• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.23 no.4 s.32
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• pp.404-415
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• 1990

This study was conducted to analyze the relations among nutritional knowledge, nutrional attitude, eating practice and total nutritional diagnosis and also to find the influencing factors of them. The survey was done during the period from April 1990 to June 1990 and the target population were Ewha Womans University students (freshmen and senior) of whom 1,354 peoples were surveyed. The summarized results are as follows ; 1. For the teaming environment, the percentage of completion on nutritional knowledge course was 28.6% and among them the department of foods and nutrition had the highest score(100.0%) and the next was dept. of medicine (53.4%). 2. To find the relation which the nutritional knowledge, nutritional attitude, eating practice and the total nutritional diagnosis influence on one another, the multiple correlation analysis was done. The attitude and the practice were highly correlated with total nutritional diagnosis, but the correlation between nutritional knowledge and total nutrional diagnosis was not significant. The correlation between the practice and nutritional knowledge which were positively and significantly correlated with attitude respectively was positive but not significant. 3. The difference which were analyzed by department, grade and completion on knowledge course on the nutritional knowledge, attitude, eating practice were significant (p<0.01) by ANOVA. 4. The significant variables on nutritional diagnosis are the eating practice points, the grade, the knowledge course, the breakfast and the attitude ($r^2=10.3%$) by multiple regression analysis. This study has the limitation that it did not consider the environmental factors of dietary life such as dietary culture, family environment, cultural habit. Therefore important points of these dietary studies are to extend to the practical nutritional education and dietary improvement for the national health not restricted to the local area or local population.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.455-464
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the status of dietary behavior and its association with study-related factors in middle school students. Methods: Study-related factors, dietary habit score and dietary behaviors were surveyed by questionnaire and then analyzed. A total of 580 students in some middle schools in Gyeonggi-do participated in this study. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS for windows Ver. 22.0. Results: 71.3% of the subjects slept for 6 ~ 8 hours, and the studying time outside of school was the highest (2 ~ 4 hours). The highest score for stress from studying by private lessons or academies was 'seldom stressed', with higher stress being observed in male students than female students. The average dietary habit score was 3.69 in male students and 3.62 in female students. The highest average time for meal eating was 10 ~ 20 minutes, with shorter times being observed for male students than female students. Eating meals was regular in most students and the highest number of snack eating was 1 ~ 2 times a day. For dietary behaviors by study-related factors, students with more than 2 hours of studying time outside of school showed higher dietary habit scores than those with less than 2 hours, who showed significantly higher rates of eating 2 meals a day. As the sleeping hours and daily average studying hours increased, the rate of regular meal eating increased significantly. Conclusion: The students showed good, above average dietary behaviors, but gender differences in study-related factors and dietary behaviors. Moreover, the sleeping hours and the studying time outside of school were correlated with dietary habit scores and dietary behaviors. Thus, continuous and systematic education for proper dietary behavior is needed along with greater interest in students with problems of study-related factors, particularly those due to study burden.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.350-357
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze the dietary behaviors and food intake patterns by sex, based on the data of nutrition counseling of health medical examination. The subjects were 5811(3258 males and 2553 females) of groups taken comprehensive medical testing in Gyeonggi area, and the total period was from January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2005. The subjects are composed of 56.1% male and 43.9% female. The results of this study show that of the females group were higher than those of the males in the case of dietary patterns. The averages intakes of milk products and beverages were significantly higher in male. Animal food intake ratio in the meal was significantly higher in male. In view of these facts, the relation factors of nutrients intakes may vary by sex. The averages of nutrients intakes were higher in male compared to female. Therefore, appropriate nutritional education should be conducted so that they have a healthy dietary habit.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.333-341
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• 2016

