• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.208-222
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• 2013

In this paper, we conducted the taxonomic study of the tribe Epilobieae Endl. and concluded that a total of nine taxa, including one Chamerion (Raf.) Raf. ex Holub and eight Epilobium L., exist in Korea. Although C. angustifolium subsp. angustifolium has been placed traditionally either in Epilobium or Chamaenerion, it can be clearly distinguished from the species of Epilobium by having alternate leaves, slightly zygomorphic flowers, non-clefted petals, and equal length of 8 stamens, supporting the recognition of genus Chamerion. All but one species of Epilobium, E. platystigmatosum, was investigated for the surface of seeds using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The seed sculpture of Korean Epilobium can be classified into three types, i.e., papillose, reticulate, and ridged. E. ciliatum subsp. ciliatum is the only species Epilobium, which has the ridged seed sculpture. E. amurense subsp. cephalostigma can be distinguished from conspecific E. amurense subsp. amurense based on leaf shape, trichome shape and distribution, size and habit. Both E. fastigiatoramosum and E. palustre have entire leaf margins, but they can be distinguished based on leaf shape, stigma, and seed sculpture; the former has elongated elliptic leaves, capitate stigma, ridged seed sculpture, whereas the latter one has elongated lanceolate leaves, club-shaped stigma, and reticulate seed sculpture. Finally, we report the first record of E. platystigmatosum in Korea, and further comparative study including conspecific populations from Japan and China can clarify the occurrence of this taxon in Korea.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.103-107
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• 2001

The equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) subunits $\alpha$ and ${\beta}$ are transcribed from different genes and associate noncovalently to form the bioactive eCG heterodimer. Dimerization is rate limiting for eCG secretion, and dissociation leads to hormone inactivation. The correct conformation of the heterodimer is alto important for efficient secretion, hormone-specific post-translational modifications, receptor binding and signal transduction. To determine whether ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ subunits can be synthesized as a single polypeptide chain (tethered-eCG) and also display biological activity, the tethered-eCG molecule by fusing the carboxyl terminus of the eCG ${\beta}$-subunit to the amino terminus of the af-subunit was construe-ted and transfected into chinese hamster ovary (CHO-Kl) cells. LH- and FSH-like activities were assayed in terms of testosterone production and aromatase activity in primary cultured rat Leydig cells and granulosa cells, respectively. The tethered-eCG was efficiently secreted and showed similar LH-like activity to the dimeric eCG ${\alpha}$/${\beta}$ and native eCG. FSH-like activity of the tethered-eCG was also shown similarly in comparison with the native and wild type eCG ${\alpha}$/${\beta}$. Our data for the first time suggest that the tethered-eCG can be expressed efficiently and the produced product by the CHO-K1 cells is fully LH- and FSH-like activities in rat in vitro bioassay system. Our results also suggest that this molecular can imply particular models of FSH-like activity not LH-like activity in the eCG. Taken together, these data indicate that the constructs of tethered molecule will be useful in the study of mutants that affect subunit association and/or secretion.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.107-127
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• 2004

The rapid development of internet information technology has increased interest in e-Trade these days, but it is not activated greatly up to now. In order to promote e-Trade, it is essential to construct cooperative process such as connecting systems among trade related parties. Building e-Trade platform which is based on the infrastructure of the past trade automatic system is key point of promoting e-Trade. To do this, a study on the basic concept and specific components of e-Trade platform is needed absolutely. At this point of view, after this paper has examined domestic and foreign studies on the fundamental technologies about electronic commerce, it drew several key technologies that could be applied to e-Trade considering the current IT trend. Then it evaluates these technologies according to Technology Reference Model(TRM) of the National Computerization Agency. This will help us to show the operation strategy as well as the concept of future e-Trade platform and its composition. On the basis of the theoretical background, this paper classified NCA's technology model into 6 fields, which are application. data, platform, communication, security and management. Considering the key technologies, e-Trade platform has to be mutually connected and accept international standards such as XML. In the aspect of business side, trade relative agencies' business process as well as trading company's process has to be considered. Therefore, e-Trade platform can be classified into 3 parts which are service, infrastructure and connection. Infrastructure part is compared of circulating and managing system of electronic document, interface and service framework. Connecting service (application service) and additional service (application service) consist of service part. Connecting part is a linking mutual parts and can be divided into B2B service and B20 service. The organization operating this e-trade platform must have few responsibilities and requirements. It needs to positively accept existing infrastructure of trade automatic system and improving the system to complete e-trade platform. It also have to continuously develop new services and possess ability to operate the system for providing proper services to demanders. As a result, private sector that can play a role as TTP(Third Trust Party) is adequate for operating the system. In this case, revising law is necessary to support the responsibility and requirement of private sector.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.21-36
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• 2020

E-commerce represents the acquisition and sale, or the transmission of funds or data through an electronic platform. E-commerce is a paradigm shift that influences marketers and customers to improve current market processes. The significant challenges in e-commerce are the accuracy and performance factors during a business transaction, which has been substantially enhanced using Cloud Computing Techniques (CCT). The growth of e-commerce management has been increased due to massive internet penetration, and particularly small and emerging companies are increasingly using this alternative as a differentiated business model. E-commerce has significant environmental impacts and highly utilized in today's market scenario. Further, the replacement has not been thoroughly explored. Current research has been carried out to describe the e-commerce scenario to analyze market trends. This study further discusses the essential variables to the performance of market models for e-commerce. For example, e-procurement of products/services, electronic supply chain management, e-distribution and selling support (supplier connections, e-fulfilment) and online e-auctions (transactional) can represent important e-commerce capabilities, which can contribute to marketing strategy implementation effectiveness, resulting in higher export performance.

