• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.451-463
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• 2005

Structural members commonly employed in marine and off-shore structures are usually fabricated from plates and shells. Collision of this class of structures is usually modeled as plate and shell structures subjected to dynamic impact loading. The understanding of the dynamic response and energy transmission of the structures subjected to low velocity impact is useful for the efficient design of this type of structures. The transmissions of transient energy flow and dynamic transient response of these structures under low velocity impact are presented in the paper. The structural intensity approach is adopted to study the elastic transient dynamic characteristics of the plate structures under low velocity impact. The nine-node degenerated shell elements are adopted to model both the target and impactor in the dynamic impact response analysis. The structural intensity streamline representation is introduced to interpret energy flow paths for transient dynamic response of the structures. Numerical results, including contact force and transient energy flow vectors as well as structural intensity stream lines, demonstrate the efficiency of the present approach and attenuating impact effects on this type of structures.

• Composites Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.68-75
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 저속 충격에서 충격 속도에 따른 금속복합재료의 동적 거동을 연구하였다. 시험에 사용된 재료는 모재로 AC8A와 보강재로 알루미나($Al_2O_3$)와 탄소를 사용하였으며 용탕 주조법을 이용하여 금속복합재료를 제조하였다. 금속복합재료에는 15%의 부피분율을 가진 알루미나 예비성형체와 알루미나와 탄소를 각각 12%와 3% 사용한 혼합 에비성형체가 사용되었다. 제조된 금속복합재료는 인장 시험과 진동 시험을 통해 인장 강도와 탄성계수를 구하였으며, 저주파 여파기(low pass filter)와 계장화 충격 시험기를 이용하여 충격 속도에 따른 금속복합재료의 충격 거동을 연구하였다. 저주파 여파기를 이용함으로써 충격 속도에 관계없이 안정적인 실험치를 확보할 수 있었다. 충격 속도의 증가에 따라 모재와 금속복합재료의 충격에너지는 증가하였으나, 동적인성치는 일정한 값을 보였다. 충격 속도가 증가할수록 충격에너지 중 균열전파에너지의 향상이 두드러졌으며, 재료의 변형량이 증가하였다. 충격에너지 중 균열개시에너지와 동적파괴인성치의 관계를 설명하기 위하여 변형율 에너지와 노치에서의 응력 분포를 이용하여 간단한 모델을 제시하였으며, 이로부터 균열개시에너지는 동적 파괴 인성치의 자승에 비례하고 탄성계수에 반비례하는 것을 보였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권11호
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• pp.2266-2268
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• 2009

In this paper, a simple method of angle velocity estimation is presented for a passive dynamic biped robot. The estimation problem is not an easy task because its dynamic model is a hybrid system involved with an impact condition. Instead of designing a complex observer for hybrid systems we simply utilize the impact condition to reset the initial condition of the high-pass filter when the non-support leg hits the slope. The approach has been verified by simulation results.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.36-41
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• 2005

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1994년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.969-974
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• 1994

The dynamic behavior of graphite/epoxy laminated composite shell structure due to low-velocity impact is investigated using the finite element method. In this analysis, the Newmark's constant-acceleration time integration algorithm is used. The impact response such as contact force, central deflection and dynamic strain history form shell structure analysis are compared with those form the plate non-linear analysis. The effects of curvature, impact velocity and mass of impactor on the composite shell are discussed.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제49권10호
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• pp.813-820
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 고체추진제의 동적 응력-변형률 특성을 고찰하기 위하여 저속충격시험을 수행하였다. 저속충격시험 시 충격체(Impactor)의 하중, 변위를 측정하여 고체추진제의 동적 거동을 확인하였다. 3점 굽힘 형태의 저속충격시험을 수행하였고, 이때 발생하는 국소변위와 길이가 짧고 두께가 두꺼운 고체추진제 시편의 전단 변위를 보상하여 순수 굽힘변위를 계산하였다. 보상된 변위와 측정된 하중을 사용하여 응력과 변형률을 계산하였고 응력-변형률 곡선으로부터 고체추진제의 동적 물성을 획득하여 이를 정적 굽힘 물성과 비교하였다. 운용 환경에 따른 온도별 고체추진제의 동적 물성을 획득하기 위해 상온, 고온, 저온에서 실험을 수행하고 결과를 비교분석하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.771-791
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• 2018

