• Plant Resources
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2002

The heading date is known to be controlled by two kinds of genetic constituent, photosensitivity and basic vegetable phase. For the latter, the effect of temperature in early growth period is critical to determine the shortness of vegetative growth periods in plant's life. A phytotron experiment on 55 rice cultivars, consisting of two ecotypes of rices, indica and japonica, was conducted at high and low temperature treatments at early growth stage to investigate the possible role of plant growth stimulus by high temperature to associate with shortening of heading date. The high temperature during the early growth stage stimulated the rice growth as measured by plant height with much difference of the growth response between indica and japonica. The conclusive finding that these growth stimulus in early growth stage was highly correlated with the acceleration of heading is, more or less, correlated with the heading of the late growth stage although we could not conclude the genes for early plant growth stimulus by high temperature is the same genes as the genes for accelerating of heading in the late growth stage of plants.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.468-472
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• 2001

출수 조.만에 따른 보리의 생육 및 수량변화를 알고자 최근 맥류 작황 24년('76~'99)자료와 그 중 출수기가 빨랐던 해와 늦었던 해를 추출하여 생육 및 수량과의 관계를 분석하였다. 1. 출수 조.만 그룹사이의 차이는 2월과 3월의 적산온도에 기인하며 특히 2월의 적산온도 차이에 고도의 유의성이 있었다. 2. 10월부터 12월까지의 적산온도가 $650^{\circ}C$ 정도되면 평년정도로 출수하고 62$0^{\circ}C$이하이면 출수 지연, 67$0^{\circ}C$이상이면 조기출수할 것이며 2월까지는 72$0^{\circ}C$되면 평년정도의 출구기일 것이고, $650^{\circ}C$이하이면 출수지연, 78$0^{\circ}C$이상이면 조기출수할 것으로 분석되었다. 3. 출수가 빨라지는 해의 온도유형을 분류하면 월동전 고온형, 월동기~재생기 고온형, 전생육기 고온형으로 나타났다. 4. 출수가 늦어지는 해는 월동~재생기 저온형과 3월 저온형으로 나뉘어졌다. 5. 출수기가 빠른 경우는 구분이 어려웠지만 출수기가 늦은 해는 월동기의 생육기간이 긴 형과 분얼기에 생육기간이 긴형, 전체 생육기간이 긴 형으로 나누어졌다. 6. 출수가 빠른 해의 수량이 출수가 늦은 해보다 많았는데 이는 수수의 증가에 기인한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 1996

The experiment was conducted to inxvestigate matter production ability and growth characteristic variation for Italian ryegrass seed of introduced variety and the different seed production time of the next generation in paddy field at Iksan and Kyehwa experiment field from 1987 to 1988. Germination rate is good at seed production of 35 days before and after heading with introducced variety. Also, Early growth before wintering, dead leaf rate and regenerating day is same tendendy. Panicle numbers per hill like that and heading date is for 15~20 days after heading seed is late about three days, but 35 days before and after heading seed is early about one day. Fresh and drymatter yield at the different cutting time shows decrease in 15~25 days after heading seed but 35 days before and after heading seed is same or increase trend, it's notable at Kyehwa paddy field in reclaimed land. In case of feed value according to cutting time differ little against introduced seed.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.653-660
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• 2012

This study classified paddy fields according to rice varieties and monitored temporal changes in rice growth using SAR backscatter coefficients (${\sigma}^{\circ}$). A growing period time-series of backscatter coefficients was set up for nine fine-beam mode RADARSAT-1 SAR images from April to October 2005. The images were compared with field-measured rice growth parameters such as leaf area index (LAI), plant height, fresh and dry biomass, and water content in grain and plants for 45 parcels in Dangjin-gun, Chungnam Province, South Korea. The average backscatter coefficients for early-maturing rice varieties (13 parcels) ranged from -18.17 dB to -6.06 dB and were lower than those for medium-late maturing rice varieties during most of the growing season. Both crops showed the highest backscatter coefficient values at the heading stage (late July) for early-maturing rice, and the difference was greatest before harvest for early-maturing rice. The temporal difference in backscatter coefficients between rice varieties may play a key role in identifying early-maturing rice fields. On the other hand, comparisons with field-measured parameters of rice growth showed that backscatter coefficients decreased or remained on a plateau after the heading stage, even though the growth of the rice canopy had advanced.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.172-172
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• 2022

