• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2006

The plasmacytoid variant is an extremely rare form of urothelial carcinoma in which the malignant cells resemble those of plasmacytoma. We report the cytologic features of 3 cases of this disorder. All 3 patients were male and presented with painless macroscopic hematuria. The voided urine cytology revealed a few scattered clusters of tumor cells in a bloody background. Each tumor cell had an abundant amount of cytoplasm that was clear or densely stained and characterized by eccentrically located nuclei. A histological examination of tissue obtained from a radical cystectomy confirmed the cytologic diagnosis in each 3 case, revealing a diffusely infiltrating tumor composed of round, noncohesive tumor cells demonstrating a high nuclear grade. These cells had infiltrated the tunica propria in 2 cases, but were limited to the submucosa in 1 case. The tumor cells were plasmacytoid in appearance, each demonstrating an eccentric nucleus and dense cytoplasm, as seen in the cytologic findings. All of the tumors were immunoreactive for pancytokeratin, CK7, CK20; negative for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), leukocyte common antigen (LCA), kappa, lambda, and CD79a. Thus, it is important to consider the plasmacytoid variant of urothelial carcinoma in addition to plasmacytoma or lymphoma as a diagnosis when encountering plasmacytoid tumor cells in a voided urine sample.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.5
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• pp.167-192
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• 2003

When Hart Crane′s poem cycle The Bridge was published in 1930, a group of influential reviewers accused Crane of immaturity, sentimentality, and lack of focus. They condemned crane′s wayward, fuzzy mysticism as backwards-looking and self-defeating. Even sympathetic critics, such as Harold Bloom, have consistently portrayed Crane′s poetry as the pyrotechnic final fizzle of late romanticism. These persistent, public reservations, however, have not prevented an impressive proliferation in secondary literature concerning Crane since the late 1960s. His promiscuity, alcoholism, erratic behavior, relative poverty, tragic death, and total commitment to art have since earned him the labels of New World Rimbaud and proto-Beat. His colorful career thus explains in part his retrospective fame. Nevertheless, living hard and dying young do not guarantee artistic immortality. This article poses questions as to why Crane has mattered so much to subsequent generations of U.S. readers and what these readers find so compelling in his poetry. The answer, I would argue, lies in Crane′s idiosyncratic use of language. Far from striving for transparency, he writes in an inimitably obstructive, artificial manner. There is something seductive and absurd in his wild use of words here, I would further argue, we discover the reason behind both Crane′s enduring appeal and his supposed inadequacy as a writer. Crane did "torture" syntax, semantics, and conventional associations, not because he saw his unusual language as an eccentric mannerism but because he saw it as a tool in the service of constructing a "myth of America" and reintegrating the human and divine. Understanding thy he considered this to be the case clarifies Crane′s achievement and illuminates why his work still seems so relevant today.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.526-533
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• 2008

In this study, theoretical super screen vibration analysis has been carried out to predict the dynamic characteristics of interactive waste particles. In order to approach these problems, it is necessary to have a fundamental understanding the screening process and the process of both the remaining and the passed material on a screen with several interacting screen planes based on Soldinger(1999) was discussed. Here, the vibrating screen is composed of three assemblies such as screen, wastes guide, and supported screen as shown in Fig. 1. This model is regarded vibrator as the system of screen fixed tilt plates. Then materials(or particles) of different size is to be separated by using the eccentric vibrator and classifying tilt plates. As well moisturized construction wastes is more efficient to separate than moisture-less it. In processing separate mechanism, the more materials is light, the more staying time is long. Thus much lighter construction wastes(wood, Styrofoam, etc) and heavier materials are separated by staying time delay in a super screen. The design results, separation screen were able to know that small and larger particles are conspicuous difference each motion character according to trajectory particles, and small particles raise the probability in classifying tilt plates.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.369-373
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• 2005

A male mixed breed dog with unknown age (case 1) and 5-year-old female golden retriever (case 2) were admitted to the Department of Veterinary Pathology at College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University after sudden death. At necropsy, stifle region of case 1 was replaced by coalescing firm tan nodules approximately 1-3 cm in diameter. Neoplastic nodules were also presented in the lung. In case 2, the spleen was enlarged 3-5 times its normal size and numerous firm tan nodules were noted in the kidney, pericardium, diaphragm and lymph nodes. Histopathologically, the neoplastic masses of case 1 consisted of plump spindle cells having abundant cytoplasm and indistinct cell borders that formed interlacing bundle. In case 2, the masses were consisted of round to polygonal cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and eccentric nuclei. Numerous multinucleated giant cells containing nuclei of various sizes were noted. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells of all two cases stained intensely with vimentin and lysozyme. Based on the gross and light microscopic findings together with immunohistochemistry, both cases were diagnosed as localized histiocytic sarcoma with pulmonary metastasis and disseminated histiocytic sarcoma, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.11 no.2 s.39
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• pp.201-212
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• 1999

