• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.203-218
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to analyze the comparisons of the kinematical variables when performing Yoko Ukemi(side breakfall) by three Stage in Judo. The subjects were four male judokas who were trainees Y. I. University Squad members and the Yoko Ukemi were filmed by two S-VHS 16mm video cameras(60fields/sec.). The selected times were subject to KWON 3D analysis program and kinematical analysis to compare variables of three Yoko Ukemi. Temporal variables(total time-required : TK, TR by each phase), the body part touched order on the mat and COG variables were computed through video analysis while performing right Yoko Ukemi by three stage. From the data analysis and discussion, the following conclusions were drawn : 1. Temporal variables : total time-required(TR) when performing Yoko Ukemi(side breakfall) by each stage, the first stage(full squat posture: FP : 1.11sec.) showed the shortest time, the next was 3rd(Shizenhontai, straight natural posture: NP : 1.41sec.), and 2nd(Jigohontai, straight defensive posture, DP : 1.42sec.), respectively- 2. TR when performing Yoko Ukemi(side breakfall) by each stage, and phase : the first phase(take of phase, average 0.68sec.) showed the longest time, next was the third phase(ukemi phase, 0.39sec.), and the second phase(air phase, 0.23sec.), respectively. 3. When performing yore Ukemi the body part touched order and TR on the mat : hip(0.94sec.) showed the shortest time, the next was elbow hand(0.97sec.), back(0.98sec.), and shoulder(1.04sec.) order. The hip part touched on the mat the first, but slap the mat in order to alleviate the shock try hand palm and forearm before receiving impact (difference 0.03sec,) 4. Vertical COG variables in each event by each stage : e1(ready position, average 78.33cm) moved the highest, the next was e2(jumping position, 70.14cm), e3(transition position, average 64.00cm), e4(landing position, average 35.99cm), and e5(ukemi position, average 18.32cm) order, gradual decrease respectively. And the difference of COG were showed in initial by each stage, because position fo Yoko Ukemi was difference by each stage in preparation position, but in accordance with executing of Ukemi phase that difference of COG was by decreasing, almost equal displacement in e4(landing) and e5(Ukemi)position finally.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2018

In this study, we examined how the upper and lower lips articulate to produce labial /p/. Using electromagnetic midsagittal articulography, we collected flesh-point tracking movement data from eight native speakers of Seoul Korean (five females and three males). Individual articulatory movements in /p/ were examined in terms of minimum vertical upper lip position, maximum vertical lower lip position, and corresponding vertical upper lip position aligned with maximum vertical lower lip position. Using linear mixed-effect models, we tested two factors (word boundary [across-word vs. within-word] and speech rate [comfortable vs. fast]) and their interaction, considering subjects as random effects. The results are summarized as follows. First, maximum lower lip position varied with different word boundaries and speech rates, but no interaction was detected. In particular, maximum lower lip position was lower (e.g., less constricted or more reduced) in fast rate condition and across-word boundary condition. Second, minimum lower lip position, as well as lower lip position, measured at the time of maximum lower lip position only varied with different word boundaries, showing that they were consistently lower in across-word condition. We provide further empirical evidence of lower lip movement sensitive to both different word boundaries (e.g., linguistic factor) and speech rates (e.g., paralinguistic factor); this supports the traditional idea that the lower lip is an actively moving articulator. The sensitivity of upper lip movement is also observed with different word boundaries; this counters the traditional idea that the upper lip is the target area, which presupposes immobility. Taken together, the lip aperture gesture is a good indicator that takes into account upper and lower lip vertical movements, compared to the traditional approach that distinguishes a movable articulator from target place. Respective of different speech rates, the results of the present study patterned with cross-linguistic lenition-related allophonic variation, which is known to be more sensitive to fast rate.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.597-607
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• 2015

