• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2004

This study aims to presents the applicability of economic measures for renewable energy The basic principle and method of economic analyses were investigated and total life cycle cost considering environmental costs according to $CO_2$ generation. In case study, adaptation of new small wind power system to buildings were proved to produce a profit if it is considered the environmental cost and increment of energy prices. And so the economic measures can be used not only for the investment decisions for economic analysis but also for the comparative analysis of environmental cost and economic profits.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2006

As has been expected, economic factors are a major consideration in almost every decision in building design process. Assuming that improving a lighting system, existing or proposed, will reduce operating cost, what preliminary economic guidelines can be established to determine whether any proposed investment appears cost effective? In such a case a reasonable technique to compare system costs is by life-cycle costing. Stated simply, a life-cycle cost represents the total cost of a system over its entire life cycle, that is, the sum of first cost and all future costs. This paper aims to exemplify the benefit of daylighting in term of economic consideration. Four different electric lighting system designs are proposed and a lighting control system that is continuously operating according to the level of daylight in the space has been adapted. The accumulated performance of electric and daylighting is figured out to declare the effective depth of daylight in the space. The analysis on the saving amount of lighting energy due to daylight has been undertaken in answer to the question, that is, several projects are being considered, which is the most desirable from the cost-effectiveness viewpoint. The result shows clearly that although denser layout of lighting fixtures might be more effective to interface to the level of daylight ceaselessly changeable, its economic benefit may not meet the expected criterion the reason of increased initial investment and maintenance cost for the fixtures and control hardware.

• Computational Structural Engineering : An International Journal
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2001

This study is intended to propose a systematic approach for reliability-based assessment of life cycle cost (LCC) effectiveness and economic efficiency for cost-effective seismic upgrading of existing bridges. The LCC function is expressed as the sum of the upgrading cost and all the discounted life cycle damage costs, which is formulated as a function of the Park-Ang damage index and structural damage probability. The damage costs are expressed in terms of direct damage costs such as repair/replacement costs, human losses and property damage costs, and indirect damage costs such as road user costs and indirect regional economic losses. For dealing with a variety of uncertainties associated with earthquake loads and capacities, a simulation-based reliability approach is used. The SMART-DRAIN-2DX, which is a modified version of the well-known DRAIN-2DX, is extended by incor-porating LCC analysis based on the LCC function developed in the study. Economic efficiencies for optimal seismic upgradings of the continuous PC segmental bridges are assessed using the proposed LCC functions and benefit-cost ratio.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.673-678
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• 2005

IMO adopted ' International Convention for The Control and Management of Ships' Ballast Water and Sediments ' on February 13th 2004. According to this convention, a ballast water treatment system should be installed in all ships obligatorily up to a standard date. When the system is installed, economic propriety should be considered. The economic propriety analysis examines the profit of a relevant project which can be presented by a equation, (Profit) = (income) - (expense) - (tax). However, the ballast water system is not for the profit during the life cycle but for the satisfaction of the regulation. Therefore, the expense should be minimum against the profit. This study presents the LCC(Life-Cycle Cost) analysis for economic evaluation of several ballast water system of foreign products.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.59-75
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• 1971

Orogenic cycle is closely related with sedimentary cycle, and a sedimentary cycle involves the birth, development and disappearance of a sedimentary basin. Paleontological studies have indicated that birth or disappearance of sedimentary basins of separated regions frequently coincided in time. In this paper, the writer presents his assumption on the East Asian analogy of the Hercynian orogenic cycle in accord to the above mentioned generalities. Previous studies, including mine have a corollary that Korea and Southern China, which had been uplifted by the Caledonian movement, changed into low-lying region with subsiding areas in the Givetian time. The writer, thus, thinks that the Hercynian orogenic cycle started in Givetian, and that the Mongolian geosyncline in China, the Gangweon Basin in Korea and the Honshu geosyncline in Japan disappeared in the Ladinian. The writer, therefore, thinks that the Ladinian marks the end of the Hercynian orogenic cycle, but this assumption will have to be rechecked in consideration with the Alpine orogenic cycle. The Late Namurian-Early Bashkirian time, the dividing period between the early and late Hercynian orogenic cycle, is thought to correspond the time of the Hongjeom Series deposition. The writer is also of the view that the Akiyoshi orogenic cycle(T. Kobayashi) corresponds the late Hercynian phase, and that the Abenian movements(M. Minato) corresponds to the range from the late Caledonian phase to the former part of late Hercynian phase.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.199-217
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the household investment planning according to the family life cycle, to improve the household investment planning process, and to develop research model. The results were as follows : Household investment planning varied with stages of the family life cycle because the stock of resources shifted and financial goals changed as the family life cycle stage changed. The main financial goals of family in each stage of the life cycle were the purchasing of house in the establishing stage, children's education and marriage in the extending stage, and the elderly's economic welfare in the diminishing stage. Also, in the Ⅰ & Ⅱ stage the most important investment goals were the purchasing of house, children's education in the Ⅲ stage, children's marriage in the Ⅳ stage, and the elderly's economic welfare in the Ⅴ stage. Therefore, the financial goals were recognized as the important goals underlain the investment-planning goals, and alternatives for the accomplishment of investment-planning goals were determined. The results of this study can contribute to establish the long-run investment planning process and improve the level of household's financial well-being.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.103-128
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• 2013

