• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.54-66
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• 2021

Purpose: Considering the various health benefits of vegetables, it is necessary to identify maternal correlates of vegetable preference and consumption in children for shaping desirable vegetable-related eating habits. This study aimed to investigate the maternal factors related to vegetable preferences and consumption in preschool-aged children. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that surveyed 303 mother-child pairs (146 boys, 157 girls) to explore general characteristics, vegetable preferences, and cooked vegetable consumption in mothers and children using a questionnaire method. Maternal correlates of the child's vegetable preference and consumption were tested using a generalized linear model using SAS program. Results: Mothers' vegetable preferences and consumption were significantly higher than those in their children (p < 0.001). Mothers' vegetable preferences showed a significant positive correlation with the vegetable preferences of their children (mother-son, p < 0.001; mother-daughter, p < 0.001). Additionally, mothers' cooked vegetable consumption showed a significant positive correlation with the cooked vegetable consumption of children (mother-son, p < 0.001; mother-daughter, p < 0.001). Mothers' vegetable preferences and consumption respectively increased those of their children, in both boys and girls. Conclusion: Findings that mothers' vegetable preference and consumption correlates of children's vegetable preferences and consumption, indicate the importance of the mothers' role in increasing vegetable consumption in children. Mothers should be aware of the effects of their vegetable eating habits on their children's vegetable consumption and try to develop healthy eating habits. We suggest that the government or local communities provide nutrition education for mothers to adopt healthy eating habits and present information to educate their children on food and healthy dietary habits.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.3675-3684
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 대학생의 체형인식, 불안, 심리적 유연성과 이상섭식태도 간의 관련성을 파악하기 위함이다. 서울, 충청도, 전라도 소재의 4년제 대학 4곳에 재학 중인 대학생 289명을 대상으로, 2013년 4월 20일부터 6월 30일까지 자가 보고식 설문조사로 시행되었다. 연구결과, 대상자의 주관적 체형인식, 본인체형에 대한 비교모델, 본인의 체형만족도, 이상적 체형인식에 따라 이상섭식태도에 유의한 차이를 보였으며, 다중회귀 분석결과 주관적 체형인식(${\beta}$=0.28, p<.001), 이상적 체형인식(${\beta}$=-0.15, p=.004), 불안(${\beta}$=0.21, p<.001), 심리적 유연성(${\beta}$=-0.13, p=.032)이 이상섭식태도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 변수로 나타났고, 이 변수들의 설명력은 26%인 것으로 나타났다(F=17.42, p<.001). 그러므로 올바른 체형인식에 대한 교정과 불안감소 및 심리적 유연성 향상을 위한 치료적 간호중재가 대학생의 이성섭식태도 개선을 위해 도움이 될 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.494-504
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• 2006

This study compared eating habits, food preferences, and the nutrient intakes of university students and their parents. The subjects were 186 students (68 males and 118 females) and 143 parents (62 fathers and 81 mothers) in 2 middle-sized cities and 3 metropolises. Eating habits and food preferences were investigated by questionnaire, and nutrient intake by a self recoding for 24-hour. The university students ate out, and ate breads, fast foods, instant foods, and canned or frozen products more frequently than their parents. They had higher preferences for meats, but lower preferences for fish, beans and bean products, vegetables, and sea weeds than their parents. Students took in more energy, total fat, total cholesterol, and SFA (saturated fatty acids) than their parents. The energy ratio of carbohydrate to the total energy intake was lower in the students than in their parents, while the energy ratio of fat to the total energy intake was higher in the students than in their parents. The intake of fats by the students amounted to more than 25% of the total energy intake. In conclusion, the university students had developed a more Western eating pattern and food preference, and were exposed to more risk factors to health than their parents, They should therefore, learn how to manage their meals more carefully in order to reduce risk factors to health.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.276-286
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• 2011

