• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.101-110
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• 2008

Total Knee Replacement (TKR) surgery is one of the invasive procedures for patients with late-stage knee joint disorders. In the present study, economic efficiency was compared between uses of the 2nd and 3rd generation cephalosporins for the prophylaxis before and after the surgery using frequency analysis in terms of various factors such as medication costs, the number of days of antibiotic use and hospitalization due to TKR surgery. The results showed that the 3rd generation cephalosporins did not reduce the infection rate and total medication costs, but rather raised antibiotic cost in comparison with the 2nd ones. A frequent use of the 3rd ones is closely related to emergence of resistant bacterial strains. Therefore, we suggest that unnecessary prescriptions for the broad spectrum antibiotics should be avoided.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.81-88
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• 2022

For each country, the growth of the country is significantly associated with the growth of the manufacturing industry. Especially in the early stages of development, the manufacturing industry has greatly played a great role in creating great added value for society and economic development in that country. Starting from a country with a weak manufacturing background, Vietnam is gradually opening up and integrating into the global economy, which has brought many opportunities for manufacturing enterprises in particular and the enterprise community in general, making Vietnam one of the countries with large production activities in Southeast Asia and Asia. The study evaluates the factors affecting the financial performance of manufacturing enterprises through a case study in Hanoi, Vietnam. Using a survey sample of 235 enterprises operating in production and using quantitative analysis methods, the research results show that: Enterprises with high governance quality are enterprises with high economic efficiency or enterprises with low management capacity have low business efficiency. Moreover, large-scale enterprises often have many advantages in seeking profits and improving business efficiency. Finally, the study has some recommendations to improve corporate governance and growth, create a stronger business community and contribute more to Vietnam's economic development.

• Clean Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 2023

This study shows the summary of the economic performance of excess electricity conversion to hydrogen as well as methane and returned conversion to electricity using a fuel cell. The methane production process has been examined in a previous study. Here, this study focuses on the conversion of methane to electricity. As a part of this study, capital expenditure (CAPEX) is estimated under various sized plants (0.3, 3, 9, and 30 MW). The study shows a method for economic optimization of electricity generation using a fuel cell. The CAPEX and operating expenditure (OPEX) as well as the feed cost are used to calculate the discounted cash flow. Then the levelized cost of returned electricity (LCORE) is estimated from the discounted cash flow. This study found the LCORE value was ¢10.2/kWh electricity when a 9 MW electricity generating fuel cell was used. A methane production plant size of 1,500 Nm³/hr, a methane production cost of $11.47/mcf, a storage cost of $1/mcf, and a fuel cell efficiency of 54% were used as a baseline. A sensitivity analysis was performed by varying the storage cost, fuel cell efficiency, and excess electricity cost by ±20%, and fuel cell efficiency was found as the most dominating parameter in terms of the LCORE sensitivity. Therefore, for the best cost-performance, fuel cell manufacturing and efficiency need to be carefully evaluated. This study provides a general guideline for cost performance comparison with LCORE.

• 한국도로학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.343-351
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• 2006

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 1999.04a
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• pp.279-281
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• 1999

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.19-30
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• 2021

The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (MSR) is an important part of Belt and Road Initiative(BRI). As an economic and trade corridor for dozens of countries in Asia, Europe and Africa, and the port as an important link node, the efficiency of port operation directly affects the implementation of BRI's strategy. On the basis of combining BRI and related evaluation methods of port efficiency, this paper uses DEA-BCC model to select port production berth number and production berth length as input index container throughput and cargo throughput as output index to analyze the port efficiency of 14 ports in China. The results show that: (1) The overall efficiency level of the ports along the MSR is relatively low. Most of the ports have not reached the DEA efficiency and there are different degrees of problems in scale investment and technological improvement. However, this situation is accompanied by the implementation of China's maritime cooperation strategy and becoming better year by year. (2) The low operating efficiency of ports along China's MSR is mainly due to the lack of coordination between scale efficiency and technical efficiency, which is caused by insufficient scale investment in the port itself, weak economic linkage between the hinterland and the port, (3) Whether a port has a strong comprehensive strength does not entirely depend on the cargo throughput or scale but also includes the port's operating efficiency.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.25-59
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• 2010

