• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of environment-friendliness of waterproof materials based on comprehensive experiments on waterproofness in terms of coefficients of permeability, harmfulness of waterproof materials and fish toxicity of Oryzias latipes mortality to verify eco-toxicity of each method of construction and waterproof material, which are to be applied by taking eco-toxicity into account when building ecological flows in upper areas on natural and artificial grounds. As a result, the following conclusions have been reached in this study: 1. In regard of the harmfulness analyzed, each material showed a different result of analytical value in each lab tank. Compared to input water, pH, COD, SS, T-P, and T-N values increased a little, but DO value decreased. The value of turbidity analyzed independent of the water quality standard of aquatic ecosystem set forth by the Ministry of Environment increased a little compared to the value in input water. 2. In the experiment of fish toxicity, compacted quicklime, cement fluid waterproof material, cement mortar waterproof material and bentonite powder were found to have 100% of fish mortality, respectively, and membrane waterproof material showed 83.3% of mortality, indicating strong fish toxicity. Improved asphalt sheet (63.3%) and synthetic rubber sheet (53.3%) were analyzed to have medium fish toxicity, while bentonite sheet (6.7%), Hwang-toh (6.7%) and clay (3.3%) showed relatively lower mortality and fish toxicity. 3. Regarding the analysis on waterproofness in terms of the coefficient of permeability of each waterproof material, improved asphalt sheet, synthetic rubber sheet, membrane waterproof material, cement fluid and mortar waterproof material and bentonite sheet were found impervious in case no leakage takes place in construction. Bentonite powder was found practically impervious based on the analytical results from the experiment done in compliance with weight ratios. So were the clay and Hwang-toh from the experimental results. To sum up such results as found in the experiment mentioned so far, the values of harmfulness and waterproofness analyzed were different in each lab tank, but there was absolutely little correlation with the mortality gained from the experiment on fish toxicity. In the experiment of fish toxicity, environment-friendly waterproof materials were analyzed, and it was found that clay, Hwang-toh and bentonite sheet are highly environment-friendly. In contrast, synthetic rubber and improved asphalt sheets were found to have medium-level environment-friendliness. Also, membrane water-proof materials, compacted quicklime, cement fluid and mortar waterproof material and bentonite powder were analyzed to have low environment-friendliness.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.541-548
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• 2012

The hollow slab has advantages that its self-weight does not greatly increase notwithstanding the increase of its thickness and its flexural performance does not significantly degrade in comparison with general reinforced concrete slab. However, the utilization of the hollow slab is currently being underestimated in spite of structural system that enables economic design of building and construction of eco-friendly structure. the significant reasons for this situation is that the method of structural analysis and design for hollow slab is not generalized. In this study, to consider practical compressive zone of hollow slab, the equation for its flexural strength is proposed by the volume of compressive stress block according to neutral axis location in hollow section assumed. Existing estimation method of flexural strength of hollow slab considering only compressive zone above hollow part is evaluated as the most conservative method and the method estimating flexural strength by two alternative cross-section of hollow slab is evaluated as more practical method.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.113-127
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• 2006

As the local self-government are stabilized and the environmental value is becoming more important among local residents, the occurrence of the anti-movements against waste treatment facilities is getting more frequent. Opposing to build the reuse facilities of wastes takes place because of concerning of health and hygiene, as well as matters of unclear policy making process. However, these facilities must be built in somewhere for the convenience and profit of the public. The NIMBY phenomenon against reuse facilities of wastes could be a burden for the city operation system, and it could worsen citizens' quality of life in the long run. In these lights, reuse and recycling facilities of wastes in East region are necessary facilities improving citizens' quality of life and enhancing the growth of cities in the region. However, there have been concerning of deforestation during the construction process of the facilities. The landscape design presented here for these facilities considers the features of the environmental ecosystem and tries to establish a plan to preserve the natural environment of the City of Ichon. This paper presents methods minimizing adverse effects of the facilities on the existing environments and promoting the city image with integrating culture, tourism, landscape and environment of the city. The landscape design makes efforts to harmonize natural environments in the site, human activities and culture. Well-being park was aimed to lead healthy and energetic outdoor activities of local residents. Ecological park was aimed to enhance the ecological functions of the forests and restore the valley ecology. Culture park was aimed to capture the city identity by creating a place that contains all the variety of meanings of the City of Ichon.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.685-694
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• 2010

As a eco-friendly material, Hwangtoh (red clay) has been studied for complete or partial replacement of portland cement. Most of existing studies focused on the material properties of the Hwangtoh concrete including the compressive strength, drying shringkage, and creep. In the present study, the shear strength of the beams made with the Hwangtoh concrete was tested. Further, bond strength of tension re-bars embedded in the Hwangtoh concrete was tested. One of the concrete tested consisted of activated Hwangtoh replacing 20% of the cement. The other consisted 100% activated. Hwangtoh replacing all the cement. The beam specimens were tested under two point static loading. The test result showed that the shear strength of activated Hwangtoh concrete beams replacing 20% and 100% of cement was equivalent to that of the ordinary portland cement concrete beam. However, the bond strength of activated Hwangtoh concrete replacing 100% of the cement was less than that of the ordinary portland cement concrete.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.448-455
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• 2018

