• Title/Summary/Keyword: dual-core

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WAVE Communication-based V2I Channel Modeling

  • Lee, Soo-Hwan;Kim, Jong-Chan;Lim, Ki-Taek;Cho, Hyung-Rae;Seo, Dong-Hoan
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.40 no.10
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    • pp.899-905
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    • 2016
  • Wireless access in vehicle environment (WAVE) communication is currently being researched as core wireless communication technologies for cooperative intelligent transport systems (C-ITS). WAVE consists of both vehicle to vehicle (V2V) communication, which refers to communication between vehicles, and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication, which refers to the communication between vehicles and road-side stations. V2I has a longer communication range than V2V, and its communication range and reception rate are heavily influenced by various factors such as structures on the road, the density of vehicles, and topography. Therefore, domestic environments in which there are many non-lines of sight (NLOS), such as mountains and urban areas, require optimized communication channel modeling based on research of V2I propagation characteristics. In the present study, the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) was measured on both an experience road and a test road, and the large-scale characteristics of the WAVE communication were analyzed using the data collected to assess the propagation environment of the WAVE-based V2I that is actually implemented on highways. Based on the results of this analysis, this paper proposes a WAVE communication channel model for domestic public roads by deriving the parameters of a dual-slope logarithmic distance implementing a two-ray ground-reflection model.

Occupational Health Nurses' Role Experiences (산업간호사의 역할 경험)

  • June, Kyung-Ja;Joo, Hea-Ju;Kim, Young-Mi
    • Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.250-260
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe the role experiences of occupational health nurse. The research question was "what are daily experiences in practice?" Methods: The data were collected through the focus-group interviews with nine occupational health nurses and analyzed by the grounded theory of Strauss and Corbin (1998). Results: The core category on occupational health nurse role experience was named as "struggling alone with the dual role". The causal conditions included 'unfamiliar area' and 'new work'. The contextual conditions included 'overload of work, 'tasks beyond OHN job' and 'disharmony with colleagues'. The intervening conditions were analyzed as supportive factors and discouraging factors. There were action/interaction strategies 'getting information about tasks', 'working as a professional', 'establishing a cooperative relationship', 'seeking help' by trying to regulate the phenomenon. Finally they succeed in 'establishing the identity' and 'feeling proud', but sometimes they could be 'suffering from low morale', or 'considering turnover'. Conclusion: Through these results, it can be explained that occupational health nurses have been exerting themselves to establish their role with various situation through the conflicted context. Based on the findings, we suggest developing the diverse continuing education programs to be tailored for OHN's needs and reinforcing the occupational health services under the legal and political support.

Effect of silane activation on shear bond strength of fiber-reinforced composite post to resin cement

  • Kim, Hyun-Dong;Lee, Joo-Hee;Ahn, Kang-Min;Kim, Hee-Sun;Cha, Hyun-Suk
    • The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.104-109
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    • 2013
  • PURPOSE. Among the surface treatment methods suggested to enhance the adhesion of resin cement to fiberreinforced composite posts, conflicting results have been obtained with silanization. In this study, the effects of silanization, heat activation after silanization, on the bond strength between fiber-reinforced composite post and resin cement were determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Six groups (n=7) were established to evaluate two types of fiber post (FRC Postec Plus, D.T. Light Post) and three surface treatments (no treatment; air drying; drying at $38^{\circ}C$). Every specimen were bonded with dual-curing resin cement (Variolink N) and stored in distilled water for 24 hours at $37^{\circ}C$. Shear-bond strength (MPa) between the fiber post and the resin cement were measured using universal testing device. The data were analyzed with 1-way ANOVA and by multiple comparisons according to Tukey's HSD (${\alpha}$=0.05). The effect of surface treatment, fiber post type, and the interactions between these two factors were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA and independent sample T-tests. RESULTS. Silanization of the FRC Postec Plus significantly increased bond strength compared with the respective non-treated control, whereas no effect was determined for the D.T. Light Post. Heat drying the silane coupling agent on to the fiberreinforced post did not significantly improve bond strength compared to air-syringe drying. CONCLUSION. The bond strength between the fiber-reinforced post and the resin cement was significantly increased with silanization in regards to the FRC Postec Plus post. Bond strength was not significantly improved by heat activation of the silane coupling agent.

