• Plant Resources
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2002

The heading date is known to be controlled by two kinds of genetic constituent, photosensitivity and basic vegetable phase. For the latter, the effect of temperature in early growth period is critical to determine the shortness of vegetative growth periods in plant's life. A phytotron experiment on 55 rice cultivars, consisting of two ecotypes of rices, indica and japonica, was conducted at high and low temperature treatments at early growth stage to investigate the possible role of plant growth stimulus by high temperature to associate with shortening of heading date. The high temperature during the early growth stage stimulated the rice growth as measured by plant height with much difference of the growth response between indica and japonica. The conclusive finding that these growth stimulus in early growth stage was highly correlated with the acceleration of heading is, more or less, correlated with the heading of the late growth stage although we could not conclude the genes for early plant growth stimulus by high temperature is the same genes as the genes for accelerating of heading in the late growth stage of plants.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.95-114
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• 1991

This paper was designed to estimate the interaction of the first productivity, light conditions and to analyze the ecophysiological productivity, growth characteristics grown under various shading conditions in Zoysia japonica . The results summarized this experiment were as follows; 1.After transplanting the grass, increasing rate of leaf number and total leaf length was remarkahly high at the early growth stage in the control and the 30% shading plot. 2.The increasing rate of leaf area ratio (LA R) in all the experimental plot was remarkable high at the early growth stage after transplanting the grass. Especially, the control and 30% shading plot in compared with another plots, were remarkably high at rate of leaf area. 3.The length and the node number of rhizome in the control and 30% shading plot were also high and the difference was significantly large by the growth stage. 4.Chlorophyll content was very high at 36days after transplanting and then decreased. Increasing rate of shade resulted in its low content. The rate of chlorophyll a to b was decreased by in-creasing rate of shade. 5.The content of soluble sugar in the control and 30% shading plot was low at the early growth after transplanting and high at the late growth stage. Its content in the plot of 70% shading was remarkably low throughout the growth stage. 6.The increasing rate of standing plant in all the experimental plots was high at the early growth stage after transplanting. Increasing rate of shade was typically low through all the growth stage.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.970-972
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• 2013

We examined the relative growth of Microstomus achne during early life stages of laboratory-reared larvae and juveniles. Turning points in the relative growth of preanal length and upper jaw length against total length occurred during the settlement period (11.12-19.91 mm in total length). However, turning points in the relative growth of head length and eye diameter, as compared to total length, occurred during metamorphosis (17.57-22.47 mm in total length). Our results suggest that Microstomus achne concentrates its energy on the feeding apparatus (jaw) and digestive organs (intestine) rather than sensory or neural organs (eye, head) during early larval stage growth.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the interaction between productivity and light condition and to analyze the material productivity and productive charactaristics under different hours of light in Zoysia japonica. 1. Rate increasement of leaf number and total leaf length was remarkably high at the early growth stage in the control and 9 hour light treatment. The rate gradually decreased as growth proceeded. But 3 hour treatment was very low in the rate from its early growth stage through the whole test period. 2. The increasing rate of leaf area ratio (LAR) in all the experimental plots was remarkably high at the early growth stage after transplanting the grass. The shorter photoperiod resulted remarkable lower increasement of LAR. 3. The rhizome growth rate of the 9 hour photoperiod was high contrast to the 3 hour photoperiod treatment. The increasing rate of node number was also showed similar trend. 4. Chlorophyll content was very high at the 36 days after transplanting and then decreased gradually. Chlorophyll content on 3 hours photoperiod plot severely decreased. The ratio of chlorophyll a to b was decreased significantly at short day treatment. 5. The content of soluble sugar was increased at shorter photoperiod. The highest ratio of sugar content was on August, 28 by HPLC method. Such a result was attributed to accumulation of sugar in spite of low synthesis of ploysacchrides, translocation by low consumption. 6. The increasing rate of standings in all light treatment was high at the early growth stage after transplanting. Short photoperiod treatment by 3hour showed especially low prganic productivity on Zoysia japonica.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.125-153
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• 2000