Glass wool is an eco-friendly materials that is manufactured through a continuous process by processing waste glass. This materials is low cost compared with another materials and has excellent thermal conductivity. For this reason, glass wool is installed as insulation system for LNG carriers and as insulation of building wall as well as various industries. The mechanism of insulation of glass wool is the conduction of the wool itself and convection by space between fibers. Therefore, in order to develop the enhanced thermal conductivity of glass wool is necessary to reduce its own conduction or to insert additional material after manufacturing as well as prevent convection. In this respect, many researchers have been actively studying to decrease thermal conductivity of polyurethane foam using by inserted glass wool or change the chemical component of glass wool. However, many research are aiming reduction of glass wool itself. This study focus on post-processing and inserted different materials; silica-aerogel, kevlar fiber 1mm, 6mm and glass bubble. Experimental results show that the thermal conductivity almost decreases with the addiction of glass bubble and silica aerogel.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2016

Purpose: This is a study on the planning of temporary housing for post application of Mega Sports facilities. The subject of the study is 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics, which is to suggest building an alternative temporary housing using shipping containers(high cube), which solve the lack of accommodations and recycle temporary housing after Olympics, save money and be eco-friendly in Olympics. Method: This study includes this ; research on the a fact-finding survey about Mega sports facilities post application and demand survey on 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics accomodations and an analysis about temporary housing plan. Furthermore we decided temporary housing building plan by analyzing residents' needs and traits of the housing etc. Through this, we made a schematic design for household units. Result: As a result, this study is a plan of making space, forms, and structure. The planned size is $38.4m^2$(L:12m, W:3.2m) except balcony, and indoor height is 2.5m. The space consists of entrance, bathroom, bedroom and living room with folding furniture system. Also there's a detailed floor plan of the ceiling, wall, and floor we drew up. The ceiling and wall consist of dampproof film, noncombustible board, fire proof urethane form, and color-designed sheet. The floor is composed of floor tile, cement mortar, light concrete(with heat coil), insulation, and dampproof film. Additionally, this study is a plan of interior dry wall with detail using modular construction method for work efficiency and quality improvement.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.3169-3175
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• 2014

In this paper, we have established the procedures for $CO_2$ emission estimation BIM libraries by using the material takeoff function that BIM tools fundamentally provide, and verified its availability by applying to steel structures. The BIM library set-up procedures were made up of $CO_2$ emission coefficients and parameter extraction, project unit setting, parameter setting, and $CO_2$ emission quantity calculation formula set-up. We used Revit Architecture 2013 as BIM tool, and established the steel members' family libraries as BIM libraries. It is possible to calculate the $CO_2$ emission quantity by following the proposed BIM library set-up procedures, and users have only to input the $CO_2$ emission coefficients and unit weights of steel members being used. We expect that the results contribute to practical use of BIM in field, and vitalizations of the eco-friendly construction.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.359-367
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• 2023

This experimental study investigates the replacement of conventional Portland cement and sand with non-sintered cement and ferro-nickel slag to formulate eco-friendly cement mortar. The examination aimed to understand the strength properties of non-sintered cement mortar using ferro-nickel slag as fine aggregate by classifying mortar production types, fine aggregates, and curing methodologies. From flexural and compressive strength tests, it was observed that non-sintered cement mortars, incorporating ferro-nickel slag as fine aggregate, exhibited superior strength when compared to both plain mortar and steam-cured non-sintered mortar. This increased strength is attributed to the influence of the particle size, density, and absorption capabilities of the ferro-nickel slag. Furthermore, X-ray Diffraction(XRD) analyses of the mortars verified the presence of MgO, a component of ferro-nickel slag, in the form of a composite oxide. This finding substantiates the consistent strength manifestation of non-sintered cement mortars utilizing ferro-nickel slag as a fine aggregate.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2014

Wind power which is one of renewable energies is higher economical efficiency and technical maturity than other renewable energies. Recently, the government of ROK announced to increase the proportion of renewable energy through the National Energy Plan. Also, industry required to deregulate for large-scale wind power as Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) is introduced. Wind power whereas the eco-friendly energy, is a serious level of damage of the natural environment and topography when the wind power is located. Therefore, the study selected the indicators required for site selection of wind power and proposed the feasible area for wind power based on wind resource map. We selected the 15 indicators including 12 legal protected area, Ecology and Nature Map, rarity, and connectivity (National Ecological Network). After site selection, we should be considered slope and altitude at the stage of design for wind farm to mitigate the environmental impact. Results of analysis showed that 22.3% of wind resource map is available to locate wind power in real. Through the field survey we had verified the accuracy of the results was significantly correct.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2010

As design tools, building performance certification systems can be applied to provide adequate guidelines on design process to create environment-friendly buildings. Domestic certification systems of residential building took effect by doing supply to designers and contractors from affiliated organization of governments in the early 2000s. As a result, Building Energy Rating System, Apartment Performance Rating System, Green Homes and other means to promote green designs have been operated. International trends of applying certification systems were started in the early 1990s as forms of LEED in USGBC, BREEAM in BRE, GBTool Canada. These systems aim to evaluate building performance in line with the Climatic Change Convention and realize sustainable building design. In 2009, residential buildings accounted for the largest portion of the internal real estate market with 67.9 percent according to the National Statistical Office data. And for 18 years since 1991, apartments among constructed residential buildings have ranked top taking up 77.7% as of 2009. Apartment performance evaluations accordingly are to promote to constitution of improving tenant quality of life, the residential environment and saving energy and resources in the internal building market. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze valuation bases of each sector in evaluation systems of residential buildings at home and abroad to upgrade current systems through reflecting the characteristics of residential buildings. Implementation of this study basically include comparison of valuation bases and partial analysis on properties of rating systems to suggest requisites for improvement in building performance certification.