This paper deals with the low velocity impact response and dynamic stresses of composite sandwich truncated conical shells (STCS) with compressible or incompressible core. Impacts are assumed to occur normally over the top face-sheet and the interaction between the impactor and the structure is simulated using a new equivalent three-degree-of-freedom (TDOF) spring-mass-damper (SMD) model. The displacement fields of core and face sheets are considered by higher order and first order shear deformation theory (FSDT), respectively. Considering continuity boundary conditions between the layers, the motion equations are derived based on Hamilton's principal incorporating the curvature, in-plane stress of the core and the structural damping effects based on Kelvin-Voigt model. In order to obtain the contact force, the displacement histories and the dynamic stresses, the differential quadrature method (DQM) is used. The effects of different parameters such as number of the layers of the face sheets, boundary conditions, semi vertex angle of the cone, impact velocity of impactor, trapezoidal shape and in-plane stresses of the core are examined on the low velocity impact response of STCS. Comparison of the present results with those reported by other researchers, confirms the accuracy of the present method. Numerical results show that increasing the impact velocity of the impactor yields to increases in the maximum contact force and deflection, while the contact duration is decreased. In addition, the normal stresses induced in top layer are higher than bottom layer since the top layer is subjected to impact load. Furthermore, with considering structural damping, the contact force and dynamic deflection decrees.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.527-532
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• 2000

The armor composite material targets such as aramid FRMLs with different type and ply number of face material and different type of back-up material, were studied to determine ballistic impact resistance and dynamic failure behavior during ballistic impact. Ballistic impact resistance is determined by $\textrm{V}_{50}$ ballistic limit, a statical velocity with 50% probability for complete penetration, test method. Also dynamic failure behaviors are respectfully observed that result from $\textrm{V}_{50}$ tests. $\textrm{V}_{50}$ tests with $0^{\circ}$ obliquity at room temperature were conducted with projectiles that were able to achieve near or complete penetration during high velocity impact tests. As a result, ballistic impact resistance of anodized Al 5052-H34 alloy(2 ply) is better than that of anodized Al 5052-H34 alloy(1 ply), but Titanium alloy showed the similar ballistic impact resistance. In the face material, ballistic impact resistance of titanium alloy is better than that of anodized Al 5052-H34 alloy. In the back-up material, ballistic impact resistance of T750 type aramid fiber is better than that of CT709 type aramid fiber.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1993년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.381-386
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• 1993

This paper describes the dynamic fracture behavior of brittle materials under impact loading by using INSAMCR program with instrumented charpy test machine. To calculate the Dynamic Stress Intensity Factor The finite element analysis methods program, INSAMCR, was used. Dynamic fracture characteristic was researched to verify a relationship between Dynamic Stress Intensity Factor and crack tip propagation velocity in WC-6%Co. The relationship between Dynamic Stress Intensity Factor and crack tip velocity revealed typical .GAMMA. shape. INSAMCR was run to verify experimental results in WC-6%Co and shows a good coincidence.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2000년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.38-42
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• 2000

In this study, the low velocity impact behavior of the composite laminates has been described by using 3 dimensional nonlinear finite elements. To describe the geometric nonlinearity due to large deformation, the dynamic contact problem is formulated using the exterior penalty finite element method on the base of Total Lagrangian formulation. The incremental decomposition is introduced, and the converged solution is attained by Newton-Raphson Method. The Newmark's constant-acceleration time integration algorithm is used. To make verification of the finite element program developed in this study, the solution of the nonlinear static problem with occurrence of large deformation is compared with ABAQUS, and the solution of the static contact problem with indentation is compared with the Hertz solution. And, the solution of low velocity impact problem for isotropic material is verificated by comparison with that of LS-DYNA3D. Finally the contact force of impact response from the nonlinear analysis are compared with those from the linear analysis.