• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.329-337
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• 2012

Considerable attention has been given to the accuracy of HER-2 testing and the correlation between the results of different testing methods. This interest reflects the growing importance of HER-2 status in the management of patients with breast cancer. In this study the detection of HER-2 gene and centromere 17 status was evaluated using dual-colour primed in situ labelling (PRINS) in comparison with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). These two methods were evaluated on a series of 27 formalin fixed paraffin embedded breast carcinoma tumours, previously tested for protein overexpression by HercepTest (grouped into Hercep 1+/0, 2+ and 3+). HER-2 gene amplification (ratio${\geq}2.2$) by PRINS was found in 3:3, 6:21 and 0:3 in IHC 3+, 2+ and 1+/0 cases, respectively. Comparing FISH and IHC (immunohistochemistry), showed the same results as for PRINS and IHC. Chromosome 17 aneusomy was found in 10 of 21 IHC 2+ cases (47.6%), of which 1 (10%) showed hypodisomy (chromosome 17 copy number per cell${\leq}1.75$), 7 (70%) showed low polysomy (chromosome 17 copy number per cell=2.26 - 3.75) and 2 (20%) showed high polysomy (chromosome 17 copy number per cell ${\geq}3.76$). The overall concordance of detection of HER-2 gene amplification by FISH and PRINS was 100% (27:27). Furthermore, both the level of HER-2 amplification and copy number of CEN17 analysis results correlated well between the two methods. In conclusion, PRINS is a reliable, reproducible technique and in our opinion can be used as an additional test to determine HER-2 status in breast tumours.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제34권6C호
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• pp.626-633
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• 2009

ISO/IEC/WD 24753은 장거리 RFID 통신을 위하여 새로운 변 복조 방법과 센서 데이터 처리를 위한 응용 프로토콜을 정의하고 있다. 이 표준안에 따르면, 태그의 주파수 오프셋은 4%이다. 일반적인 무선통신 시스템에서 많이 사용되는 동기방식의 수신기는 성능이 우수한 것으로 알려져 있으나, 만약 주파수 오프셋이 크면 성능이 저하되는 문제가 있다. 본 논문에서는 장거리 센서태그 시스템의 주파수 오프셋 문제를 해결하기 위하여 비동기 방식의 수신기 구조를 설계하였다. 본 논문에서는 4% 주파수 오프셋을 갖는 수신 신호로부터 최적 주파수를 추정하기 위하여 9쌍의 상관기로 구성되는 주파수 추정 블록을 설계 하였으며, 수신 데이터로부터 페이로드의 시작 시점을 결정하기 위하여 별도로 구성된 이중 상관기를 이용하는 SFD(Start Frame delimiter) 검출 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 본 논문에서는 앞에서 제안한 방법들을 이용하여 장거리 RFID 리더를 구현하였으며, 유/무선 시험망을 통하여 그 성능을 평가하였다. 본 논문에서 구현한 장거리 RFID 리더는 인식거리 측면에서 기존의 방법을 사용하는 RFID 리더기보다 더 우수한 성능을 나타내었다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.36.2-36.2
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• 2015

We report the first detection of linearly polarized emission at an observing wavelength of 350 mum from the radio-loud active galactic nucleus 3C 279. We conducted polarization observations for 3C 279 using the SHARP polarimeter in the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory on 2014 March 13 and 14. For the first time, we detected the linear polarization with the degree of polarization of $13.3%{\pm}3.4%$ (3.9sigma) and the electric vector position angle (EVPA) of $34.^{\circ}7{\pm}5.^{\circ}6$. We also observed 3C 279 simultaneously at 13, 7, and 3.5 mm in dual polarization with the Korean very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) Network on 2014 March 6 (single dish) and imaged in milliarcsecond (mas) scales at 13, 7, 3.5, and 2.3 mm on March 22 (VLBI). We found that the degree of linear polarization increases from 10% to 13% at 13 mm to 350 mum and the EVPAs at all observing frequencies are parallel within < $10^{\circ}$ to the direction of the jet at mas scale, implying that the integrated magnetic fields are perpendicular to the jet in the innermost regions. We also found that the Faraday rotation measures RM are in a range of $-6.5{\times}102{\sim}-2.7{\times}103$ rad m-2 between 13 and 3.5 mm, and are scaled as a function of wavelength:| {RM}| ${\backslash}propto$ {lambda }-2.2. These results indicate that the millimeter and sub-millimeter polarization emission are generated in the compact jet within 1 mas scale and affected by a Faraday screen in or in the close proximity of the jet.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.466-472
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• 2009