The heading response of 40 genotypes, originated from South Korea, North Korea, and northern China, was tested under the temperature and day-length conditions of thirteen major rice production area in North Korea, with aims to select adaptable varieties to the given environment and crop period for each region. To simulate regional environment, seven-day mean temperature with 10℃ daily temperature range and day-length for each region were imposed at a weekly interval in the walk-in phytotrons. Olbyeo1, Olbyeo2 and Sonbong9 originated from North Korea, Kenjiandao3 and Nongdae3 from northern China, and Joun from South Korea demonstrated the earliest heading stage depending on the regional environment. Thirty-four varieties reached heading stage within the regional safe marginal heading date (SMHD) under Haeju and Sariwon conditions while 16-17 varieties reached the stage under Wonsan, Changjon, Supung, and Yongyon environment. Some of the middle and mid-late maturing varieties originated from South Korea could reach heading stage within SMHD under the temperature and day-length conditions of Kaesong, Haeju, Sariwon, Nampo, and Pyongyang located in west-southern plain. Majority of early maturing varieties, but not middle or mid-late ones, showed heading stage within SMHD under the conditions of Singye, Anju, Kusong and Sinuiju. Only some early maturing varieties demonstrated heading stage within SMHD under Yongyon, Changjon and Wonsan environment. These results provide basic information on the varieties able to complete their normal life cycle under the regional environment in North Korea. It it further suggested that yield performance of the selected varieties for each region in this study be tested to select high yielding rice varieties adaptable to North Korean environment.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.254-260
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• 1984

본 시험은 소맥 조숙품종 육성을 위한 기초 연구로서 소맥 60품종을 국내 4개소(수원, 이리, 밀양, 무안)에 공시하여 출수기와 성숙기 및 숙기에 관여하는 내적 요인인 파성, 광주반응. 협의의 조만성 및 내한성을 조사하였으며, 또한 간장 등 일반특성 및 수량구성형질과 조숙성과의 관계를 분석하였던 바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 소맥의 출수, 성숙기는 품종 및 지역간에 고도의 유의성을 보이나 품종과 지역의 교호작용에는 유의성이 없어 품종 자체의 조만성에 따라 어느 지역에서도 안정된 반응을 보였다. 2. 등숙일수는 출수, 성숙기와 같이 어느 지역에서도 안정된 반응을 보였으나 조숙품종군들은 지역간에, 만숙품종군들은 품종간에 고도의 유의한 차이를 보였다. 3. 파성정도가 낮을수록 출수 및 성숙기가 다소빠른 경향을 보였다. 4. 소맥의 출수기의 조만은 협의의 조만성, 광주반응, 파성. 내한성 및 등숙일수 등이 관여하나 파성 및 내한성은 조숙품종들과, 광주반응 및 등숙일수는 만숙품종들과 더 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 5. 4개 시험지 각각에서 출수기에 가장 크게 기여하는 내적 요인은 협의의 조만성과 파성이었음이 확인되었으며, 내한성은 출수기와도 고도의 부의 상관관계를 보였다. 6. 소맥의 출수 및 성숙기가 빠를수록 간장 및 절간장이 짧았는데 이는 만숙품종군보다 조숙품종군에서 더 현저하였다. 7. 출수 및 성숙기는 용적중 및 월동전 경수와 부의 상관을, 그리고 일수입수와는 정상관을 보였다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.333-336
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• 1999

사과 품종 '후지'와 '조나골드'의 2년생 가지상에 발생한 신초에 대하여 5월 초순부터 7월 중순까지 약 12일 간격으로 기부에 5엽을 남기고 각각 절단전정을 실시한 결과, 절단한 가지상에 2차 생장이 이루어졌으며 절단전정의 시기와 관계없이 '후지'가 '조나골드'에 비하여 더 왕성한 2차 생장을 나타내었다. 그러나 각 품종에서의 2차 생장은 절단전정의 시기에 따라 다르게 나타나 '후지'의 경우 5월 초순이나 7월에 실시하였을 때보다 5월 중순 또는 6월에 실시하였을 때 더 왕성하였으며 '조나골드'의 경우에는 5월 중순까지의 전정에서는 2차 생장이 전혀 일어나지 않았으며 5월 하순 이후의 전정에 의해 2차 생장을 나타내었다. 하계 절단전정에 의하여 형성 된 정화아로부터 이듬해에 개화와 착과도 이루어졌다. 대체적으로 '조나골드'에 비하여 '후지'가 절단전정에 의한 정화아 형성률이 높은 경향 이었으며 '후지'는 5월 하순, '조나골드'는 6월 중순에 절단전정을 실시하였을 때 가장 높은 정화아 형성률을 나타내었다. 형성된 단과지로부터의 개화는 두 품종 모두 비슷하였으나 착과율은 '조나골드'보다 '후지'에서 다소 높게 나타났으며 각 품종에서의 착과율은 하계 절단전정의 시기에 따라 달라지지 않는 경향이었다. 따라서 하계절단전정은 품종에 따라 그 생장 특성에 맞게 시기를 달리하여야 효과적임이 구명되었다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.195-202
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• 1993

This experiment was carried out to investigate the eft'ects of different seeding dates on the agronomic characteristics, forage yield and quality of fall sown cats(Avena sativa L.). The experiment was conducted at the forage experimental field, Seoul National University. Suweon in 1990. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. Present data indicated that plant and ear heights were decreased as the seeding date was delayed. Dry matter accumulation was increased due to the higher plant and ear heights. 1. When oats was seeded on August 20. the first heading and 50% heading dates were recorded on October 4 and 15, respectively. And when oats was seeded on August 25. the first heading and 5 0'!4 heading dates were observed on October 13 and 18. respectively. As seeding date was delayed for one day. the heading date was delayed for two days. 3. The dry mattcr percentage of oats seeded on August 20 was 20.1%, but that of oats seeded after August 10 was 15.1 to 16.7%. 4. According to the contents of CP. ADF and NDF, oats seeded on August 20 and 25 was evaluated to be the 3rd or 4th grade hay. and the other oats sceded after August 15 was recorded the 2nd or 3rd grade hay as proposed by AFGC. 5. There are no significant dry matter yield differences among the seeding dates of oats such as August 20, 25 and 30. but a significant yield difference was recorded between oats seeded in August and September. The same trend as the dry matter yield was observed in in vitro digestible dry matter and crude protein yields of oats seeded in August and September. According to the results. early seeding of early matuaring oats may be a better option than late seeding after August 30 for silage or hay production following silage corn harvest in the middle northern area of Korea.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.35-41
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• 1983