Biotope Networking in a Metropolitan Area of Daegu -The Case of Susung gu-

  • Ra, Jung-Hwa;Park, In-Hwan;Sagong, Jung-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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    • no.1
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    • pp.1-12
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    • 2001
  • The biotope network of Susung gu is characterized as dense residence zones forming its core that enable partial biotope in and around the residential zones. First, in district I, it is possible to make these zones connected to the third district. In district II, which is abundant in biotope, it is very important not to continue destoyi9ng the existing biotopes. In the case of district III, old residence zones have fill the severe gap between forests and the Sinchun river, through redevelopment, which covers more than 30% of the biotope area with large scaled linear residence areas. In the case of district IV, limited destruction of biotope and the improvement of nature areas were suggested as the alternative for preservation of biotopes. Consequently, in the construction of the biotope network in Su-sung gu, the maintenance of existing biotopes is required. Int he old residence zones, as redevelopment occurs, by maintaining biotope area of more than 30% and making the scale of residential complexes more than 1ha, it is possible for old residence zones to accomplish the role of providing important green spaces. In the case of newly developed residential zones, by reducing the rate of pavement of traffic conducts, utilizing small sized parks at the junctions and the plantation of trees along the corridors, the entire residence zones are able to accomplish the role of providing important green space. The problem houses and connecting the inner green space of the private houses with the green spaces of the streets in some areas. Futhermore, green spaces of forests must not be used for urban development. Dual planting on sidewalks, planting plots dispersed among streets and median strips must be established on road, too.

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An Interpretation of Archetypal Form of Byungyoung Castle in Ulsan City

  • Hong, Kwang-Pyo;Kim, Hyun-Sook
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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    • no.1
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    • pp.89-101
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study ins to verify the characteristic location of Byungyoung Castle, physical type, inside spatial organization, and the scheme of Byungyoung Castle. The study utilizes historic literature, ancient maps related to Byungyoung Castle, topographical and cadastral maps which were published under the rule of Japanese Imperialism Castle, topographical and cadastral maps which were published under the rule of Japanese Imperialism and the topographical maps which were made recently by National Geographic Institute with various scales. The methodology of the study is to interpret the contents from the historic literature on the site map. The methodology of the study is to interpret the contents from the historic literature on the site map. The result of the study is as follows; Byungyoung Castle does duty as a defensive base for the entire country and has a specific character of location that has the dual function of a mountain fortress for national defense and of a village fortress for the town. Byungyoung Castle has four gates on four sides and has a oval shape very close to a circular form. The road construction inside the castle is composed basically of a cross shape. Byungyoung is located in the northwest area of this major road system. The private houses that lie along the north-south road are build up at the core area of the lower level and the town market built up around the south gate becomes the heart of life for the people. Schematically, it has the same pattern as regular village fortress, in that the houses for the guests and the houses for the public office are arranged to the east and the west. It is considered that there is certain functional parallel between Byungyoug Castle and Ulsan castle because there are no facilities for sacrificial rites no institutional budding.

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Mechanical Properties of Trabecular Bone in femoral Head & Neck (넙다리뼈 머리/목 부분 해면뼈의 기계적 물성)

  • Kwak Dai-Soon;Choi Kwang-Nam;Kim Sang-Kuk;Lee Sang-Ho;Kim Tae-Joong;Han Seung-Ho;Oh T.Y.
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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    • 2005.10a
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    • pp.518-521
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    • 2005
  • We performed the mechanical test for obtaining properties of femoral head. Tested sample was male and 35 years old. We measured bone mineral density by dual X-ray absorption method(DEXA). Results of DEXA, he has normal condition of bone density. His BMD $1.159g/cm^2$ and T-Score is 1.6. Tested femurs were harvested by surgical method from donated cadaver. We made 9 specimens in femoral head, 8 specimens in neck used by diamond core drill. Then we performed compressive test in saline solution at $38^{\circ}C$. We obtained results that elastic modulus of femoral head was 0.439GPa, neck was 0.459GPa. Compressive strength of femoral head was 7.441 MPa, neck was 7.095MPa. There was no significant difference of mechanical properties between left and right femoral head & neck. Invested local properties of femoral head have more strength superior and anterior side, femoral neck has more strength in superior and inferior side but other side except for superior has more weakness along the lateral side.

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Public Health Challenges of Electronic Cigarettes in South Korea

  • Lee, Sung-Kyu;Kimm, Hee-Jin;Yun, Ji-Eun;Jee, Sun-Ha
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.44 no.6
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    • pp.235-241
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    • 2011
  • Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarrettes) were recently introduced and advertised as a smoking cession device in South Korea. As the social norm to quit smoking has gained hold in the country, the number of e-cigarette users is growing rapidly. This phenomenon should be urgently considered, because of the lack of research that has been conducted to examine the safety of e-cigarettes and its efficacy as a smoking cessation aid. This paper raises several public health concerns on e-cigarettes in South Korea. Uncertain regulations of the government on e-cigarettes are contributing to an increase of e-cigarette users and allowing the e-cigarette industry to circumvent existing regulations. The aggressive marketing activity of this industry is also a core factor that is responsible for the rapid increase of e-cigarette use, in particular among the youth. Following the enforcement of tobacco control, some cigarette smokers may be encouraged to purchase e-cigarettes in order to circumvent the regulations, even though the dual use of e-cigarette and cigarette may be more harmful. Until there is clear evidence of the e-cigarette’s safety, it is recommended that the industry’s marketing and promotional activities be banned and closely monitored, and public campaigns be initiated to educate the public regarding e-cigarettes.

