• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2023

지진이 발생한 후 구조물의 안전성을 평가하기 위해 모든 교량 및 건축물에 지진가속도 및 변위를 계측하는 유지관리시스템을 구축하기는 효율적이지 않아, 이를 유지관리하기 위해서는 현장조사가 시행되며 조사범위가 넓은 경우 많은 시간이 소요된다. 그로 인해 2차 피해가 발생할 우려가 있으므로 신속한 개별 구조물의 안전성을 추정할 필요가 있다. 구조물의 지진 손상은 구조물에 인가된 지진력 정보와 구조해석모델을 이용하여 위험도평가 해석을 통해 예측할 수 있다. 이를 위해 지진 발생 시 임의위치에서 발생한 지진력을 추정할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 지진계측 기록과 선형추정방법 및 인공신경망 학습 방법을 활용한 임의위치의 지반 응답스펙트럼 및 가속도시간이력을 추정하는 방법들을 제안하고 적용성을 평가하였다. 선형추정방법의 경우 추정에 사용되는 인근 관측소의 위치가 가까울 경우 오차가 적었지만 멀어질 경우 오차가 크게 증가하였다. 인공신경망 학습 방법의 경우 동일한 조건에서 더 낮은 수준의 오차로 추정할 수 있었다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.155-165
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• 2018

Methods based on nonlinear static analysis as simple tools could be used for the seismic analysis and assessment of structures. In the present study, capability of the N2 method as a well-known nonlinear analysis procedure examines for the estimation of the damage index of multi-storey reinforced concrete frames. In the implemented framework, equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) models are utilized for the global damage estimation of multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) systems. This method does not require high computational analysis and subsequently decreases the required time of seismic design and assessment process. To develop the methodology, RC frames with period range from 0.4 to 2.0 s under 40 records are studied. The effectiveness of proposed technique is evaluated through numerical study under near- and far-field earthquake ground motions. Finally, the results of developed models are compared with two other simplified schemes along with nonlinear time history analysis results of multi-storey frames. To improve the accuracy of damage estimation, a modified relation is presented based on the N2 method results for near- and far-field earthquakes.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.209-216
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• 2000

When subjected to earthquake shaking, saturated sandy soil may generate excess pore pressure. And a time may come when initial confining pressure will equal to excess pore pressure. Depending on the characteristics of the soil and the length of the drainage path, excess pore pressure was dissipated after earthquake. For this reason, it was induced settlement in grounds and fatal damage of various structures. In this study, settlement in silty sand grounds induced earthquake was evaluated using post-liquefaction constitutive equation between volumetric strain and shear strain from previous study. Using that, it was proposed that simplified estimation of settlement in silty sand grounds induced liquefaction.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2015

The earthquake is a natural disaster causing loss of life or property damage and happens more often in Korea recently. Moreover, considering the increase of massive buildings, it is required to predict and visualize the information of the vibration in a building. In this paper, we developed a prototype framework to visualize the displacement information in the AR environments. In order to avoid the irregular halts of the scene and the unnatural distortion of the object, this framework uses the synchronization method at the scene update time and the interpolation of the sensor data for the displacement of vertices. In addition, we studied displacement estimation methods with the acceleration data to extend this framework to the system with accelerators.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.795-812
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• 2011

Estimation of damage probability of buildings under a future earthquake is an essential issue to ensure the seismic reliability. Fragility curves are useful tools for showing the probability of structural damage due to earthquakes as a function of ground motion indices. The purpose of this study is to compare the damage probability of R/C buildings with low and high level of strength and ductility through fragility analysis. Two different types of sample buildings have been considered which represent the building types mentioned above. The first one was designed according to TEC-2007 and the latter was designed according to TEC-1975. The pushover curves of sample buildings were obtained via pushover analyses. Using 60 ground motion records, nonlinear time-history analyses of equivalent single degree of freedom systems were performed using bilinear hysteretic model and peak-oriented hysteretic model with stiffness - strength deterioration for each scaled elastic spectral displacement. The damage measure is maximum inter-story drift ratio and each performance level considered in this study has an assumed limit value of damage measure. Discrete damage probabilities were calculated using statistical methods for each considered performance level and elastic spectral displacement. Consequently, continuous fragility curves have been constructed based on the lognormal distribution assumption. Furthermore, the effect of hysteresis model parameters on the damage probability is investigated.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.635-643
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• 2018