• CRM연구
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.71-88
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• 2009

The purpose of this thesis is to examine the effects of e-CRM activities by the internet shopping mall companies on the purchase activities of purchase customers and the potential customers. The internet shopping companies utilize e-CRM to systematically identify customers' varying demands, and to utilize the results as marketing tools, thus producing a significant effect on the potential customers by generating customer feedback through e-Community. Contrary to their intention, however, cognitive dissonance can occur through e-Community, which may lead to customers' complaints. If these complaints are not properly managed and settled in a timely manner, they can be transferred to other potential customers, and the conformity phenomenon could be created by other complaining customers. Findings obtained through this thesis are as follows: If cognitive disharmony is created by customers who purchased products through the internet shopping malls, this can lead to private complaining behaviors, and subsequently, these behaviors are formed through e-Community. If the internet shopping mall companies do not take any timely and proper measures to intervene in the stage of private complaining behaviors in the first place, these behaviors will immediately escalate into the public complaining behaviors. Furthermore, the complaints will be transferred to other potential customers, ultimately resulting in their swift expansion. In other words, contrary to intention of the internet shopping mall companies, e-CRM does not facilitate the potential customers purchase decision, it rather affects them to postpone or withdraw their purchase decision. Accordingly, the internet shopping mall companies are required to manage e-Community with extreme care, and they should promptly respond to the complaining customers so that e-Community can function properly.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.173-183
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• 2015

At present, it is simple to the electronic commerce credit scoring model, as a brush credit phenomenon in E-commerce has emerged. This phenomenon affects the judgment of consumers and hinders the rapid development of E-commerce. In this paper, that E-commerce credit evaluation model that uses a Gaussian density function is put forward by density test and the analysis for the anomalies of E-commerce credit rating, it can be fond out the abnormal point in credit scoring, these points were calculated by nonlinear credit scoring algorithm, thus it can effectively improve the current E-commerce credit score, and enhance the accuracy of E-commerce credit score.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1994.07a
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• pp.412-414
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• 1994

A new active resonant snubber (ARS) circuit providing the ideal switching conditions for PWM converter is presented. By using the proposed ARS circuit to PWM converters, the power switches can be operated to give zero-current and zero-voltage at both the instant of switch off and switch on, without increasing voltage/current stresses of the switches. Furthermore, the PWM converters employed ARS circuit has the advantage that it can operate at constant frequency, giving better definded EMI and filter ripple, and it is also suited for high-power application regardless of the semiconductor devices (such as MOSFETs or IGBTs) used as a power switches.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.565-568
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• 2003

This paper presents a method that can be used to reduce the decoding computational complexity in turbo codes. To reduce the decoding complexity we proposed an adaptive sliding window method which control the learning period of Viterbi sliding window method depending on channel signal to interference ratio (SIR). When received signal to interference ratio (SIR) is relatively high, we can reduce the decoding complexity without a noticeable degradation of BER performance at CDMA cellular system with power control error.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.25-45
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• 2010

The objective of this paper is to review the mechanics of how global e-trade practices can affect a firm's performance. It is well known that the introduction of global e-trade systems can save transaction costs at the macro level. However this study is extended at micro level by determining whether global trade transaction costs influence positively or negatively in exporting firms performances at firm level. A theoretical framework is suggested for determining the usage and performance of global e-trade with the global e-trade barriers. An empirical analysis of South Korean exporting firms has been undertaken. This paper concludes that the global e-trade has yet to overcome the barriers resulting from the transaction costs and asset specificity. In this regard, appropriate action like intensive education and training program should be implemented in order to make South Korea's global e-trade more matured.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.229-234
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• 2006

E-commerce and business information systems are being introduced in most of enterprises with the development of internet recently. Meanwhile the introduction of enterprise portal concepts and the enterprise informatization provide a necessary premise for insuring a competitive power. Therefore, it became necessary to research on the project of reusing the data of e-commerce. In this paper, we make a domestic maker the subject and implement a XML based electronic catalog(e-catalog) system for electronic commerce(e-commerce) based on web. The implemented XML based e-catalog system can reduce time and expenses needed for making, keeping and distribution in paper catalog systems. It also can correct the data reuse problems in the e-catalog systems implemented by HTML. Exchanging and reusing data used in e-commerce is essential to the integration between business information systems and points to the enterprise portal.