도로학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.343-351
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• 2006

• 대한자원환경지질학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자원환경지질학회 1999년도 춘계 공동학술발표회
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• pp.279-281
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• 1999

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2021

21 세기 해양 실크로드 (MSR)는 일대일로 이니셔티브 (BRI)의 핵심적인 부분이다. 아시아, 유럽, 아프리카 등 수십 개 국가의 경제 및 무역 통로이자 중요한 연결 노드인 항만과 항만 운영의 효율성은 BRI의 전략 실행에 직접적인 영향을 미친다. 본 논문에서는 BRI 및 관련 항만 효율 평가 방법을 결합한 DEA-BCC 모델을 사용하여 항만 생산 선석 수와 생산 선석 길이를 입력 지표 컨테이너 처리량으로, 화물 처리량을 출력 지표로 선택하여 14 개 항만의 항만 효율성을 분석하였다. 결과는 다음으로 요약된다 : (1) MSR을 따라 항만의 전반적인 효율성 수준이 낮게 나타난다. 대부분의 항만은 DEA 효율성에 도달하지 못하였고 투자규모 및 기술 개선에 있어 상이한 문제를 보여준다. 하지만 이러한 상황은 중국의 해양 협력 전략의 실행과 함께 해마다 개선되고 있다. (2) MSR 항만의 낮은 운영 효율성은 주로 규모 효율성과 기술 효율성 간의 조정 부족 때문으로 볼 수 있다. 이는 항만 자체에 대한 투자규모가 불충분하고 배후지와 항만 간의 유기적인 연계가 취약하기 때문이다. (3) 항만이 종합적인 경쟁력 확보 여부는 화물 처리량이나 규모에 전적으로 의존하지 않고 항만 운영 효율성도 포함되어 역할을 하는 것으로 파악된다

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.25-59
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• 2010

The Korean government has operated various mega-development projects in order to help nation progress into the future. However, many problems and concerns have been raised on the mega-projects' delay and failure in South Korea. Moreover, there are many technical and executive problems; such as trial and error of development work, failure of validity test, complicated decision-making processes, and so on. With these concerns and problems to mega-development projects, finding a sustainable development from mega-projects is becoming a new issue in the field of mega-development projects. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to investigate whether or not most mega-development projects conducted by the government exactly corresponds with sustainable development (such as environmental soundness, economic efficiency and social equity) focusing on Saemangeum project. Using causal loop analysis, this study gives some significant results to us. First, for environmental soundness, both central and local government should ensure water-purity control system for farming, industry, leisure, and others. Second, for economic efficiency, both governments not only have to secure a budget for completion of infrastructure of the Saemangeum project but also support financial assistance to Saemangeum project. Third, for social equity, three local governments (i.e., Gunsan, Gimje, and Buan) should stop debate and conflict with regard to an administrative district of Saemangeum region. Finally, most politicians should not use Saemangeum project for political means. Rather, they should recognize the project as a motive power for economic development of Jeollabukdo.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.37-67
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• 2024

This paper analyses carbon emissions and value-added embodied in trade between two large developed countries, South Korea and the United States, during 2000-2014. Using multi-regional input-output (MRIO) tables, our analysis reveals that carbon emissions and value-added embodied in exports grew by 19% and 101% for South Korea but shrank by 43% and 7% for the United States. As a result, South Korea experienced a 40% increase in net carbon exports and 243% increase in net value-added exports. At the industry level, the primary drivers of changes in carbon exports were electricity and basic materials. The majority of industries in witnessed improvements in carbon intensities suggesting improved environmental efficiency. While both countries achieved a decoupling of carbon emissions from value-added exports, substantial year-to-year and sectoral variations were observed. Finally, structural decomposition analysis indicates that domestic supply-side factors played a role in decreasing emissions whereas foreign demand-side factors contributed to emissions increases. In line with the main findings, various implications for policy and future research are discussed.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.171-188
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• 2015

물류시스템은 점점 더 중국의 경제성장을 위한 중요한 원동력 중 하나로 인정받고 있습니다. 물류효과의 폭이 넓어의 범위와 중국의 물류인프라, 물류산업의 발전과 함께 급속한 발전을 이루었습니다. 이 논문은 중국에서 2003년부터 2012년까지 기간 동안 31 지방을 포함하는 데이터 집합을 사용하여, 물류 발전과 경제 성장 사이의 관계를 조사합니다. 요인분석은 국가경제성장의 물류의 발전에 미치는 영향을 정의물류함수의 전체평가를 얻기 위해 적용됩니다. 고정효과패널 데이터의 접근방식에 따르면, 중국의 경제성장에 물류발전의 중요하고 긍정적인 영향은 그사이에, 해안지방과 내장 지방 사이 의 경제발전에 대한비교분석 도 실시, 발견된다. 결과는 경제성장에 물류발전의 영향은 서부지역에 비해 동부지역에서 높은 것이 좋습니다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권11호
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• pp.1655-1665
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• 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three feeding systems, i.e., indoor feeding (CON), indoor feeding with 4-h daily access to grazing artificial pasture (ITGP), and indoor feeding with 8-h daily access to grazing artificial pasture (IEGP), on the plasma antioxidant and immunological capacity, slaughter characteristics, meat quality and economic efficiency of Huang-huai lambs. Methods: Thirty-three healthy Huang-huai rams with similar body weight (approximately 5 mo of age, 28.96±1.01 kg) were assigned equally to three experimental groups. When finished fattening, six lambs from each group were collect blood samples for plasma analyses and then slaughtered to determine slaughter characteristics and obtain biceps brachii muscle for further analysis of meat quality and fatty acid profile. Results: Compared to CON group, animals submitted to ITGP and IEGP groups resulted in greater contents of serum glutathione peroxidase, immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-6 PUFA, and PUFA/saturated fatty acid (FA) ratio and lower palmitic /oleic acid ratio (p<0.05). Moreover, animals in ITGP group exhibited a higher (p<0.05) loin eye area, content of meat crude protein (CP), and eicosetrienoic acid compared to CON group, while slaughter performance was superior (p<0.05) to that of the IEGP group. The economic efficiency of ITGP group was 70.12% higher than that of CON group, while the IEGP group exhibited a decrease of 92.54% in economic efficiency compared to the CON group. Conclusion: Restricted grazing time combined with indoor feeding was more effective in conferring superior body health, carcass traits and economic efficiency in Huang-huai lambs, as well as higher CP content and healthier FA composition in the resulting meat.