This research is mainly to deal with the effects of submergence treatment on the grain yields of two rice plants, local variety, "Akibare" and Tongil line variety, "Milyang 23". The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. According to the rice products of each plot the grain yield index was smallest in the plot treated at the early heading stage. The index of the next order became smaller in order of late flowering stage, late reduction division stage, milk ripe stage and dough ripe stage etc. The submerged stage at which the damages were smallest was tillering stage. Under the condition of two thirds or one third submerged depth of plant height, few differences in the grain yield index between Milyang 23 and Akibare was found, but except rooting stage, the damages of milyang 23 by whole submergence during growing period were mostly greater than those of Akibare. Especially the grain yield index of early heading stage at which the damages by whole submergence was most serious showed 45 percentage for one day submergence, 31 percentage for 3 days and 0.7 percentage for 7 days in Akibare plots, and 26.7% percentage for one day submergence, 7.9 percentage for 3 days and none for 7 days in Milyang 23 plots. 2. All the factors such as submerged stage, submerged depth and submerged period in this experimental test were highly recognized significance. The factors of the submerged depth and duration influenced on greater damages than the others. According to the difference in grain yield between plots, the larger the submerged depth and duration were, the larger the significant difference appeared. And between the treated levels at other submerged stages except both early tillering stage and most active tillering stage, the significance in the differences in grain yield was recognized, while only the submergence at early heading stage showed the most serious damages. 3. The decreased rate of grain yield for one day submergence at early heading stage indicated that in case of whole submergence of plant height it was 73 percentage in Milyang 23 plot and 55 percentage in Akibare plot, and in the event of two thirds and one third submergences of it, 20 percentage and 10 percentage in both Mulyang 23 and Akibare plots respectively. Therefore, the current criteria for planning project that restricted allowable submergence duration of more than 30cm submerged depth to 24 hours, should be amended not to exceed the submerged depth of 60cm when the duration of more than allowable submerged depth of 30cm will be limited to 24 hours, or within the limits of 12 hour submerged duration for locai variety and of less than 12 hour duration for Tong-illine variety as long as possible in case that submerged depth will be allowed to more than 60cm depth.ore than 60cm depth.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.441-448
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• 2012

극만기 벼 재배시 적응 품종을 선택할 때 7월 30일 전후의 이앙시기에서 불시출수 현상을 보이지 않으면서 적당한 출엽수를 확보하는 품종 특성을 구비해야 하는데 금오벼1호나 만종벼는 후기작 이앙시기에서도 출엽수 감소가 적고 규칙적인 출엽 양상을 보여 극만기 벼 재배시기에 안정적인 재배가 가능하였다. 관행 벼육묘상자 육묘에 비해 포트육묘로 벼의 생육단계를 진전시켜 이앙하면 후기작에서 출수기까지 1~3일의 생육기간이 단축되었다. 벼 폿트육묘상자를 이용했을 때와 좀더 공간이 큰 폿트육묘 상자를 이용하여 초기 벼 생육을 높여도 출수기 단축효과는 2일 이내로 크지 않았다. 따라서 벼 육묘상자와 폿트육묘의 출수기 단축효과는 초기 생육단계의 차이보다 이앙후 뿌리가 잘리지 않아 생기는 빠른 활착효과 때문으로 추정된다. $800^{\circ}C$ 이상의 등숙온도가 확보되는 출수시기는 익산은 9월 12일이었다. 폿트육묘를 할 경우 출수기가 1~3일 빨라지기 때문에 출수 후 50일간 평균온도가 조금 높아지는 결과를 얻었는데, 7월 26일 이앙에서는 $20^{\circ}C$에 근접한 온도가 유지되었고, 7월 31일에는 $19^{\circ}C$전후, 8월 5일에는 $17.5{\sim}18.0^{\circ}C$로 5일간 이앙시기가 지연됨에 따라서 등숙기 평균온도는 $1^{\circ}C$ 정도씩 저하되었다. 극만기 벼 재배에서 폿트육묘후 이앙한 경우 수량이 증대하였다. 폿트육묘하여 이앙하는 경우는 각 주별 식물체가 1~3개로 육묘상자로 육묘한 경우보다 적어 짧은 생육기간에 적정 수수를 확보하기 어려웠다. 따라서 폿트육묘로 후기작 재배시에는 재식밀도를 높여야 수량 증대 효과를 크게 얻을 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.