Purpose: In this study, we comparatively investigated the nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude, and dietary behavior related to salt according to the types of dietary life style for differences between the groups. Methods: The survey was conducted between May 1 to July 31, 2014 among 500 adults aged >19 years in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do and Chungcheong-do areas. Results: Factor analysis of the dietary life style, indicated 4 factors including food convenience factor, food information emphasis factor, behavior factor of pursing food taste, and food purchase standard factor, which were classified into 3 groups according to differentiated dietary life style types; group 1 emphasized convenience and diversity of food, and price sensitiveness. and included subjects who had low interest in health and nutrition and were less likely to take care of their health through regular exercise,; group 2 emphasized food ingredients, food additives, usage and food purchase standards. and included subjects who were more likely to take care of their health through exercise and showed lower intake of fast food and less cases of eating out.; and group 3 showed relatively higher tendency toward dietary life style factors than the other two groups. The level of nutrition knowledge in sodium intake differed according to dietary life styles, and showed a significant difference in the dietary practice of sodium intake. Conclusion: Nutrition education on the healthy dietary habit of reducing sodium intake be based on ge and gender. In addition, an effort is required to improve behavior, interest, and attitude according to the important tendencies of the dietary life style.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.111-122
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• 2016

This research was performed to investigate mother's influence on their children's dietary life. We surveyed 312 elementary school students and their mothers in kyungpook province, and analyzed the responses using SAS 8.0 statistical program. The results showed that mothers' consuming behavior of processed foods was closely related to their children's dietary life. In detail, mother's preference, eating frequency, positive recognition on processed foods negatively affect on their children's dietary habit and snacking behavior. Also, the children whose mother has higher preference on processed foods showed significantly higher preference on cereals(p<0.05), fast foods(p<0.001), and carbonated beverages(p<0.001). Interestingly, mother's influence was stronger on children's eating frequency than preference of processed foods. The children whose mother has higher preference and eating frequency of processed foods ate significantly less vegetables(p<0.001), milk products(p<0.05), and more cereals(p<0.001), noodles(p<0.001), confectionary(p<0.001), fast foods(p<0.01), carbonated beverages(p<0.01). These results show that mothers' consuming behavior of processed foods significantly influences on their children's dietary life, which suggests the importance of mother's reasonable consuming attitude and behavior on dietary life. To promote children's healthy dietary life, therefore, the education programs for parent and children should be developed and practically used at school.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.215-231
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• 2018

Attitudes to the health and dietary life of teachers affect their students. The purpose of this study was to investigate dietary and education awareness, eating habits and dietary management competency of the preliminary teachers and teachers. Data was collected from 812 pre-service teachers and teachers in South Korea using a 5-Likert self-administrated questionnaire in October to December of 2017. Data was analyzed using factor analysis, reliability, one-way analysis of variance, and correlation. The results of this study are as follows. Dietary and education awareness was classified into dietary concern and dietary management stress. Eating habits composed of healthy eating habit and bad eating habit. Dietary management competency was sub-grouped into dietary knowledge, cooking, dietary sanitation and safety, and environment. The all factors of pre - service teachers and teachers showed a significant difference except for the environmental ability factor (p <0.01). All factors were significantly different according to the age and the number of meal preparation (p <0.05). The eating habits were not significantly differences from sex. The major and health condition showed significant differences except dietary management stress and cooking factors (p <0.01). The obesity index showed significant difference in the dietary concern, bad eating habits, and cooking factors (p <0.01). In conclusion, it was required to education and develop education materials that can help the STEAM education using the dietary area. The dietary education program for the pre - service teachers and the teachers should increase the number of participating in the meal preparation considering the difference according to the general characteristics, so that the dietary management competency and the healthy eating habits should be formed.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.248-257
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of smoking on dietary behavior and nutrient intake among the male college students. The subjects were divided into three groups; non smoker(n=84), moderate smoker(n=68), and heavy smoker(n=89) according to duration and degree of smoking. And they were asked for general characteristics, life style, eating pattern, food frequency, and nutrient intake using questionnaire and 24-hr recall method. The mean age, height, weight, and BMI of the subjects were 26.2$\pm$6.2 years, 173.3$\pm$5.3㎝, 66.5$\pm$9.3㎏, and 22.1$\pm$2.7㎏/$m^2$, respectively. The type of residence and frequency of alcohol drinking were significantly different among three groups; the frequency of self-boarding and alcohol drinking in moderate smoker and heavy smoker was higher than those in non smoker. Comparing with non smoker, the frequency of skipping meals, especially breakfast and supper, was significantly high in moderate smoker and heavy smoker. The most common reason why heavy smoker skipped meals was ‘eating habit’, while it was ‘lack of time’ in non smoker. The results showed that the heavy smoker tended to drink coffee more often compared to the other two groups. There were no significant differences in nutrient intakes among three groups. In conclusion, heavy smoking students have unhealthy dietary behaviors in terms of high frequency of alcohol drinking, habit of skipping meals and frequent coffee drinking showing a strong need of proper education on smoking withdrawal and meal practice for them.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2015