This study aimed to examine consumers' interest, preference, and consumption frequency of Kimchi in elementary school students in the fifth grade and their mothers living in Changwon city. In a comparison of eating habits, students exhibited better eating habits than their mothers (P<0.01). Though the mothers' levels, were higher than those of the students in the category of 'eat foods with a bit of salt usually', the students' levels were higher in the rest of the eating habit categories. The categories of 'like Kimchi', 'spicy taste', and 'appropriately spicy taste' got high levels. Among several kinds of Kimchi, both students and mothers preferred 'cabbage Kimchi' the most. Among various Kimchi foods, preferences for 'Kimchi pancake', 'fried rice with Kimchi', and 'tuna Kimchi soup', were highest in that order. The preferences differed between students and mothers in each category; mothers' preferences were significantly higher than those of students. However, in the rest of categories, except 'boiled kimchi and fish' and 'Kimchi and stir-fried spicy pork', students' preferences were higher than mothers' ones. Compared to their preferences, students' consumption frequencies were significantly higher than mothers' ones (P<0.01). There were positive correlations among students' eating habits, awareness of Kimchi, consumption frequency, and preference. For mothers, there were positive correlations not only between eating habits and awareness, but also between awareness and preference.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to estimate the nutrient intake, dietary habits, and body indices among preschool children. The study subjects were 166 kindergarten children, aged 4 to 6 years. A measurement of the weight, height, chest circumference, and head circumference of the children was conducted. The general home environment and factors related to the eating habits of children were collected using a questionnaire that included information about physical activity, outdoor playing time, television watching, family income, and parents education and occupations. Underweight, overweight were defined based on a value of less than 110 and more than 140 on the Rohrer Index, or less than 90 and more than 120 on the weight-length index (WLI). The average Rohrer and WLI for the preschool children were 14.3 $\pm$ 23.2% and 104 $\pm$ 13.5%. Using the WLI, 12.7% of the preschool children were underweight 62.6% were normal, and 24.7% were overweight or obese. On the Rohrer Index, 32.0% of the preschool children were underweight, 34.7% were normal, and 34.1% were overweight or obese. With regard to frequency of regularity of eating breakfast, 2.5% of preschool children skipped breakfast every morning. The risk of being overweight increased in preschool children who had faster eating times. The Rohrer and WLI were negatively related to faster eating times. The average daily energy intake was 1272 Kcal, which corresponded to 79.5% of the Korean RDA. In particular, the average intakes of calcium, iron, and vitamin B$_2$ were much lower than the Korean RDAs for each of those nutrients. Children whose mothers had occupations were at greater risk of decreased nutrient intake than those whose mothers were at home. The data presented in this study confirm that, in preschool children, undernutrition remains the nutritional problem of great concern in Korea, even though Koreans are starting to have worrisome rates of overweight. Therefore, during the early years of life, focus should remain on sustaining Proper growth and development.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.253-261
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• 2015

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine differences in nutrition knowledge, eating habits during pregnancy, and neonatal health status between primipara for pregnant women of advanced maternal age in comparison to those under the age of 35. Methods: This study used a comparative survey design. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires and patients medical records. A total of 127 participants, mothers after delivery were recruited from metropolitan city B. Results: Primipara in advanced maternal age (n=32) reported significantly higher scores of eating habits (Z=-2.96, p=.003) than younger ages (n=95). There were no significant differences in scores of pregnancy nutrition knowledge (Z=-0.44, p=.660), duration of gestation (Z=-0.28, p=.778), neonatal birth height (Z=-0.10, p=.924), neonatal birth weight (Z=-0.28, p=.777), Apgar score 1 minute (Z=-0.53, p=.599) and 5 minutes (Z=-0.23, p=.816) between two groups. Conclusion: It concludes that age is not the obstacle to the best nutritional status of women and their newborns.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.112-124
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• 2018

Despite the rapid increase in the number of foreign students, there has been a lack of research to help them adapt to Korean food culture and develop healthy eating habits. This study examined the dietary habits and problems of foreign students studying in universities of Korea. Although 97.0% of the 604 people surveyed live in dormitories, the visiting rate of the school cafeteria was low. In addition, only 30.2% of them ate three meals a day, and the frequency of eating midnight snack and convenience store foods was high. International students were positive about experiencing new Korean food, but food satisfaction in Korea was not high because of the difficulties in food selection due to religious problems and maladjustment to Korean sauces and seasonings. Information on Korean eating habits was obtained mainly from other foreign students from the same country (49.5%) and the Internet (33.8%), and there was very little interaction with Korean students at meals. The ratio of subjects who ate halal foods was 33.3%, and they were shown to have difficulty obtaining halal foods in Korea. Therefore, based on the results of this study, a support program should be developed in order to improve the dietary habits of international students.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.133-145
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• 2010