이 연구에서는 지진강도의 범위가 철근콘크리트 교량의 지진취약도 해석에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 이 목적을 위해 과거 지진에 의해 손상된 철근콘크리트 교량을 선택하여 비선형 동적 시간이력해석모델을 개발하였다. 총 25개의 계측지진파에 대해 비선형 동적 시간이력해석을 수행하여 교각의 최대 수평변위비를 구한 후, 이 결과를 이용하여 지진취약도 해석을 수행하였다. 지진취약도 해석에서는 최우도법을 사용하여 손상초과확률을 계산하였고, 계측지진파의 지진강도 범위가 지진취약도 곡선에 미치는 영향을 해석적으로 검토하였다. 예측된 해석결과, 실제 교량의 물리적인 손상상태를 반영할 수 있는 합리적인 지진취약도 해석 및 내진성능평가를 위해서는 계측지진파의 지진강도 범위가 매우 중요함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.331-342
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• 2005

This paper presents a non-destructive evaluation (NDE) technique for detecting damages on a jointed steel plate on the basis of the time of flight and wavelet coefficient, obtained from wavelet transforms of Lamb wave signals. Support vector machines (SVMs), which is a tool for pattern classification problems, was applied to the damage estimation. Two kinds of damages were artificially introduced by loosening bolts located in the path of the Lamb waves and those out of the path. The damage cases were used for the establishment of the optimal decision boundaries which divide each damage class's region from the intact class. In this study, the applicability of the SVMs was investigated for the damages in and out of the Lamb wave path. It has been found that the present methods are very efficient in detecting the damages simulated by loose bolts on the jointed steel plate.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2005

서울시 모델 구역의 건축물을 대상으로 가상 시나리오 지진에 의한 피해를 추정하였다. 다양한 주거 및 구조 특성을 대표할 수 있고 지반 증폭 효과를 고려할 수 있는 지역을 모델 구역으로 선정하였다. 모델 구역 내 건축물은 구조 형식에 따라 11 종류로 분류하였으며 HAZUS에서 제시한 값을 사용하여 역량 곡선(capacity curve)과 취약도 곡선(fragility curve)을 생성하였다. 가상 시나리오 지진의 지반 운동은 인공 지진 운동 생성 방법을 사용하여 생성하였으며 모델 구역을 표토층 두께에 따라 3개의 구역으로 나누고 지반응답해석을 수행하였다. 건축물의 피해 확률은 역량 스펙트럼 방법과 취약도 곡선을 사용하여 계산하였다. 최종적으로 GIS 데이터베이스를 활용하여 모델 구역 내 건축물의 전반적 피해 정도를 추정하였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.303-316
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• 2023

Rapid post-earthquake damage estimation of subway stations is particularly necessary to improve short-term crisis management and safety measures of urban subway systems after a destructive earthquake. The conventional Performance-Based Earthquake Engineering (PBEE) framework with constant earthquake occurrence rate is invalid to estimate the aftershock risk because of the time-varying rate of aftershocks and the uncertainty of mainshock-damaged state before the occurrence of aftershocks. This study presents a time-varying probabilistic seismic risk assessment framework for underground structures considering mainshock and aftershock hazards. A discrete non-omogeneous Markov process is adopted to quantify the time-varying nature of aftershock hazard and the uncertainties of structural damage states following mainshock. The time-varying seismic risk of a typical rectangular frame subway station is assessed under mainshock-only (MS) hazard and mainshock-aftershock (MSAS) hazard. The results show that the probabilities of exceeding same limit states over the service life under MSAS hazard are larger than the values under MS hazard. For the same probability of exceedance, the higher response demands are found when aftershocks are considered. As the severity of damage state for the station structure increases, the difference of the probability of exceedance increases when aftershocks are considered. PSDR=1.0% is used as the collapse prevention performance criteria for the subway station is reasonable for both the MS hazard and MSAS hazard. However, if the effect of aftershock hazard is neglected, it can significantly underestimate the response demands and the uncertainties of potential damage states for the subway station over the service life.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 1999년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Spring
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• pp.300-307
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• 1999

신경망기법을 이용한 구조물접합부의 손상평가기법을 제안하였다. 신경망기법의 성능을 개선하기 위하여 노이즈첨가학습을 수행하였으며 효과적인 손상평가를 위하여 부분구조추정법 및 data perturbation scheme을 도입하였다. 10층 프레임구조물에 대한 수치해석과 2층 프레임구조물에 대한 실험연구를 통하여 제안기법을 검증하였다 계측지점이 부분구조로 제한되고 계측자료가 노이즈를 포함하는 경우에는 제안기법이 효과적으로 적용될수 있음을 알 수 있었으며 실험을 통하여 실제 구조물에 대한 제안기법의 적용성을 평가힐 수 있었다.