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the effects of sign language video location in e-learning system for the hearing-impaired. Background: E-learning education is a good way to resolve the inequality of education for the disabled. Providing a sign language video in e-learning education for the hearing-impaired is very important for their learning. Although the location of sign language video is an important factor in the design of the video, the effect of its location in learning using the e-learning system was not studied. Method: In order to identify the effect of sign language video location on the learning of the hearing-impaired using the e-learning system, the prototypes of the system with different locations were developed. Eighteen people with hearing impairment participated in this experiment. Learning presence, learning immersion, and learning satisfaction were used to measure learning effects with sign language video location. Results: Bottom right position was more preferred through preference evaluation for sign language video location. The learning effect with sign language video location (bottom-left and bottom-right) was not significant. That is, the effects of learning presence, immersion, and satisfaction were not statistically significant with video location. Conclusion: From this study, the following have to be considered in e-learning system design for the hearing-impaired. Although the location of a sign language video is not a significant factor from the experiment, the bottom right position in the design is proposed because learning presence and satisfaction is slightly higher at the bottom right position, and the position is preferred from subjective evaluation. From the analysis of interview data, it was also proposed that the design of a sign language video should be improved for the hearing-impaired. Application: The result of this study can be applied to the e-learning system design for the hearing-impaired.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of power and empowerment, self-efficacy of dental hygienists. Date were obtained from 203 dental hygienists who were working at dental clinics, hospitals located in Seoul. The results were analyzed with spsswin 12.0 and the conclusion is as follows: 1. The level of dental hygienists formal power was 3.19, informal power was 3.41, empowerment was 3.12, self-efficacy was 3.67. 2. Formal power showed significant a positive correlation with informal power and informal power showed significant a positive correlation with empowerment 3. According to the position, there were significant differences in formal power(pE0.05). 4. According to the working place, age, experienced-years, position, marriage and turnover experience there were significant differences in informal power(pE0.05). S. According to the working place, position, and marriage there were significant differences in empowerment(pE0.05). 6. According to the age, experienced-years, position, marriage and turnover experience there were significant differences in self-efficacy(pE0.05). 7. Informal power and information structure accounted significantly for the self-efficacy.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1996년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집(국내학술편); 포항공과대학교, 포항; 24-26 Oct. 1996
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• pp.743-746
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• 1996

A hybrid control scheme to regulate the force and position by dual arms is proposed, where two arms are treated as one arm in a kinematic viewpoint. Our approach is different from other hybrid control approaches which consider robot dynamics, in the sense that we employ a purely kinematic based approach for hybrid control, with regard to the nature of position-controlled industrial robots. The proposed scheme is applied to sawing task. In the sawing task, the trajectory of the saw grasped by dual arms is planned in an offline fashion. When the trajectory of the saw is planned to follow a line in a horizontal plane, 3 position parameters are to be controlled(i.e, two translational positions and one rotational position). And a certain level of contact force has to be controlled along the vertical direction(i.e., minus z-direction) not to loose the contact with the object to be sawn. Typical feature of sawing task is that the contact position where the force control is to be performed is continuously changing. Therefore, the kinematic mapping between the force controlled position and the joint actuators has to be updated continuously. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is experimentally demonstrated. The proposed hybrid control scheme can be applied to arbitrary dual arm systems, regardless of their kinematic structure and the number of actuated joints.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.35-40
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• 2013

eLoran에서의 항법 성능을 결정하는 주요 오차요인은 수신기의 eLoran 측정치인 TOA 측정치 오차와 수신기와 송신국들 사이의 기하학적인 배치(GDOP)에 의한 오차로 구분할 수 있다. TOA 측정치의 오차 보정을 위해서는 dLoran 기준국에서 측정한 ASF 변동값을 LDC를 통해 이용자에게 제공하면 가능하다. 또한 송신국들의 기하학적 배치에 따른 위치측정 정확도는 DOP로 결정되며 송신국의 최적의 기하적인 배치는 항법 정확도를 향상시킨다. 본 연구에서는 eLoran 구축에 대비하여 우수한 항법 성능을 갖는 데 필요한 eLoran 송신국의 기하학적인 배치를 결정하였고, 최대 6 개까지 송신국을 배치할 경우에 대해 각각의 항법 성능을 평가하였다. 제안된 eLoran 송신국 배치 방안은 항만에서 항법 및 시간주파수 와 관련하여 요구하는 HEA 정확도를 만족하는 eLoran 시스템을 구축할 때에 활용될 수 있다.

