• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.151-162
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose two selection procedures for selecting populations better than a control population. The bestness is defined in terms of location parameter. One of the procedures is based on two-sample linear rank statistics whereas the other one is based on a comparatively simple statistic, and is useful when testing time is expensive so that an early termination of an experiment is desirable. The proposed selection procedures are seen to be strongly monotone. Performance of the proposed procedures is assessed through simulation study.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.435-441
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• 2000

Ko(1998, 1999) proposed certain flexible two-stage plans that could be served as one-step interim analysis in on-going clinical trials. The proposed Plans are optimal simultaneously in both a Bayes and a Neyman-Pearson sense. The Neyman-Pearson interpretation is that average expected sample size is being minimized, subject just to the two overall error rates $\alpha$ and $\beta$, respectively of first and second kind. The Bayes interpretation is that Bayes risk, involving both sampling cost and wrong decision losses, is being minimized. An example of this correspondence are given by using a binomial setting.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.389-396
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• 1999

Pregnant rats were treated at various stages of gestation with prostaglandin analogue, cloprostenol alone or concomitant with HCG to study effects on termination of gestation and plasma estrogen and progesterone. Cloprostenol (90 or 180 mg/kg) was administered alone on 1~3, 4~6, 7~9, 9~11 or 11~13 consecutive days of gestation twice a day and in combination with HCG (50 or 100 IU/day) on days of 1~3 or 7~9 once a day. Rats were autopsied on day 21 of gestation or at 6, 12 or 24 hours after treatment on day 6 or 9, respectively. Cloprostenol was found to be nearly 100% effective in preventing implantation, destroying viable fetuses and causing preimplantation losses, but in early gestation, on days 1-3, there was little effect. And when cloprostenol administered concomitant with HCG, corpora lutea were significantly increased, implantation sites and viable fetuses significantly decreased, and pre-and post-implantation losses significantly increased in most cases. Plasma concentrations of estradiol and progesterone were significantly decreased by administering cloprostenol, and estradiol concentration significantly decreased but progesterone significantly increased by administering of cloprostenol concomitant with HCG. It is suggested that cloprostenol was more effective in terminating pregnancy than a combination of cloprostenol and HCG in the rat.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.333-341
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• 2014

Multi-view video is obtained by capturing one three-dimensional scene with many cameras at different positions. Multi-view video coding requires high computational complexity. To reduce computational complexity and maintain the image quality, an effective early termination motion estimation method is proposed in this paper. The proposed method exploiting the characteristic of motion vector distribution uses a hierarchical search strategy. This strategy method consists of multi-grid square search pattern, modified diamond search pattern, small diamond search pattern and raster search pattern. Experiment results show that the speedup improvement of the proposed method over TZ search method and FS(Full Search) method JMVC (Joint Multiview Video Coding) can be up to 1.7~4.5 times and 90 times faster respectively while maintaining similar video quality and bit rates.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.50 no.7
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• pp.159-166
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• 2013

This paper proposes an efficient loop accelerator for a motion estimation specific instruction-set processor. ME algorithms in nature contain complex and multiple loop operations. To support efficient hardware (HW) loop operations, this paper introduces four loop instructions and their specific HW architecture. The simulation results show that the proposed loop accelerator can reduce about 29% average instruction cycles for ME early-termination schemes compared with typical implementation having a combination of compare and conditional jump instructions. The proposed loop accelerator of the motion estimation specific instruction-set processor can significantly reduce the number of program memory accesses and greatly save power consumption. Hence, it can be quite suitable for low power and flexible ME implementation.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.38-60
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• 1989