This research was designed to examine the dietary habits and unbalanced diet of middle school students by gender and region. The survey was conducted using questionnaires on dietary habits and unbalanced diet administered to 726 students (urban: 367, rural: 359). The obesity index using BMI showed that the largest proportion of girls was 'underweight' in both regions, which showed a significant difference by region (p<0.001). Male students in urban areas prefer salty taste more than rural students (p<0.05). In urban areas, problems relating to dietary habits were 'unbalanced diet' and 'overeating' in male students and 'frequent snacks' and 'irregular mealtime' for female students (p<0.01). The frequencies of skipping breakfast (p<0.01), snack intake (p<0.001), eating out (p<0.001) and fast food consumption (p<0.001) were significantly higher in urban students than in rural students, and the reason for eating snacks was 'hungry' in urban students and 'habitually' and 'delicious' in rural students (p<0.01). Unbalanced diet was significantly higher in rural students compared with urban students (p<0.001) and male students compared with female students in urban (p<0.05), and the factors affecting dietary habits were mostly related to family. Male students in urban areas showed a significantly lower intake frequency of 'fish, tofu and beans' (p<0.05) and 'milk and yogurt' (p<0.05), but higher intake frequency of 'vegetables' (p<0.001) compared with female students. Male students in rural areas showed a significantly lower intake frequency of 'meat' (p<0.05) but higher intake frequency of 'milk and yogurt' (p<0.05) compared with female students. Urban students showed a significantly higher intake frequency of food groups compared with rural students. To conclude, desirable nutrition education on meal regularity, snack choice, and problems relating to unbalanced diet should be conducted in schools.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.265-277
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• 2020

This study was conducted to investigate dietary adaptations and use of university foodservice in Korea according to the religion of international students. The survey was conducted from April to June in 2017 and included 609 subjects studying at a university in Busan. Muslims showed the highest percentage of eating three meals per day (42.4%) but the highest rate of eating unbalanced meals (64.7%) and midnight meals (41.8%). The most frequent problematic eating habit among Buddhists was irregular mealtimes (46.0%). Adaptation frequency to Korean diet was lowest among Muslims and highest among Christians. Securing halal foods was difficult for Muslims in Korea, and demand for halal foods as a school restaurant menu was high. The response rate for experiencing Korean food at university foodservice was highest among Christians (79.7%) and lowest among Muslims (45.3%). The main reason for not using university foodservice for Muslims was "no menu to eat" for religious reasons, and other religious groups cited "lack of menu variety." Preferred types and recipes of meats, fish, and vegetables also showed significant differences according to religion. As a result, efforts should be made to increase adaptation to life abroad in Korea, including changes in university foodservice management, considering the religious characteristics of international students.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.336-344
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the eating behaviors and the preferences of industrial workers in Korea. This survey was conducted from May 20 to June 20, 1998 by constructed questionnaires and the subjects were 364 males and 588 females. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1) The subjects who didn't have breakfast regularly were 41.7% because they didn't have enough time to eat. The main type of breakfast were cooked rice. 2) The subjects who used the company cafeteria were 60.5% and men used the company cafeteria more than women. The most favorite side dishes by the subjects were roasted foods and next side dishes were seasoned foods. There were not significantly different the kinds of favorite side dishes between men and women. The main reason that the subjects preferred to a specific side dish was 'delicious'. 3) Foods and dishes that the subjects could approached frequently and easily made the eating habits changed. The most favorite meal types of the subjects were Korean foods because those were good taste for the subjects. The favorite snacks by men were ramyon and those by women were rolled rice(Gimbab). 4) The pan-fried foods(Jun) were the most favorite food in the cloudy day and the salads were the most favorite food in the sunny day. The most favorite taste of the subjects were light and clear tastes and next favorite taste of the subjects was salty tastes. This study shows that the eating habit of industrial workers could be changed by easily and frequently approached food and weather. In addition, the lacks of time was main reason that the subjects couldn't have regular breakfast. Therefore, it needs to develop the desirable programs and diet menus to consider the situation of the industrial workers and weather.