• 제목/요약/키워드: each item

검색결과 2,109건 처리시간 0.026초

한국어판 플러턴 어드밴스드 균형 척도의 라쉬분석 (Application of Rasch Analysis to the Korean Version of the Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale)

  • 김경모
    • 한국전문물리치료학회지
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    • 제23권1호
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    • pp.46-54
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    • 2016
  • Background: Rasch analysis estimates the probability that a respondent will endorse an item and select a particular rating for that item. It has the advantage of placing both the items and the person along a single ration scale and calibrates person ability and item difficulty onto an interval scale by logits. In addition, Rasch analysis is a useful tool for exploring the validity of questionnaires that have been developed using traditional methods. Therefore, it has been recommended as a method for developing and evaluating functional outcome measures. Objects: The purpose of this study was to investigate the item fit, item difficulty, and rating scale of the Korean version of the Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale (KFAB) using Rasch analysis. Methods: Total 97 subjects (39 males and 58 females) with dwelling elderly adults were participated, but 3 people were excluded for misfit persons. Rasch analysis was then done by means of the Winsteps program to determine the item fit, item difficulty, rating scale, and reliability of the KFAB. Results: In this study, the 'standing with feet together and eyes closed', 'two-footed jump', 'walk with head turns', and 'stand on foam, eyes closed' items shown misfit statistics. The most difficult item was 'stand on one leg', whereas the easiest item was 'turn in full circle'. The rating scale was acceptable with all criteria. Both item and person separation indices and reliability showed acceptable values. This would indicated that each domain covers a useful range of item difficulty that is appropriate for measuring a person with a wide range of functional ability. Conclusion: The KFAB has been proven reliable, valid and an appropriate tool with which to evaluate the balance of the elderly people.

지구과학 창의력 평가 문항 개발 방법에 관한 연구 (A Method for Developing Items to Assess Earth Science Creativity)

  • 이항로
    • 한국지구과학회지
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.150-159
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    • 2003
  • 본 연구에서는 지구과학 지식과 창의력을 동시에 적용해야 해결할 수 있는 지구과학 창의력을 평가할 수 있는 문항의 개발 방법을 제시하고자 하였다. R&D과정을 거친 본 연구의 결과는 첫째, 조작적 정의를 통해 창의력과 과학창의력간의 인지능력 차이를 명료화하였고 둘째, 과학창의력을 구성하는 하위 요소들 중에서 문항 개발이 가능하다고 판단된 유창성, 융통성, 정교성, 독창성을 선정하여 각각에 대한 조작적 정의를 내린 후 각 요소들에 대한 평가와 채점의 준거를 제시하였다. 셋째, 평가도구의 구비 조건인 타당도, 신뢰도, 변별도, 난이도를 검증하기 위하여 3번의 현장검증을 실시하였으며, 본 연구에서 개발한 지구과학창의력 평가도구는 각 하위 요소별로 2문항씩 총 8문항으로 구성되어 있다. 넷째, 문항합치도 지수 평균은 .99, 문항 내적 합치도 지수인 Cronbach ${\alpha}$값은 .79, 각 문항별 평가자간 신뢰도는 0.78,각 하위 요소별 평가자간 신뢰도는 0.75, 변별도 지수인 점이연상관 지수는 .19, 문항 난이도 지수는 .00이었다. 이와 같이 평가도구의 구비조건들이 허용 범위 내에 있는 것으로 볼 때 본 연구에서 개발한 지구과학 창의력 평가도구는 유용한 것으로 판단할 수 있다.

An Assessment of the Usefulness of Time of Flight in Magnetic Resonance Angiography Covering the Aortic Arch