This study empirically examined the relationships between the growth stage of ventures and their business characteristics such as KSFs, environmental attributes, CEO roles, and utilization of external resources, based on data from 2,515 Korean ventures. ANOVA results of this study revealed that 1) Key success factors appeared different across the different growth stage of Korean ventures. Financial resources were most critical in the early stage of growth, while the foreign technology licensing appeared to be most important for the success of ventures at later growth stage; 2) As the Korean ventures grew, their environments became more dynamic and hostile; 3) Strategic and external activity roles of top management were critical in younger ventures, while roles for marketing and production were important in older ventures; and 4) Utilization of external resources were more frequent at the later stage of ventures than at the early stage of growth. Based on the research, this study offered several managerial, theoretical, and policy implications.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.225-236
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• 1990

We studied that seeds of wild radish with different size of weight can be obtained for the purpose of differentiation and growth of these seeds by total growth periods. This study is practised a view of plant eco-physiological side and dry-matter production. Through whole growth periods, we knowthat seed weight of L plots was higher than that of M and S plots. In the 33th day after day after germination, growth values of L, M and S plots were 13.93, 7.77, and 4.61 g/plant, respectively. Growth of shoot (cotyledon and leaf) area and shoot weight were shown the similar trends with individual plant dry-amtter weight. In the 33th day after germination, shoot area of L, M and S plots were 21.55, 11.81 and 8.75 $cm^3$/plant and shoot dry weight of L, M and S plots were 10.83, 6.03, 3.50 g/plant, respectively. In the early stage of growth (the 10-14th day after germination), the values of RGR of seed weight of L, M, S plots were 0.2887, 0.2807 and 0.2365 g/g/day, in the late stage of growth, those values of RGR of L, M, S plote were 0.2721, 0.1716, 0.1727 g/g/day, respectively. In the early stage of growth (the 14th day after germination), the values of NAR or L, M and S plots were 0.1513, 0.1373, and 0.1094 g/$cm^2$/day, respectively. It is thought that seed weights were influenced seriously effect in the early stage of growth. The NAR value, in the late stage of growth (the-28-33th day after germination), of L, M and S plots were not large different as 0.1086, 0.1097 and 0.112 g/$cm^2$/day, respectively. The LAR values of M and S (2.0396, 2.1520 $m^2$/g) plots, in the early stage of growth, were higher than L (1.9037 $m^2$/g) plots. In the late stage of growth, the value of LAR of L plots were nearly same as M plots, but the value of S plots were higher than that of L and M plots (0.0458 $m^2$/g). And, in the early stage of growth, the values of SLA of L, M and S plots were 2.2123, 2.2107 and 2.8448 $m^2$/g, respectively. We measured the photosynthetic rates and the respiratory rates as the physiological characteristics of wild radish. In the early stage of growth, the photosynthetic rates of L, M and S plots were 12.4, 14.4, 9.8 $\mu$mol /$m^2$/sec and 9.4, 11.4, 9.8 $\mu$mol/$m^2$ /sec in the late stage of growth, respectively. In this result, it could be informed that photosynthetic rates in the late stage of growth were lower than the early stage. In the middle stage of growth, the respiratory rates were 0.793, $\mu$mol/$m^2$/min in shoot, and 3.28 $\mu$mol/$m^2$/min in root without relation to seed weight. The growth analysis of plants was used by Hunt & Parson s computer program (1974, 1981) and its results used this program were good. Therefore, in this sense, it could be expected that the computer program used and developed largely in researches of plant growth.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.79-91
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• 2011

