• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.36-46
• /
• 1999

The mast cell plays a pivotal role in initiating allergic response by secreting intracytoplasmic granular mediators such as histamine. Magnoliae flos has been used for treatment of allergic disease in Korea. However, its effect in experimental models remains unknown. The present report describes an inhibitory effect of Magnoliae flos on mast cell-mediated immediate-type allergic reactions. Topical application of compound 48/80 can induce an ear swelling response in normal($WBB6F_1-+/+$) mice but not in the congenic mast cell-deficient $WBB6F_1-W/W^v$ mice. Magnoliae flos inhibited concentration-dependently mast cell-dependent ear swelling response induced by compound 48/80 by topical application. Magnoliae flos inhibited concentration-dependently passive cutaneous anaphylaxis induced by anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) IgE in rats by topical application. Magnoliae flos also inhibited concentration-dependently the histamine release from the rat peritoneal mast cells by compound 48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. Moreover, Magnoliae flos had a significant inhibitory effect on compound 48/80-induced systemic anaphylactic reaction. These results indicate that Magnoliae flos inhibits immediate-type allergic reactions by inhibition of mast cell degranulation in vivo and in vitro.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제48권3호
• /
• pp.149-154
• /
• 2022

Objectives: To measure tympanic bone thickness (anterior-superior, anterior-inferior, and inferior wall), external ear canal length, and tympanomandibular distance that can be useful in cases that undergo tympanic bone resection. Materials and Methods: The temporal computed tomography (CT) images of 349 patients were retrospectively evaluated. The anterior-inferior, anterior-superior, and inferior wall thicknesses; tympanomandibular distance; and external auditory canal (EAC) bone canal length were measured from the narrowest part of the canal. The shapes of the EAC in the coronal and sagittal planes were also examined. Results: The numbers of female and male patients were similar, and the mean age was 49.45±13.95 years. The anterior-superior, anterior-inferior, and inferior wall thicknesses were 1.92±0.60, 2.54±0.74, and 9.16±2.20 mm, respectively. The anterior-superior and anterior-inferior wall thicknesses and canal lengths were greater on the right side (P<0.001). All measurement values were higher in males, except right tympanomandibular distance (P<0.05). A non-significant negative correlation was found between the age of the participants and the left anterior-inferior wall and tympanomandibular distance on both sides. Intra-observer agreement was high for all measurements. We observed four main shapes in the external ear canal in the coronal plane: Type 3, Type 2, Type 1, and Type 4 in order of frequency on the right, and Type 2, Type 3, Type 1, and Type 4 on the left. In the sagittal plane, we detected three shapes: oval (74.4%), triangular (16.3%), and round (9.4%). Conclusion: The anterior wall thicknesses and tympanomandibular distance should be measured on preoperative temporal bone CT to safely perform tympanic bone anterior resection, which is required in some otological procedures, and also to prevent temporomandibular joint damage.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.151-158
• /
• 2011

1. 수수 성숙기에 간장 길이를 조사한 결과 6개체(12.2%) 가 300 cm 이상의 길이로 바이오매스가 우량한 것으로 파악되었으며, 10개체(20.4%)정도는 200~300 cm 사이의 평균 길이를 나타내었다. 2. 성숙기의 수수 줄기 직경에는 큰 차이를 보여준 개체는 없었으며, 대부분의 수수 수집종들은 $2.2{\pm}0.1$ cm 정도의 직경을 갖는 것으로 드러났다. 3. 본 연구에 시험한 수수 수집종들은 엽장이 60~70 cm 정도의 길이에 속하는 유전자원이 22 개체가 되는 것으로 나타났으며, 7개체는 70 cm 이상되는 것으로 나타났다. 4. 엽형은 49% 정도의 개체가 협단으로 분류되었고, 대부분의 엽맥색은 백색으로 나타났다. 5. 본 연구에 사용된 대부분의 수수의 수형은 반밀수 타원형이 많은 것으로 나타났으며, 수장은 평균적으로 20~30 cm에 달하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.36-43
• /
• 1978