This study was conducted to examine the needs of nutrition education based on analysis of the eating habits and nutrition knowledge among middle school students. The survey was conducted on 536 students (boys=216, girls=320) using a questionnaire. The average number of meals consumed was three (67.5%) and 58.0% of students reported having breakfast. Concerning the nutritional knowledge, students showed the highest score (girls, 0.90${\pm}$0.03 and boys 0.82${\pm}$0.04) for items describing the proper diet plan for obesity. Additionally, nutritional knowledge was found to have a significant effect on dietary habits. Regarding the necessity for nutrition education, high response rates for "For normal growth of students (44.8%)" and "Help to select proper food and choose safe food (24.0%)" were observed. Taken together, these findings indicate that consistent and systematic management is required under the institutional support by the school to improve students' perception regarding nutrition and to develop effective nutrition education.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.384-394
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• 2019

Objectives: The study was performed to examine the dietary behaviors and life stress of middle school students in the Gyeonggi area. Methods: A total of 580 middle school students (295 males, 285 females) in the Gyeonggi area participated in the study between July and August in 2011. The study was a questionnaire-based survey that included dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and life stress. Results: For dietary habits, the score for drinking milk was higher in male students than in female students, whereas the score for eating fruits was higher in female students compared to male students. There were significant differences in foods eaten and preferred under stress between male and female students. Male students showed significantly less changes in the number of meals, amount of meal intake, number of snacks, snack intake, frequency of overeating, and appetite during stress than female students. Life stress score of students largely came from academic factors, and female students showed higher stress levels in personal and surrounding environment factors than male students. Life stress score was significantly lower in students with high and moderate levels of dietary habits than in students with a low level of dietary habits. Total score for dietary habits and scores for eating adequate amounts of foods for each meal, considering a combination of food groups at each meal and eating green and orange vegetables, were significantly negatively correlated with life stress score. Life stress score was significantly negatively correlated with meal regularity and positively with the level of overeating. Conclusions: This study may provide basic information on dietary habits and life stress according to gender and the relationship between dietary behaviors and life stress of middle school students, and it suggests gender-based nutrition education programs to solve undesirable dietary habits and dietary behaviors in students with higher stress.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.497-511
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• 2019

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a school-centered healthy eating environment for children in elementary care classrooms and prevent incorrect eating habits and obesity through the development and application of standardized healthy eating habit-forming educational materials. Methods: Ten schools in eight districts of Gyeonggi-do and 400 students from 19 care classes were selected. Based on the developed educational materials, the program was applied to students once in two weeks. 'Notices for Parents' forms were also sent to the students' home to educate their parents. Pre and post-surveys were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the education. The pre-education, education, and aftercare were conducted from September 28 to September 31, 2016, from October 3 to November 30, 2016, and from December 5 to December 9, 2016, respectively. Results: The healthy eating program for elementary care classes was designed to develop a school-centered healthy eating environment and provide standardized educational material for healthy eating habits. Twelve educational topics were developed: , , , , , , , , , , , and . Moreover, the materials were produced in four forms: for students, for after school caring teachers, for external specialists, and for parents. The effectiveness evaluation was conducted to confirm the application of the program. The average eating habits score was 3.3 ± 0.6, with no significant difference between before and after application. The score of overall satisfaction of the education was 3.9 ± 0.9. The most satisfying content was 'Did you get to know how to eat evenly?'. Significant increases were observed in two contents for parents regarding their children's knowledge changes after the education: 'Five nutrients needed for growing children' and 'Knowing sugar foods and sugar-containing foods'. On the other hand, their educational satisfaction was 3.6 ± 0.6, which was lower than the children's satisfaction. This might be because their education was conducted only through the 'Notices for Parents' form. Conclusions: In the long term, the healthy eating habit-formation education for lower elementary school children is expected to be beneficial. To prevent obesity and establish healthy eating habits of children, it is important to develop healthy eating education programs centered on elementary school aftercare classes, including the development of educational materials and an application system through connection with the home and community.