This study divided school age by considering a change in the stage of body growth by age in elementary schoolgirls with the use of body scan data, and considered by comparing body size characteristics by school age. Elementary schoolgirls' body shape cannot be divided clearly. However, ages 7-10 were bound into the same group for the majority of girth, width, and thickness items. 7-8 years old, 9-10 years old, and 11-12 years old were bound into the same group in most items except ages 9 and 10 for the height item. Thus, significant difference was indicated between groups. Accordingly, this study divided the school age into three periods such as early stage(ages 7-8), middle stage(ages 9-10), and late stage(ages 11-12) in consideration of the stages for elementary schoolgirls' body-shape growth. As a result of analyzing body size according to division of school age, the higher school age leads to continuous growth. The notable growth was indicated especially in the middle stage and late stage. Examining centering on typical items related to the clothing construction, there was notable increase in waist thickness and hip thickness between early and middle stages and in height, weight, breast girth, waist circumference, back length, breast width, and waist width between middle and late stages. On the other hand, hip circumference, hip width, breast thickness, and length between shoulder edges were indicated to grow relatively and evenly among early, middle, and late stages. The lateral form was shown a clear difference in the forms of early, middle, and late stages in height and length of the whole body shape and in side thickness. The early and middle stages belong to body shape that abdomen is projected to be curved. The late stage showed right body shape which is straight and stable form in posture.

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 1995년도 춘계 총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.1-4
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• 1995

The microstructure of polymer membranes produced via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) of polymer solutions is a strong function of both the early-stage (by spinodal decomposition or nucleation & growth) and the late-stage phase separation (referred to in general as coarsening). In the case of early stage effects, the membrane morphology resulting from a nucleation & growth mechanism is either a poorly interconnecsed, stringy, beady structure which is mechanically fragile or a well interconnected structure with highly nonuniform pore sizes. In contrast, spinodal decomposition results in a well interconnected, mechanically strong membrane with highly uniform pore sizes. Here I describe recent quantitative studies of the coarsening effects on the microstructure of membranes produced via TIPS process. The dependence of microstructure on coarsening time, quench depth, solution viscosity, and polymer molecular weight was investigated in order to distinguish among three possible coarsening mechanisms, Ostwald ripening, coalescence, and hydrodynamic flow, which may be responsible for structural evolution after the early-stage phase Separation (spinodal decomposition or nucleation & growth).

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2020

This study aims to assess the effects of specimen thickness (ST) on fatigue crack growth in the early stages of crack propagation and near failure in magnesium alloys. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) method was adopted because fatigue crack propagation in magnesium alloys exhibits statistical behavior. The equality of variance test and residual diagnostics were performed on the grown cracks to confirm the validity of ANOVA by verifying the normal distribution and mutual independence of the residuals and their homoscedasticity. ANOVA confirmed that ST heavily impacts crack growth; i.e., when ST is smaller, cracks grow faster in the early crack propagation stage and break more quickly before the formation of larger cracks. We found that ST significantly affects fatigue crack growth in the early crack propagation stage and near the failure stage in magnesium alloys. The regression model was also used to predict crack formation near the failure stage.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.150-154
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• 2009

The diversity of microflora according to growth stage of Pleurotus ostreatus and the correlation between microbe and medium fermentation were investigated. In farmhouse I, the aerobic bacteria and fungi as longer of growing period were increased. And, thermophilic bacteria and fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. showed high density at the early stage of spawn inoculation. The thermophilic actinomycetes were distributed evenly during all the growing period, but mesophilic actinomycetes were not observed. In farmhouse II, thermophilic actinomycetes were not observed in fermented medium and density of fungi were suddenly increased at 60 days after spawn inoculation. And also, mushrooms can hardly be harvested due to Penicillium spp. After medium fermentation, density of aerobic bacteria, thermophilic bacteria, and fluorescent Pseudomonas sp. was higher at farmhouse I than those of farmhouse II. In farmhouse I, Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. dominated at early stage of mushroom growth but as time goes by, density of Bacillus sp. was higher than the others. And also, the kind of microbe showed a few at early stage of mushroom growth but increased as time goes by. In farmhouse II, Bacillus sp. was dominated at early stage of mushroom growth. And the growth of Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. showed intersect aspect each other in the farmhouse I but Bacillus sp. dominated during all growth periods in the farmhouse II.