고온, 고압의 원자력 배관 누설 판별을 위해 음향방출기법(AE)을 이용한 누설감지 시스템인 ALMS 기법이 적용되고 있다. 이 시스템은 단지 AE 센서로 전해진 신호의 RMS값을 이용하여 누설의 유무만을 판단할 뿐, 누설 발생시 누설부의 크기나 형태를 평가하는 것에는 어려움이 있었다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 AE센서와 가속도센서를 동시에 이용한 이중 센서 시스템을 제안하였다. 빠른 학습 속도와 정확성을 위해 Levenberg-Marquardt 학습 알고리즘을 이용한 인공신경회로망을 적용시키고, 이를 통해 신뢰성 있는 분석 결과를 얻을 수 있다. 배관내 압력과 누설부의 크기와 모양에 따른 실험신호들을 학습시키고 그 판별 정확성을 확인하였다. 추가적으로 배관 두께에 따라 발생하는 파(wave)의 종류와 특성이 달라지는 것을 이론과 실험을 통하여 알아보았다.

• 한국정보기술응용학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보기술응용학회 2005년도 6th 2005 International Conference on Computers, Communications and System
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• pp.325-329
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• 2005

Vast amount of information is generated and shared in this active digital As the digital informatization is vividly going on now, most of documents are in digitalized forms, and this kind of information is on the increase. It is no exaggeration to say that this kind of newly created information and knowledge would affect the competitiveness and the future of our nation. In addition to that, a lot of investment is being made in information and knowledge based industries at national level and in reality, a lot of efforts are intensively made for research and development of human resources. It becomes easier in digital era to create and share the information as there are various tools that have been developed to create documents along with the internet, and as a result, the share of dual information is increasing day in and day out. At present, a lot of information that is provided online is actually being plagiarized or illegally copied. Specifically, it is very tricky to identify some plagiarism from tremendous amount of information because the original sentences can be simply restructured or replaced with similar words, which would make them look different from original sentences. This means that managing and protecting the knowledge start to be regarded as important, though it is important to create the knowledge through the investment and efforts. This dissertation tries to suggest new method and theory that would be instrumental in effectively detecting any infringement on and plagiarism of intellectual property of others. DICOM(Dynamic Incremental Comparison Method), a method which was developed by this research to detect plagiarism of document, focuses on realizing a system that can detect plagiarized documents and parts efficiently, accurately and immediately by creating positive and various detectors.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 1998년도 Proceedings of International Workshop on Advanced Image Technology
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• pp.92-97
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• 1998

For the efficient searching and browsing of digital video, it is essential to extract the internal structure of the video contents. As an example, a news video consists of several sections such as politics, economics, sports and others, and also each section consists of individual topics. With this information in hand, users can ore easily access the required video frames. This paper addresses the problem of automatic shot boundary detection and selection of representative frames (R-frames), which are the essential step in recognizing the internal structure of video contents. In the shot boundary detection, a new algorithm that have dual detectors which are designed specifically for the abrupt boundaries (cuts) and gradually changing bounaries respectively is proposed. Compared to the existing 미algorithms that mostly have tried to detect both types by a single mechanism, the proposed algorithm is proved to be more robust and accurate. Also in the problem of R-frame selection, simple mechanical approaches such as selecting one frame every other second have been adopted. However this approach often selects too many R-frames in static short, while drops important frames in dynamic shots. To improve the selection mechanism, a new R-frame selection algorithm that uses motion information extracted from pixel difference is proposed.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.225-231
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• 2011

GPS 위성 이상 신호의 발생 요인 중 위성 시계의 이상 현상은 GPS 측정치에 매우 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있으나, 측정치에는 궤도 오차, 이온층 지연 오차, 대류층 지연 오차, 다중경로 오차, 수신기 시계 오차 등의 성분들이 포함되어 있어 위성 시계의 오차 범위가 다른 요소에 의한 오차보다 커지기 전에는 위성 시계의 이상 현상을 검출하기 어려운 문제가 있다. 위성 시계에 이상 현상이 발생하였을 때 이상 판별의 임계 범위를 최소화 하여 빠르고 정확하게 검출을 수행할 수 있도록, 본 논문에서는 이중 주파수 측정치로부터 반송파 스무딩 필터를 적용하고 수신기 시계 오차 및 다른 여러 가지 요인에 의한 오차를 보정한 후 정확한 위성 시계 오차를 추정하는 방법을 제시하였고 IGS 기관에서 제공하고 있는 위성 시계 정보와 비교를 통해 제시한 방법의 성능을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.126-132
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• 2004