The present analysis was undertaken to find out the relationships between birth weight & Apgar Score of newborn infant & maternal factors. The medical records of 1436 newborn infants who had been at the Korea University III Seoul from January. 1.1984. to December. 31. 1985, were examined. Measurements include weight and Apgar Score. As the possible factors influencing the birth weight & Apgar Score of newborn infant, 9 variables such as : mother's age, frequency ·of pregnancy, frequency of fullterm delivery, frequency. of premature, frequency of abortion, mother's hemoglobin level, complications during pregnancy gestational period and infant sex at birth were selected among the items recorded in the medical records of newborn infants and their mothers. The weight & Apgar Score of newborn infants were compared separately by sex with group percent of those variables. The results were summarized as follows: 1. All of those factors chosen are supposed to be influencing upon the birth weight and Apgar Score examined at birth indirectly through inducing early termination of pregnancy. 2. The most influencing variable of birth weight of newborn infants was gestation period. The most influencing variable of Apgar Score of infant newborn was gestation period. 3. The relationships of those influencing factors are more clear on the birth weights of newborn than on the Apgar Score. 4. More then half of low birth weight infants are turned out to be physiologically normal through the evaluation by Apgar Scoring. Conclusively, All of those factors chosen are supposed to be influencing upon the birth weight and apgar score examined at birth indirectly through inducing early termination of pregnancy.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.3018-3038
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• 2020

In the stereoscopic or multiview display, the depth video illustrates visual distances between objects and camera. To promote the computational efficiency of depth video encoder, we exploit the intra prediction of depth videos under Versatile Video Coding (VVC) and observe a diverse distribution of intra prediction modes with different coding unit sizes. We propose a hybrid scheme to further boost fast depth video coding. In the first stage, we adaptively predict the HADamard (HAD) costs of intra prediction modes and initialize a candidate list according to the HAD costs. Then, the candidate list is further improved by considering the probability distribution of candidate modes with different CU sizes. Finally, early termination of CU splitting is performed at each CU depth level based on the Bayesian theorem. Our proposed method is incorporated into VVC intra prediction for fast coding of depth videos. Experiments with 7 standard sequences and 4 Quantization parameters (Qps) validate the efficiency of our method.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.356-363
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• 2016

Human papillomavirus (HPV), a non-enveloped, double-stranded DNA tumor virus, is a primary etiological agent of cervical cancer development. As a potential tool for prophylactic vaccination, the development of virus-like particles (VLPs) containing the HPV16 L1 capsid protein is highly desired. In this study, we developed a high-level expression system of the HPV16 L1 in Escherichia coli for the purpose of VLP development. The native gene of HPV16 L1 has many rare codons that cause the early termination of translation and result in the production of truncated forms. First, we optimized the codon of the HPV16 L1 gene to the preferable codons of E. coli, and we succeeded in producing the full-size HPV16 L1 protein without early termination. Next, to find the best host for the production of HPV16 L1, we examined a total of eight E. coli strains, and E. coli BL21(DE3) with the highest yield among the strains was selected. With the selected host-vector system, we did a fed-batch cultivation in a lab-scale bioreactor. Two different feeding solutions (complex and defined feeding solutions) were examined and, when the complex feeding solution was used, a 6-fold higher production yield (4.6 g/l) was obtained compared with that with the defined feeding solution.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 1989

Non-diapausing larvae and diapausing pupae of Pieris rapae L. were treated with 20-HE and JH, and the concentration of 20-HE and JH in body were also measured to determine mechanisms of diapause induction and termination. When early last instar larvae of non-diapausing stage were injected with 20-HE or JH-I, diapause was not induced in both cases. 20-HE concentration of pre-diapausing last instar larvae was very low, and 20-HE peak of non-diapausing two-day-old pupae was not present in diapausing pupae. There was no difference in concentration of JH-I between diapausing and non-diapausing stages. When early and late diapausing pupae were injected with 20-HE, JH-I, or JH-III. diapause was terminated by 0.1-0.5 $\mu$g of 20-HE, but not by JH-I, or JH-III. The above results indicate that diapause of Pieris rapae was induced by decrease of 20-HE concentration and also terminated by gradual accumulation of 20-HE during diapause process.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.40.1-40.1
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• 2017

Massive early-type galaxies (ETG) have been spectroscopically confirmed up to z>3 which, together with their ages and abundances at z>1.5, implies that their progenitors must have converted gas into stars on short timescales. The termination of star formation in these galaxies can occur through several channels, but they remain largely conjectural, in part due to the current lack of direct measurements of the amount of residual gas in high redshift ETGs. Here I will present constraints on the star formation rate and dust/gas content of z=1.4-2.5 ETGs. These galaxies, close to their epoch of quenching, contained more than 2 orders of magnitude more dust than their local counterparts, which suggests the presence of substantial amounts of gas and a low star formation efficiency.