This paper analyzes the dynamics and nature of regional business cycle synchronization for East Asian countries in the period of 2000:Q1-2011:Q4. Estimating a dynamic two-factor model extracts the common factor and the nation-specific factor from both the macroeconomic aggregates and plausible driving forces of regional business cycles. Evidence for regional business cycle synchronization is particularly strong for Korea, Malaysia and the Philippines, while Japan shows weak evidence of regional synchronization. On the other hand, Indonesia, Thailand, Singapore and China are decoupling from regional business cycles. The driver of monetary aggregate is the most significant determinant of regional fluctuations of macroeconomic aggregates, whereas oil price and productivity are on average important driving forces of nation-specific fluctuations of real economic activities.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2006

The development of a heat exchanger production model based on the microlamination technology and it's economic efficiency is addressed. A microchannel production model is proposed for the high-volume production. The microlamination system is made up of lamina patterning, laminae sorting and laminae bonding. A cost estimation model is developed based on the hewn cycle time and capital equipment costs. An economic efficiency analysis is performed to determine the cost drivers under the different market and product scenarios. The result of the economic efficiency analysis indicated that the device size and the production rate have a great effect on the overall manufacturing cost of microlamination devices. And it can be concluded that the microlamination should focus on bonding larger laminae and reducing both cycle time and warpage.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.125-150
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• 2021

The paper investigates investor sentiment's role in boosting Japanese companies to enhance their environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) performance. Using ESG scores of 367 firms between 2005 and 2019 from the ASSET4 database, we find that negative sentiment in the previous year, both firm and market level, can be a stimulation for the company's commitments to its ESG activities next year. Notably, the moderating effect of the business sector and economic cycle on the sentiment-ESG inference are detected in our study differentiating between corporate and market sentiment, which have never been reported before. In detail, we discover that the impact of firm-specific sentiment is less pronounced for high-sensitive ESG firms. On the other hand, the driving force of market sentiment on corporate social behaviors weakens when economic recessions happen. Our results are robust after controlling for potential endogeneity issues and using alternative proxies for market sentiment.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.592-609
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• 2019

본 논문은 서브프라임 부동산 투자자를 활용해서 레버리지 주기 이론의 지리적 확장을 시도한다. 레버리지 주기 이론은 낙관적 구매자 중심의 거래구성 재편으로 기초요인 변화와 무관한 자산가격 변동을 입증했지만, 금융위기의 지리적 기원을 설명하기 위해서는 저소득층 주거지역이 몰려 있는 불황 주택시장에서 이 이론이 어떻게 작동하는 지를 파악해야 한다. 불황 주택시장에서 서브프라임 부동산 투자자는 저소득층 주거지역에 집중했고, 이에 따라 저소득층 주거지역의 주택거래는 부동산 투자자 중심으로 구성되었다. 새로운 행위주체로서 서브프라임 부동산 투자자의 발굴은 레버리지 주기 이론을 자본투자의 취약지역이었던 불황 주택시장에 적용할 수 있는 토대를 마련한다. 이와 같은 시도는 경제이론의 지리적 재해석으로 경제지리학이 경제현상의 시공간적 맥락을 어떻게 복구할 수 있는지를 예시한다.