Accuracy Evaluation of GPM Satellite-derived Precipitation Data (GPM 위성강우 정확도 평가)

  • Kim, Joo Hun;Choi, Yun Seok;Kim, Kyeong Tak
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2016.05a
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    • pp.601-601
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    • 2016
  • 글로벌 위성 기반의 강수량 관측에 대한 역사는 1979년에 Arkin의 의해 제안된 IR방법에 의해 위성으로 부터 강우자료를 유도하는 개념이 도입된 이후 1987년 해양에서의 비교적 정확한 강수량 추정이 가능한 다중 채널의 마이크로파(MW) 복사계를 이용한 방법으로 위성강수 추정에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되었다. 이 후 두 IR과 MW를 혼합한 방법에서, 또다시 1997년 TRMM위성의 PR(Precpipitation Radar)의 레이더를 이용하는 방법, 그리고 2014년 GPM 핵심 위성(GPM Core Observatory)에 탑재된 Dual PR에 의한 방법으로 위성강수의 정확도를 매우 높여가고 있다. 전지구강수관측위성(GPM, Global Precipitation Measurement Mission) 사업은 미국우주항공국(NASA)과 일본우주항공국(JAXA)의 주도로 전 지구 규모의 강수관측을 목적으로 시작되었으며, 추가 파트너로 프랑스의 CNES(French Centre National d'?tudes Spatiales), 인도의 ISRO(Indian Space Research Organisation), 미국 NOAA, 그리고 유럽연합의 EUMETSAT(European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites)가 참여하고 있다. 본 연구는 2014년 4월 발사된 GPM핵심 위성의 발사에 따라 제공되는 GPM 위성강우 자료의 정확도 평가를 목적으로 하고 있다. GPM 데이터는 Level-1에서 Level-3까지 다양한 데이터를 제공하고 있으며 본 연구에서는 Level-3의 IMERG 데이터를 이용하여 위성강우의 정확도를 평가하였다. IMERG 위성강우자료는 GPM 위성군의 모든 수동 MW 데이터를 조합하여 강우량을 추정하는 데이터이다. 자료의 시간적 범위는 2015년 8월 18일~8월 20일이고 공간적 범위는 한반도 영역으로 하였으며, 자료의 정확도 평가를 위한 지상계측자료는 기상청 ASOS(Automated Synoptic Observing System)의 강수량 자료를 이용하였다. 자료분석 결과 GPM에서 제공되는 IMERG 데이터의 공간적 분포는 그림 1과 같이 전라도 지역에 많은 강수가 분포하는 것을 확인할 수 있다. 이 기간 동안의 기상청 ASOS 관측 강수량 기록은 전국적으로 1순위가 고창군 25.5mm, 2순위가 부안군 21.9mm, 3순위가 정읍 및 영광군이 19.0mm로 위성으로부터 관측된 값과 지상계측값의 공간적 분포가 매우 유사한 경향을 보이는 것으로 분석되었다. 향후 위성강우 및 지상계측강우의 시계열적 정확도와 총강우량 등의 정확도 평가를 수행할 계획이다.

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Estimation of Flood Discharge using Satellite-derived Rainfall in Abroad Watershed (위성강우를 이용한 해외 유역 홍수량 추정)