  • Yoo, Yeong-Jun;Choi, Sung-Hyun;Dong, Kyung-Rae;Ji, Yun-Sang;Choi, Ji-Won;Ryu, Jae-Kwang
    • 방사선산업학회지
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    • 제12권4호
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    • pp.325-332
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    • 2018
  • Carotid angiography covering the aortic arch includes contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CEA), which is applied to a large region and usually employs contrast media. However, the use of contrast media can be dangerous in infants, pregnant women, and patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Follow-up patients informed of a lesion may also want to avoid constant exposure to contrast media. We aimed to apply time-of-flight (TOF) angiography to a large region and compare its usefulness with that of CEA. Ten patients (mean age, 58 years; range, 45~75 years) who visited our hospital for magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) participated in this study. A 3.0 Tesla Achieva magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system (Philips, Netherland) and the SENSE NeuroVascular 16-channel coil were employed for both methods. Both methods were applied simultaneously to the same patient. Three TOF stacks were connected to cover the aortic arch through the circle of Willis, and CEA was applied in the same manner. For the quantitative assessment, the acquired images were used to set the regions of interest (ROIs) in the common carotid artery (CCA) bifurcation, internal carotid artery, external carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, and vertebral artery, and to obtain the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for the soft tissues. Three radiologists and one radiological resident performed the qualitative assessment on a 5-point scale - 1 point, "very bad"; 2 points, "bad"; 3 points, "average"; 4 points, "good"; and 5 points, "very good" - with regard to 4 items: (1) sharpness, (2) distortion, (3) vein contamination, and (4) expression of peripheral vessels. For the quantitative assessment, we estimated the mean SNR and CNR in each of the 5 ROIs. In general, the mean SNR was higher in TOF angiography (166.1, 205.2, 154.39, 172.23, and 161.95) than in CEA(92.05, 95.43, 84.76, 73.69, and 88.3). Both methods had a similar mean CNR: 67.62, 106.71, 55.9, 73.74, and 63.46 for TOF angiography, and 67.82, 71.19, 60.52, 49.45, and 64.07 for CEA. In all ROIs, the mean SNR was statistically significant (p<0.05), whereas the mean CNR was insignificant (p>0.05). The mean values of TOF angiography and CEA for each item in the qualitative assessment were 4.2 and 4.28, respectively for item 1; 2.93 and 4.55, respectively, for item 2; 4.6 and 3.13, respectively, for item 3; and 2.88 and 4.65, respectively, for item 4. Therefore, TOF angiography had a higher mean for item 3, and CEA had a higher mean for items 2 and 4; there was no significant difference between the two methods for item 1. The results for item 1 were statistically insignificant (p>0.05), whereas the results for items 2~4 were statistically significant (p<0.05). Both methods have advantages and disadvantages and they complement each other. However, CEA is usually applied to a large region covering the aortic arch. Time-of-flight angiography may be useful for people such as infants, pregnant women, CRF patients, and followup patients for whom the use of contrast media can be dangerous or unnecessary, depending on the circumstance.

온라인 상품 판매 성과에 영향을 미치는 상품 소개글 효과 측정 기법 (Measuring the Economic Impact of Item Descriptions on Sales Performance)

  • 이동원;박성혁;문송천
    • 지능정보연구
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.1-17
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    • 2012
  • 온라인 상에서 판매되는 상품은 매우 다양하지만, 소비자에게 판매 가격을 제시하거나 소개글을 통해서 상품에 대한 구체적인 설명을 제공한다는 점은 모든 상품에 있어서 가장 기본이 되는 공통적인 특징이다. 만약, 상품의 실제 품질이나 가격과는 독립적으로 상품 소개글이 판매에 미치는 영향력을 파악할 수 있다면 어떠한 소개글이 상품의 판매를 촉진하는 측면에서 더 좋은 글인지 분별할 수 있게 된다. 이런 관점에서 본 연구는 상품 소개글과 판매 성과의 관계를 파악하기 위한 목적으로 수행되었으며, 구체적으로는 온라인 시장에서 한글로 작성된 상품 소개글에 쓰인 각각의 표현 별로 소비자가 구매를 결정하는 데에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 분석하고자 하였다. 한글 형태소 분석기를 사용하여 국내 앱 시장에서 수집된 앱 소개글 및 판매이력 데이터로부터 상품을 설명하는 주요 속성과 그 속성에 대한 평가를 추출하였으며, 추출된 키워드를 입력 변수로 구성한 계량경제학 모형을 구축하였고, 구체적으로 특정 표현들이 판매 성과에 미치는 영향을 구축된 모형을 사용하여 계량적으로 측정하였다. 앱의 카테고리 별로 표현의 종류가 상이하게 나타남이 관찰됨에 따라, 분석은 각 카테고리 별로 수행되었다. 유료 앱과 무료 앱에 대해서 데이터 분석을 수행한 결과, 판매 성과에 영향을 미치는 '속성과 평가' 키워드를 그 영향력의 크기 별로 파악할 수 있었으며, 특히 무료 앱의 경우는 무료로 이용할 수 있음에도 불구하고 품질이 좋다는 것을 강조했을 때 판매량을 더 높일 수 있다는 것이 확인되었다. 본 연구는 모바일 앱에 대해 수행되었으나, 온라인에서 거래되는 다양한 상품에 대해서도 소개글이 판매 성과에 미치는 영향을 분석할 수 있는 모형으로 활용될 수 있다. 마지막 장에서는 기업의 마케팅 매니저가 본 연구에서 제시하는 연구 방법론과 분석 결과를 활용할 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.

저장캐러셀 설계를 위한 최소비용 모델 및 발견적해법 (A Cost Minimization Model and Its Heuristic Solution Procedure for Storage Carousel Designs)

  • 나윤균
    • 산업경영시스템학회지
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    • 제20권44호
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    • pp.179-184
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    • 1997
  • A solution procedure to minimize total carousel related costs has been developed under the carousel throughput rate and total storage capacity requirements. The carousel related costs include carousel facility costs which are proportional to the number of carousels and carousel operating costs which are directly related to the moving distances of carousels. The number of carousels is dependent upon the size of a carousel and the moving distances are determined by the size of a carousel, storage item assignment to each carousel, and the item positions in a carousel. When the storage/retrieval requirements for each storage item is equal, an optimal algorithm has been developed. When the storage/retrieval requirements is unequal, a heuristic solution procedure has been developed because of the complexity of the problem.