A single chain variable fragment (scFv) specific towards B. pseudomallei exotoxin had previously been generated from an existing hybridoma cell line (6E6AF83B) and cloned into the phage display vector pComb3H. In this study, the scFv was subcloned into the pComb3X vector to facilitate the detection and purification of expressed antibodies. Detection was facilitated by the presence of a hemagglutinin (HA) tag, and purification was facilitated by the presence of a histidine tag. The culture was grown at 30$^{\circ}C$ until log phase was achieved and then induced with 1 mM IPTG in the absence of any additional carbon source. Induction was continued at 30$^{\circ}C$ for five h. The scFv was discerned by dual processes-direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and Western blotting. When compared to E. coli strains ER2537 and HB2151, scFv expression was observed to be highest in the E. coli strain Topl0F'. The expressed scFv protein was purified via nickel-mediated affinity chromatography and results indicated that two proteins a 52 kDa protein, and a 30 kDa protein were co-purified. These antibodies, when blotted against immobilized exotoxin, exhibited significant specificity towards the exotoxin, com-pared to other B. pseudomallei antigens. Thus, these antibodies should serve as suitable reagents for future affinity purification of the exotoxin.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.305-316
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• 2022

Bordetella (B.) bronchiseptica, Mycoplasma (M.) felis, and Chlamydia (C.) felis are considered as main bacterial pathogens of feline upper respiratory tract disease (URTD). In this study, a new triplex quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (tqPCR) assay was developed for the rapid and differential detection of these bacteria in a single reaction. The assay specifically amplified three bacterial genes with the detection limit of below 10 copies/reaction. The assay showed high repeatability and reproducibility, with coefficients of intra-assay and inter-assay variation of less than 1%. Based on the diagnostic results of the assay using 94 clinical samples obtained from cats with URTD signs, prevalence of B. bronchiseptica, M. felis, or C. felis was 10.6%, 36.2%, or 6.4%, respectively, indicating that the diagnostic sensitivity was comparable to those of previously reported monoplex qPCR assays. The dual infection rates for B. bronchiseptica and M. felis or M. felis and C. felis was 2.1% or 3.2%, respectively. These results indicated that M. felis has been widely spread, and its co-infection with B. bronchiseptica or M. felis has been frequently occurred in Korean cat population. The developed tqPCR assay will serve as a promising tool for etiological and epidemiological studies of these three bacterial pathogens and the prevalence data obtained in this study will contribute to expanding knowledge about the epidemiology of feline URTD in Korea.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.109-116
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• 2005

목적 : 대장암의 간 전이 진단에서 CT와 MRI 단독 판독과 CT-MRI 종합 판독의 성적을 비교하여 부가적인 Mn-DPDP 조영증강 MRI의 유용성에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 53명의 대장암 환자를 대상으로 하였으며 이들은 수술전 이중시기 CT에서 전이성 병소가 의심되거나 혈청 CEA(carcinoembryonic antigen) 수치가 10 ng/mL 로 증가하여 부가적인 Mn-DPDP 조영증강 MRI를 시행하였다. 두 명의 방사선과 의사가 독립적으로 15 일 간격을 두고 CT 단독 판독, MRI 단독 판독, CT와 MRI를 종합하여 판독하였다. 각 병변의 크기, 위치, 악성 유무를 평가하였으며 크기에 따라 1 cm 미만(A 그룹), 1 cm 에서 2 cm 미만(B 그룹), 2 cm 이상(C 그룹)의 세 그룹으로 분류하였다. ROC 곡선을 이용하여 진단적 정확도를 비교하였으며 발견율과 위양성율을 구하여 통계적 유의성을 검증하였다. 결과 : A 그룹에서 CT와 MRI를 종합하여 판독한 경우는 CT, MRI를 단독으로 판독한 경우와 비교하여 병변의 발견율이 유의하게 높았다 (82%, p=0.036). B그룹에서는 CT와 MRI를 종합하여 판독한 경우 CT를 단독으로 판독한 경우와 비교하여 Az 값이 유의하게 낮았으며(<1 cm, p=0.034; 1-2 cm, p=0.045) MRI 단독 판독과 비교하여서는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 위양성율에 있어서는 CT 단독 판독의 경우, CT와 MRI의 종합 판독과 비교하여 A그룹에서 유의하게 높은 결과를 보였다 (28 %, p=0.023). 결론 : 대장암 환자에서 병기결정에 있어서 일반적으로 행해지는 나선형 CT 외에 부가적 Mn-DPDP 조영증강 MRI는 2 cm 미만의 간 병변의 감별에 있어 유용하며, 특히 1cm 미만의 작은 간 전이 발견에 있어서는 CT 또는 MRI 단독 판독의 경우보다 발견율을 높일 수 있어서 유용할 것으로 생각된다.