The Korean government has operated various mega-development projects in order to help nation progress into the future. However, many problems and concerns have been raised on the mega-projects' delay and failure in South Korea. Moreover, there are many technical and executive problems; such as trial and error of development work, failure of validity test, complicated decision-making processes, and so on. With these concerns and problems to mega-development projects, finding a sustainable development from mega-projects is becoming a new issue in the field of mega-development projects. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to investigate whether or not most mega-development projects conducted by the government exactly corresponds with sustainable development (such as environmental soundness, economic efficiency and social equity) focusing on Saemangeum project. Using causal loop analysis, this study gives some significant results to us. First, for environmental soundness, both central and local government should ensure water-purity control system for farming, industry, leisure, and others. Second, for economic efficiency, both governments not only have to secure a budget for completion of infrastructure of the Saemangeum project but also support financial assistance to Saemangeum project. Third, for social equity, three local governments (i.e., Gunsan, Gimje, and Buan) should stop debate and conflict with regard to an administrative district of Saemangeum region. Finally, most politicians should not use Saemangeum project for political means. Rather, they should recognize the project as a motive power for economic development of Jeollabukdo.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.37-67
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• 2024

This paper analyses carbon emissions and value-added embodied in trade between two large developed countries, South Korea and the United States, during 2000-2014. Using multi-regional input-output (MRIO) tables, our analysis reveals that carbon emissions and value-added embodied in exports grew by 19% and 101% for South Korea but shrank by 43% and 7% for the United States. As a result, South Korea experienced a 40% increase in net carbon exports and 243% increase in net value-added exports. At the industry level, the primary drivers of changes in carbon exports were electricity and basic materials. The majority of industries in witnessed improvements in carbon intensities suggesting improved environmental efficiency. While both countries achieved a decoupling of carbon emissions from value-added exports, substantial year-to-year and sectoral variations were observed. Finally, structural decomposition analysis indicates that domestic supply-side factors played a role in decreasing emissions whereas foreign demand-side factors contributed to emissions increases. In line with the main findings, various implications for policy and future research are discussed.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.171-188
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• 2015

Logistics network has been increasingly acknowledged as one of the important driving force for economic development in China. With the scope of logistics effect broadening and the development of logistics infrastructure, both logistics network and economy in terms of GDP in China has experienced rapid development hand in hand. This paper investigates the relationship between logistics network and economic growth, using a dataset covering 31 provinces over the period from 2003 to 2012 in China. Factor analysis is applied to obtain a total evaluation of logistics function defining the impact of logistics network on the national economy growth. According to fixed effect panel data approach, a significant and positive impact of logistics network on economic growth in China is found, meanwhile, a comparative analysis regarding economic development between coastal provinces and interior provinces is also conducted. The results suggest that the impact of logistics network on economic growth is higher in eastern provinces than that in western provinces. The policy implication for other nations, in particular for developing nations, is logistics network should be regarded as an important driving force for economic development, and investment should be made in advance to achieve the best efficiency in economic development and planning.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.11
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• pp.1655-1665
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• 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three feeding systems, i.e., indoor feeding (CON), indoor feeding with 4-h daily access to grazing artificial pasture (ITGP), and indoor feeding with 8-h daily access to grazing artificial pasture (IEGP), on the plasma antioxidant and immunological capacity, slaughter characteristics, meat quality and economic efficiency of Huang-huai lambs. Methods: Thirty-three healthy Huang-huai rams with similar body weight (approximately 5 mo of age, 28.96±1.01 kg) were assigned equally to three experimental groups. When finished fattening, six lambs from each group were collect blood samples for plasma analyses and then slaughtered to determine slaughter characteristics and obtain biceps brachii muscle for further analysis of meat quality and fatty acid profile. Results: Compared to CON group, animals submitted to ITGP and IEGP groups resulted in greater contents of serum glutathione peroxidase, immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-6 PUFA, and PUFA/saturated fatty acid (FA) ratio and lower palmitic /oleic acid ratio (p<0.05). Moreover, animals in ITGP group exhibited a higher (p<0.05) loin eye area, content of meat crude protein (CP), and eicosetrienoic acid compared to CON group, while slaughter performance was superior (p<0.05) to that of the IEGP group. The economic efficiency of ITGP group was 70.12% higher than that of CON group, while the IEGP group exhibited a decrease of 92.54% in economic efficiency compared to the CON group. Conclusion: Restricted grazing time combined with indoor feeding was more effective in conferring superior body health, carcass traits and economic efficiency in Huang-huai lambs, as well as higher CP content and healthier FA composition in the resulting meat.