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V-METRIC 관련연구들에 관한 고찰 (Review of Studies on V-METRIC Related Models)

  • 김윤화;이성용
    • 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.47-57
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    • 2016
  • As the inventory costs of repairable items in military logistics continue to increase, many studies for optimal inventory level of these items are being carried out in advanced countries, including the US, to reduce these costs. Research on inventory level optimization for repairable items aimed to achieve the availability goal of a system with a MIME(Multi Indenture Multi Echelon) repair policy structure first began with Sherbrooke's METRIC and developed into various types. This research is to analyze and compare recent V-METRIC related studies to search for another variation in this field. This paper mainly looks at how to determine optimum inventory level for each repairable item to achieve a specific availability target within a limited budget, and also how to minimize inventory cost while achieving its availability target by determining optimal inventory level of each repairable item.

Visualized Preference Transition Network Based on Recency and Frequency

  • Masruri, Farid;Tsuji, Hiroshi;Saga, Ryosuke
    • Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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    • 제10권4호
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    • pp.238-246
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    • 2011
  • Given a directed graph, we can determine how the user's preference moves from one product item to another. In this graph called "preference transition network", each node represents the product item while its edge pointing to the other nodes represents the transition of user's preference. However, with the large number of items make the network become more complex, unclear and difficult to be interpreted. In order to address this problem, this paper proposes a visualization technique in preference transition analysis based on recency and frequency. By adapting these two elements, the semantic meaning of each item and its transition can be clearly identified by its different types of node size, color and edge style. The experiment in a sales data has shown the results of the proposed approach.

저장캐러셀의 최소 댓수 결정을 위한 해법 (A Hierarchical Solution Procedure for Determining the Minimum Number of Storage Carousels)

  • 나윤균
    • 산업경영시스템학회지
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    • 제19권39호
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    • pp.19-26
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    • 1996
  • A solution procedure to minimize the number of storage carousels has been developed under the carousel throughput rate and total storage capacity requirements. The number of carousels can be reduced by increasing the throughput rate of carousels which depends upon the size of carousels, the storage item allocation to carousels, and the item position assignments in each carousel. Since the problem is very complicated and hard to solve optimally, the following solution procedure to solve the problem hierarchically is proposed: With a given number of carousels, the storage items are allocated to carousels so that the slowest average transaction time among carousels may be minimized, and then the position of each item is assigned in the allocated carousel so that the throughput of the carousel can be maximized.

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Functional Improvement after the Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88) Item-Based Training in Children with Cerebral Palsy

  • Ko, Jooyeon
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • 제29권3호
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    • pp.115-121
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    • 2017
  • Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate applicability of the GMFM-88 in planning intervention for CP children. Specifically, this study assessed functional improvement after a four-week GMFM-88 item-based training in CP children divided into three age groups (${\leq}24$ months, 25-48 months, and >48 months) and five levels of the gross motor function classification system (GMFCS). Methods: Subjects were 264 children with CP (mean age 32.90 months) recruited from one CP clinic. The GMFM-88 item-based training was planned for each child, after an interview with its caregiver. To investigate functional improvement after the intervention, minimum important difference (MID) and MID proportion for the change in scores of GMFM-88 were calculated. Results: The GMFM-88 scores increased after the interventions in all three age groups (p<0.05). In particular, children with CP aged ${\leq}24$ months and at the GMFCS level II showed greater functional improvement after training. Conclusion: This study found that the GMFM-88 item-based training would be used to plan activity-oriented intervention both in clinic and home in each CP child.

영.유아발달선별검사(Child Development Review)의 한국에서의 표준화 연구 (A Study to Standardize the Child Development Review in Korea)

  • 신희선;김정미
    • Child Health Nursing Research
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.333-340
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    • 2006
  • Purpose: This study was to restandardize the Child Development Review (CDR) which was developed by Dr. Ireton and based on Child Development Inventory (CDI). Method: The participants were 1143 children who were aged 12months to 6.3years old and parents. They were the sample for standardization study of CDI. The age level assigned to each item of Korean version of CDI were assessed. The reliability and validity was analyzed by reliability coefficient and concurrent validity analysis. Result: The item set was revised by the age level of each item at which at least 75 percent of parents answered YES to the statement. The child development chart was composed of 100 item which include social, self-help, gross motor, fine motor, and language sector. The internal consistency coefficient of the instrument was .93. The concurrent validity with Korean Denver II was good. Conclusions: The Korean version of CDR showed good reliability and validity. It could be utilized for developmental screening at pediatric clinic and child care center.

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