• 음성과학
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to find how English vowels affect the pronunciation of English sibilants /$d_3,\;{_3}$, z/ by Korean learners of English. Fifteen nonsense syllables composed by five vowels /a, e, i, o, u/ were pronounced six times by twelve Korean learners of English. Test scores were measured from the scoreboard made by a speech training software program, which was designed for English pronunciation practice and improvement. Results show that 1) the subjects had the lowest scores in /a_a/ position, and 2) subjects had lower scores in the /i_i/ position than in /e_e/, /o_o/ and /u_u/ positions when they pronounced $/d_3/,\;/{_3}/$, and /z/ in their respective inter-vocalic position. This study found that for the group studied Korean learners of English have more difficulty in pronouncing sibilants in /a_a/ and /i_i/ positions than in the other positions.

• International Journal of Ocean System Engineering
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2011

In this paper, for the accurate estimation of the position and orientation of the UUV (unmanned underwater vehicle), an AHRS (Attitude Heading Reference System) was developed using the IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor which provides information on acceleration and orientation in the object coordinate and the initial alignment algorithm and the E-KF (extended Kalman Filter). The initial position and orientation of the UUV are estimated using the initial alignment algorithm with 3-axis acceleration and geomagnetic information of the IMU sensor. The position and orientation of the UUV are estimated using the AHRS composed of 3-axis acceleration, velocity, and geomagnetic information and the E-KF. For the performance test of the orientation estimation of the AHRS, a testbed using IMU sensor(ADIS16405) and DSP28335 coded with an E-KF algorithm was developed and its performance was verified through tests.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.59-63
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• 1981

한국남해안에 있어서의 오메가신호의 지역적인 변화와 측정위치의 정도를 알기 위하여 제주(33$^{\circ}$31'.0N, 126$^{\circ}$31.9E)와 부산(35$^{\circ}$7'.9 N, 129$^{\circ}$6'. 3 E)에서 1980년 12월 1일부터 1981년 2월 28일까지 A-C pair 및 A-E pair에 대하여 동시 관측하여 오메가신호의 일변화, 두 지역 간의 실측PPC의 상관관계 및 차의 분포, 차등오메가 이용할 경우의 측위의 정도를 검토 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 제주와 부산 두 지역 간의 오메가전파의 위상차는 정의 상관관계의 평균치는 A-C pair는 0.7, A-E pair는 0.75이었다. 2. $\ulcorner$제주실측 PPC-부산실측 PPC$\lrcorner$의 반달마다의 평균치의 범위는 A-C pair는 17.7~21.3 cels이었으며, A-E pair는 -2.9~2.0cels이었다. 3. 두 지역에서 차등오메가로 이용할 경우의 측정위치의 오차의 범위는 1.0~2.2 miles이었으며, 오차권의 평균치는 1.52mile, 표준편차는 0.21mile이었다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.63-69
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• 1983

The tensile strength (Pm) . elongation percentage ($\varepsilon$) , elastic modulus (I) , and specific volume (Sv) were calculated from the data of tensile characteristics of By 104 .and Burley 21 tobacco leaves, which were measured over a relative humidity from 60 to 80% at $20\pm2^{\circ}C$.The important results obtained were as follows.(1) Tensile strength(Pm) The "Pm"of By 104 was greater than that of Burley at. The "Pm"in both varieties were increased toward the upper stalk position and according to the decrease of relative humidity. The "Pm" of parallel piece to tile vein in a leaf were greater than that of right angle piece to the vein. (2) Elongation percentage ($\varepsilon$). The "s" of By 104 was higher than that of Burley 21. The "s" in both varieties were increased toward the upper stalk position and according to the increase of relative humidity. The "s" of parallel Piece to the vein in a Burley leaf was greater than that of right angle piece to the vein. (3) Elastic modulus (E) The "E" of Burley 21 leaf was higher than that of By 104. The "E" in both varieties were increased toward the lower stalk position and according to decrease of relative humidity. The "E"of parallel piece to the vein in both varieties leaves were greater than that of right angle piece to tile vein. (4) Specific volume (Sv) The "Sv" of Burley 21 leaf was increased than that of By 104. The "Sv" in both varieties were increased toward the lower stalk position and according to the decrease of relative humidity.ot;Sv" in both varieties were increased toward the lower stalk position and according to the decrease of relative humidity.dity.