양질 옥수수 육성을 위한 우량한 유전자원을 확보하기 위하여 전국적으로 수집한 총 940개의 재내종 옥수수 이삭에 대하여 주요 형태적 특성을 조사하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 한국재내종 옥수수의 이삭형태는 지역에 따라 달라 옥수수의 주산지인 북동부 산악지대에서는 원통형 내지는 원통형에 가까운 이삭 형태를 가졌고 그외 옥수수가 소규모로 재배되고 있는 남부평야지대에서 늘 원추형 내지는 원추형에 가까운 형태의 이삭이 많았다. 2. 수집종 가운데서 단색의 입색을 가진 이삭은 54.4％였고 그 외는 모두 여러가지 색의 입으로 혼합되어 있었다. 북부산악지대에서는 이삭의 색깔은 백색 혹은 백색을 주로하고 다른 색의 입과 혼합되었고 다른 지역에서 수집된 옥수수는 황색립과 다른 색깔의 입으로 혼색되어 있었다. 3. 수집된 옥수수 가운데서 불과 4.3％만이 마치종의 옥수수였고 그나머지는 모두 경립종이었다. 4. 재내종 옥수수 이삭의 열수는 12내지 16열이 대부분이었고 지역에 따른 큰 차리는 발견되지 않았다. 수집종 가운데 24열이나 되는 옥수수 이삭도 있었으나 입이 매우 소립이었다. 5. 수집종의 71％가 경립종이였고 연립종은 26％였다. 옥수수 주산지에서는 대개 경질성의 옥수수가 수집되었다. 6. 습열종 옥수수는 울릉도를 제외하고는 전국적으로 널리 수집되었으나 그의 용도는 튀김용으로 정말 이용되는지 의문시되었다. 왜냐하면 입이 너무나 적은 것이었기 때문이다. 찰옥수수는 전국에서 6％정도 수집되었으나 대부분 부산간지방에서 많이 수집되었다. 7. 이삭의 평균 길이와 직경은 각각 13cm, 3.3cm였는데 이들도 지역에 따라 매우 차이가 있었다. 8. 재래종의 평균 이삭무게는 58.ogr이었고 북동부 산간지역에서 수집된 옥수수가 타지역의 그것보다 컸다. 9. 이삭당 입중이나 100입중은 평균 47.1 gr과 15.1gr이었다. 이 역시 옥수수 주산지에서 수집된 옥수수가 다른 지역에서 수집된 옥수수 보다 줬다. 10. 수집된 재래종 옥수수의 평균 입의 길이나 폭두께는 각각 0.82cm, 0.42cm. 0.78cm 이었다. 이들 이삭이나 입의 특성은 현재 장려 재배되고 있는 것의 그것보다 훨씬 뒤떨어지는 것을 본문에서 고찰했다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 1977

In an attempt to evaluate working conditions and hazardous environmental factors, a survey on health problems was conducted for 721 employees from 18 industrial plants in Young Dung Po and Sung Dong districts of Seoul in the period from May 1975 to Feb, 1976. The questionnaire and survey was inclusive of all illnesses known as most common to industrial workers (according to the report by Korea Industrial Health Association) of this country and envi ronmental factors pointed out by the workers. The results were as following. 1. The over whelming majority of complaints were psychiatric, ear,eye, and digestive disorders. 2. Those whose work time is the longest have a propotionately higer incidence of complaints especially in eye,ear, neuromusculoskeletal, and neurosensory systems. 3. In females whose occupational history is relatively short, a higher incidence of digestive and skin section disorders was noted and this is especially true among those working in night shift. 4. Among machinery industry workers, most complaints were of eye, ear, and neuro musculoskeletal disturbances, and this fact seems to be closely related to physical over works. 5. Dust and noise were pointed out by the largest number of workers as undisirable conditions in work environment. 6. Distribution of complaints are closely related to the type of industry, and in comparison with the result reported by Korea Industrial Health Association in 1972, the prevalence rates of occupational disorder were similar in our study,

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.63-71
• /
• 2010

The spontaneous mutant circling mouse (cir/cir) shows a circling behavior and hearing loss. We produced transgenic mice overexpressing transmembrane inner ear (tmie) gene, the causative gene, for the phenotypic rescue of the circling mouse. Through the continuous breeding with circling mice, the cir/cir homozygous mice carrying the transgene (cir/cir-tg) were produced. The rescued cir/cir-tg mice were able to swim in the water with proper orientation and did not show any circling behavior like wild type mice. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis exhibited that the transgenic tmie was expressed in the inner ear. Inner and outer hair cells were recovered in the cochlea and spiral ganglion neurons were also recovered in the rescued mice. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) test demonstrated that the cir/cir-tg mice are able to respond to sound. This study demonstrates that tmie transgene can recover the hearing impairment and abnormal behavior in the circling mouse.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2000

Chronic headache is one of the most common symptoms of outpatients. There are many approaches to treat chronic headache, but it is difficult to be resolved completely. So analgesics-addicted patients are increased in numbers. Acupuncture and ear-acupuncture have been used for relief headache. But it is not sufficient to compare the effect of acupuncture on several chronic headache groups. Thus we investigate the effect of acupuncture and ear-acupuncture on several chronic headache groups and analgesics-abused groups. We researched 36 patients who were treated at Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Kyung Hee Medical Center from August 1998 to July 1999. The chronic headache patients were classified into tension-type headache group, migraine group and unclassified headache group by Guide of IHS. Each group was treated with acupuncture and ear-acupuncture. The effect was assessed through questionnaires and self-rating headache index.