A beam supported by a flexible elastic support is commonly used as structural elements, e.g., braced beam, railway track, etc. The elastic support can be located in arbitrary point in the cross-section. This paper investigates the effects of support eccentricity on the elastic buckling of beams with elastic supports. The effects of stiffness of the elastic support are also studied. A beam element with elastic supports and the analysis program are developed for elastic buckling analysis using finite element formulation. The elastic support is modeled by elastic spring element. Using the offset technique, the eccentricity of support is taken into account. A beam element having 14 degrees of freedom including the warping degree of freedom is used. Various numerical example analyses show that the present formulation and analysis program accurately and effectively compute the buckling load and mode of beams with elastic supports.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.315-321
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to develop a mathematical model for system identification in order to predIct muscle force based on eledromyographic signal. Therefore, a finding of the relalionship between characteristics of electromyographic signal and the corre spondng muscle force should be necessiiry through dynamic, joint model. To develop the dynamic joint model, the upper limb mcludmg the wrist and elbow joint has been considered. The kinematic and dynamic data, such as joint angular displacement, velocity, deceleration along with the moment of inertla, required to establish the dynamic model has been obtained by electrical flexible goniometer which has two degree-of-frcedoms. ln this model, muscle force can be predicted only electromyographs through the relationship between the integrated lorce and the mtegrated electromyographic signal over the duration of muscle contraclion in this study.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.530-539
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• 2002

In designing the boundary confinement of shear walls, the current design provisions and recommendations are empirical and prescriptive; they specify a certain confinement length and details, regardless of the actual requirement of ductility Therefore, they are inappropriate to the performance based-design. The purpose of the present study is to develop a ductility design method that Is applicable to the performance based-design of shear wall. For the purpose, experimental studies were performed to investigate variations in the ductility of shear walls with the length of the boundary confinement. Five specimens modeling the compressive zone of cross sections with different confinement area were tested against eccentric vertical load. Through the experimental studies, strength, ductility, and failure mode of the compression zone were investigated. In addition, nonlinear numerical analyses for the overall cross-sections of shear wall were performed to investigate variations of the stress and strain profiles with the length of compression zone. On the basis of the experimental and numerical studies, a ductility design method for shear wall was developed. By using the proposed design method, for a given ductility demand, the area of lateral confinement and corresponding reinforcement ratio can be precisely determined so that the ductile behavior and economical design are assured.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.482-493
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• 2003

Flat plate structures subjected to lateral load have less deformability than conventional moment frames, due to the brittle failure of plate-column connection. In the present study, parametric study using nonlinear finite element analysis was performed to investigate the deformability of flat plates. The numerical results show that as number of continuous spans increases, the deformability of flat plates considerably decreases. Therefore, existing experiments using sub-assemblages with 1 or 2 spans may overestimate the deformability of flat plates, and current design provisions based on the experiments may not be accurate in estimating the deformability. A design method estimating the deformability was developed on the basis of numerical results, and verified by comparison with existing experiment. In the proposed method, the effects of primary design parameters such as direct shear force, punching shear capacity, aspect ratio of connection, number of spans, and initial stiffness of plate can be considered.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.149-152
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• 2008

In structural design provision, maximum punching shear stress of slabs is prescribed as combined stress of direct shear occurred by balanced gravity load and eccentric shear occurred by unbalanced moment. This means that the effect of unbalanced moment is considered to decide the punching shear stress. However, from the resistance capacity standpoint, the effect of unbalanced moment strength is not considered for deciding punching shear strength. For this problem, a model to show unbalanced moment-punching shear interrelation was proposed. In the model, the relation between load effect and resistance capacity in unbalanced moment-punching shear was two-dimensionally expressed. Using the interrelation model, a method how unbalanced moment strength should be considered to decide the punching shear strength was proposed. Additionally, a effective width enlargement factor for deciding the unbalanced moment strength of flat plates with shear reinforcements was proposed. The interrelation model proposed in this paper is very effective for the design because not only punching shear and unbalanced moment strengths but also failure modes of flat plates can be accurately predicted.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.257-260
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• 2008

This study will make P-M interaction diagram of residual capacity at fire-damaged High strength concrete column with polypropylene fiber. Evaluating capacity of column decreasing spalling with P-M interaction diagram is important. because high strength concrete column with polypropylene fiber isn't section area loss. P-M interaction diagram that is made to analyze according to a various parameters is useful index for design and evaluating capacity of columns. In this study, spalling, temperature distribution of interior column, residual strength and movement of column in eccentric loading are studied with expose time of high temperature. For study fire test that is similar real act, and after cooling in normal condition residual strength of specimen is estimated. And this study use DIANA(Displacement Analyzer) for analyzing nonlinear analysis. with experiment temperature and strength data.