  • Kim, Joo Hun;Choi, Yun Seok;Kim, Kyeong Tak
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2017.05a
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    • pp.250-250
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    • 2017
  • 글로벌 위성 기반의 강수량 관측에 대한 역사는 1979년에 Arkin의 의해 제안된 IR방법에 의해 위성으로부터 강우자료를 유도하는 개념이 도입된 이후 1987년 해양에서의 비교적 정확한 강수량 추정이 가능한 다중 채널의 마이크로파(MW) 복사계를 이용한 방법으로 위성강수 추정에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되었다. 이후 두 IR과 MW를 혼합한 방법에서, 또다시 1997년 TRMM위성의 PR(Precpipitation Radar)의 레이더를 이용하는 방법, 그리고 2014년 GPM 핵심 위성(GPM Core Observatory)에 탑재된 Dual PR에 의한 방법으로 위성강수의 정확도를 매우 높여가고 있다. 본 연구는 KOICA 사업으로 진행중인 모로코 세부강 유역 홍수방지 마스터플랜 사업에서 모로코 세부강 유역의 2010년 홍수사상에 대한 위성강우 및 지상계측 일일자료를 이용하여 홍수유출량을 추정하는 것으로 목적으로 하고 있다. 모로코 세부강(Oued Sebou) 유역은 모로코의 서북부에 위치하며 유역면적은 한강유역과 유사한 $38,380km^2$이고 하천연장은 450km로 모로코 국토면적의 약 7% 정도를 차지하며 모로코 농업생산의 중심지역이고 유역의 기후 및 기상 특성은 겨울철 온난다습하고 여름에 고온 건조한 지중해성 기후를 나타내며, 연강수량은 400mm이상으로 보고하고 있다(이산 등, 2015). 유역내 49개 관측소의 일일 강우량 자료를 분석한 결과 2000년부터 2010년까지의 유역 산술평균 강수량은 607.1mm/yr로 분석되었고, 2010년 가장 많은 강수를 기록한 지역은 Jbel oudka로 1874.1mm/yr였고, 가장 적은 강수량을 기록한 지역은 Allal Al Fassi - Barrage로 289.9mm/yr로 나타났다. 2010년 홍수가 발생한 시기인 2009년 12월 19일부터 2010년 1월 18일까지의 1시간 간격의 위성강우자료와 1일 관측 지상계측자료를 합성하여 위성보정강우량을 추정하였다. 보정 방법은 순위상관방법을 적용하였다. 사용한 모형은 일본 ICHARM에서 개발한 IFAS와 한국건설기술연구원의 MapWindow 기반 GRM 모형(mwGRM)을 이용하였다. 모형의 적용 결과 세부강 유역 본류의 첨두유출량은 $6,010m^3/s$(mwGRM)과 $5,878m^3/s$(IFAS)로 분석되었다. 향후 위성강우 및 지상계측 강우의 시계열적 정확도와 총강우량 등의 정확도 평가를 수행할 계획이다.

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Development of satellite precipitation process module based on QGIS (QGIS 기반 위성강수 처리 모듈 개발)

  • Kim, Joo Hun;Kim, Kyeong Tak;Jo, Minhye
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2019.05a
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    • pp.60-60
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    • 2019
  • OECD 발표에 의하면 물산업 관련 인프라 투자 전망은 전세계 GDP 대비 2010~2020년 약 1.01%에서 2020~2030년 약 1.03%로 확대될 전망으로 다른 통신, 전력, 철도 인프라 투자수요보다 많을 것으로 전망하고 있다(파이넨셜 뉴스, 2013.3.21.). 우리나라는 2005년 베트남 홍강종합개발사업을 시작으로 2015년 기준으로 세계 35개국에 진출하고 있다. 그러나 대부분의 물 산업 진출 대상 국가는 미계측 유역이 많고 지상에서 계측된 수문 자료가 부족한 실정이다. Namgung and Lee(2014)에 의하면 네팔의 수력발전소 건설에 관측된 강우량 자료가 없어 발전소 하류 10km 지점의 유하량 자료를 이용하여 자료의 정확도 검증을 대신하여 적용한 바 있다. 이와 같이 계측자료가 없거나 부족한 지역에 대하여 기상 위성을 이용하여 추정된 강수량 자료가 해당 지역의 강수 특성을 파악하는데 중요한 자료로 이용될 수 있다. 글로벌 위성 기반의 강수량 관측에 대한 역사는 1979년에 IR방법에 의해 위성으로부터 강우자료를 유도하는 개념이 도입된 이후 1987년 다중 채널의 마이크로파(MW) 복사계를 이용한 방법, 이후 두 IR과 MW를 혼합한 방법에서, 1997년 TRMM위성의 PR(Precpipitation Radar)의 레이더를 이용하는 방법, 그리고 2014년 GPM 핵심 위성(GPM Core Observatory)에 탑재된 Dual PR에 의한 방법으로 위성강수의 정확도를 매우 높여가고 있다. 본 연구는 대표적인 위성강수인 IMERG(Integrated MultisatellitE Retrievals for GPM)의 활용성을 높이기 위해 QGIS 기반의 위성강수 전처리 모듈을 개발하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 위성강수를 활용하기 위해서는 위성강수의 정확도 평가가 선행되어야 한다. 본 연구를 통해 2017년 7월 중부지방 및 충청도 지방에 내린 강수자료를 비교한 결과 상관계수가 약 0.7정도로 상관성이 높은 것으로 분석되었고, 2018년 8월 9호 태풍 솔릭(Solik)에 대한 1시간의 시간해상도 분석 결과 상관계수 0.624로 위성강수의 활용성이 있음을 입증하였다. IMERG 위성강수의 활용성을 높이기 위하여 HDF5 포맷의 원시자료를 활용이 용이한 Tiff 로 변환하는 기능에서부터 특정범위 및 특정지점 추출 기능, Resampling 기능 등을 포함하는 전처리 모듈을 개발하였다.

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