• 복식문화연구
• /
• 제12권6호
• /
• pp.933-944
• /
• 2004

This study was aimed to provide the fundamental and various measurement data of the head and face for male children. Two hundred forty one male children, aged nine to twelve years, participated for this study. The 31 regions on the head and face of the subjects were directly measured by the expert experimenters. Through factor analysis, the six factors were extracted upon factor scores and those factors comprised $67.47\%$ for the total variances. The first factor was described the general height elements for the mouth and the environs of the mouth. The second factor was described the general height around the nose, forehead and eyes. The third factor was described the height of the ear environs. The forth factor contained the length around the sinciput to the occiput, the head thick and the head circumstance. The fifth factor was described the general width of the outer head and the corner of the eyes. The last factor contained the depth of the mouth and nose. Four clusters as their head and face shape were categorized using six factor scores by cluster analysis. Type 1 was characterized by the shortest head and face width, surface length and girth, and the shorter length of head, but the highest position of chin, philtrum, upper lip. Type 2 was characterized by the shortest head and face length and thickness, and the lowest position of the forehead, eye, nose, mouth, ear environs, but that had wider width of head and face. Type 3 was characterized by the longest and the widest head and face type, and the highest position of the mouth. Type 4 was characterized by longer length of head and face, and the widest head girth and largest head thickness, and the highest position of the forehead, eye, nose environs. And this type had the widest width of nose and mouth, and the longest head surface length.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.237-247
• /
• 2001

Background : infection associated with otalgia, herpetic eruptions, facial palsy, trigeminal pain and cochleovestibular dysfunction such as hearing dishubance, tinnitus, vertigo and other symptoms, and is not frequently encountered in otolaryngologic field. And facial paralysis occured by this syndrome is rapid in onset, usually severe in degree, and poor in prognosis. Objectives : To evaluate the Oriental Medicine's treatment and prognosis of Herpes zoster oticus and to classify of peripheral Facial palsy on Oriental Medicine. Methods : Clinical observation and analysis about a case of Ramsay-Hunt syndrome III type was done, who visited Dongguk University Gangnam Hospital. This case is managed by integrated therapy of oriental and western medicine. In oriental medicine, to treate ear pain, heonggae-yeongoetang(荊芥蓮翹湯) was given and to treat herpetic eruption, 8 constitution acupuncture treatement was done. In western medicine, antiviral agent, acyclovir and steroid hormone, prednisolon were treated. Result : About 6 weeks treatment, this case which has worse prognosis than Bell's palsy, was completed cured without any complication. Conclusion : 1. Futher divided classification about non-infectious and infectious facial palsy include "Ramsay Hunt Syndrome" is needed. 2. In acute state, Jeonyohwadan's (纏腰火丹) treatement can be applied, but the difference of invasion part, primary symptom such as ear pain and herpetic eruption is needed another treatment. 3. Ear pain and herpetic eruption can be treated in part of poongyeol(風熱) and subyeol(濕熱). 4. In Acupuncture treatement, Jeonyohwadan's (纏腰火丹) treatement can be applied in acute stage and guanwasa's treatement can be applied in chronic stage. but futher research is needed. 5. This case, Ramsay Hunt Syndrome IlI type, was managed by integrated therapy such as heonggae-yeongoetang(荊芥蓮翹湯), 8 constitution acupuncture treatement, acyclovir and prednisolon and this treatement was good effect.

• 센서학회지
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.479-487
• /
• 2004

The prevention of noise induced hearing loss is very important, because there is no treatment for it. There are some kinds of devices for hearing protection, and those are effective in preventing a noise induced hearing loss. However, people often resist the use of hearing protection devices because it is difficult to have a conversation. Therefore, a hearing protection device is must effective not only in hearing protection but also in preserving communication ability. In this paper, we proposed a small acoustic filter for ITE type noise protector to solving the problem about the difficulties of conversation. That is applied a principle of acoustic filters that have been used for a muffler of automobiles, guns, and etc. To find out the sound transmission characteristic at the eardrum, we regarded an acoustic filter and external ear canal as a coupled system. So, we simulated the coupled system with OrCad, and experimented with a designed acoustic filter and a 2 cc coupler which has the same transmission characteristic as the external ear canal has. We confirmed that it is possible to adjustment acoustic transmission characteristics through simulation of electrical model for acoustic filter and external ear and experiments using designed small acoustic filters.