• 에너지공학
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

저등급석탄을 효율적으로 활용하기 위한 고품위화 기술에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 저등급석탄을 건조시켜 고발열량 석탄으로 제조하는 과정에서 자연발화에 대한 안정화를 위해 중질유를 분무 코팅하는 방법을 적용하였다. 수분 30wt% 이상의 저등급석탄을 고품위화하여 6,000 kcal/kg 이상의 고발열량 석탄을 제조하였으며, 중질유 분무 코팅을 통해 자연발화에 대한 안정성을 확인하였다. 중질유 분무 코팅의 방법은 석탄을 건조시킨 후 분무 코팅하는 것이 가장 적절한 것으로 나타났으며, 자연발화에 대한 충분한 안정성을 갖기 위해서는 중질유를 2wt% 이상 석탄 표면에 흡착시켜야 하는 것으로 나타 났다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2013

본 논문은 기존 순환골재 생산공장에서 새로운 설비투자나 복잡한 처리공정을 거치지 않고 비교적 용이하게 순환골재의 품질을 개선할 수 있는 효과적인 코팅처리방법을 도출하고, 도출한 코팅처리방법으로 순환골재를 코팅처리하여 그 품질개선 효과를 확인하였다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 순환골재를 코팅하기 위하여 코팅처리용액중 하나인 실리케이트 용액을 경제성 있게 알맞은 농도로 희석하여 사용하였으며, 골재의 코팅방법을 달리하여 12가지 종류의 코팅골재에 대한 물성평가를 실시하였다. 또한 가장 좋은 물성을 나타낸 코팅골재를 사용하여 콘크리트를 제조하였다. 이상의 실험결과 골재를 코팅처리용액에 함침 및 건조를 반복하였을 때 골재의 품질이 가장 우수하게 나타났고, 다른 코팅방법 또한 물성이 코팅처리 전 골재보다는 향상되는 것으로 나타났으나, KS 기준에는 미치는 못하는 결과를 나타내었다. 또한, 가장 좋은 물성을 나타낸 골재를 가지고 콘크리트를 제조한 결과 설계기준강도를 만족시키는 압축강도가 측정되었으며, 설계기준강도 24MPa 이하의 도로시설물을 축조할 때 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.28-36
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• 2013

에너지 보안의 위기를 타파하기 위한 가장 많은 관심을 가지고 있는 것 중 하나가 지중 속 매장되어 있는 석탄이다. 본 연구에서는 지중에서 석탄을 직접 채굴을 하지 않고 지중 내 석탄 가스화를 직접 진행할 수 있는 지중 석탄가스화 공정에 대하여 화학 반응 공정 모사를 진행하였다. 본 연구는 1980년대 말에 미국의 Rocky Mountain 1 지중 석탄가스화 프로젝트를 참고로 진행을 하여 기본 모델을 완성하였다. 그리고 산화제 주입조건에 따른 민감도 분석을 통하여 합성가스의 조성 결과를 확인하였다. 반응 모델은 건조, 열분해, 촤 가스화로 나누어 모델이 구현되었고 실제 실험값에서의 생산된 가스량, 가스화 된 탄소량, 가스 수율 등의 값으로 결과를 확인하였다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

The increase of OCC solid content after wet pressing will save drying energy greatly. We applied spacers, which used to increase draining rate and bulk in fiber furnishes, to increase the OCC solid contents. MDF fibers (fibers for making medium density fiberboard) and diatomaceous earth were used as spacers, and added 10% by weight to the OCC fiber furnish. Application of high wet pressing pressure to the mixed furnish of spacers and refined OCC did not deteriorate bulk and drainage rate, but their solid contents were increased to 0.5-1.5% without loss of compressive strength when compared to those of unrefined OCC, which is the furnish normally used for mill commercial practice. It is believed that the spacers caused the rate of solid content increase faster in the mixed furnish with OCC at high wet pressing pressure area than the unrefined OCC furnish did. Little amount of starch addition (0.5%) to the spacers helped to keep the strength properties.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 PAN PACIFIC CONFERENCE vol.2
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• pp.271-278
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• 2006

We used polymers of alternating cationic and anionic nature to build up shells on fiber surfaces, strengthen the worn-out fibers and improve paper properties made from such fibers. OCC and ONP pulps were either dipped or salted out in the cationic polyallylamine, polyacrylamide and starch solutions. After centrifugal drying, these were followed by treatments in anionic polyacrylic acid, poly-acrylamide, and starch solutions, respectively. The shell-enhanced fibers were formed into handsheets and their physical properties evaluated. The results show that building multiple shells on worn-out fiber surfaces can strengthen the fibers and paper. The simpler and more practical impregnation-centrifuging treatment provided the desired effects, whereas salting out the polymers produced somewhat superior fibers. The latter process, were impractical, however. The first pair of polymeric shells imparted marked strength improvement, whereas later layers had diminishing efficacies. Overall, the methods can improve fiber quality, attaining paper strength requirements without resorting to expensive measures. Alternate cationic polymer and filler powders were also deposited on fiber surface based on the micriparticle system in an anticipation of stiffness gains. Platy minerals, such as montmorillonite, bentonite, sericite, clay and talc were added following cationic PAM. After dewatering of polymer-pigment shelled fiber of one to 3 pairs of layers, handsheets either calendered or uncalendered were evaluated. The results indicate that regardless of calendaring, stiffness of the handsheets did not improve appreciably while certain other strength properties showed gains. We also attempted the novel starch gel filler addition method wherein tapioca starch and filers (PCC, sericite or clay) were mixed at high solids content of 50% and cooked until gelatinized. The filled handsheets were dried under various conditions and then tested for their properties. Improvements in strengths of modified filled paper were observed.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2011

This study was conducted to evaluate the genotoxcity of gamma-irradiated Undaria pinnadifida after harvest for enhancing the storage and microbial safety during drying process. The harvested seaweed was irradiated with the doses of 1 and 10 kGy. The genotoxicity was evaluated by Ames test (Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay) and SOS chromotest. The results from all samples were negative in the bacterial reversion assay with S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100. No mutagenicity was detected in the assay, at both with and without metabolic activation. The SOS chromotest also indicated that the gamma-irradiated U. pinnadifida did not show any mutagenicity. Therefore, this study indicated that gamma irradiation could be used for extending the shelf-life of U. pinnadifida.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2017

In this study, a remedial investigation using reductive stabilization was conducted to treat Cr(VI)-contaminated soil. The influences of various operational parameters, including reaction time and the mass of ferrous iron, were also evaluated. The study site was contaminated with a large amount of Cr(III) and Cr(VI), and the selected treatment method was to stabilize Cr(VI) with ferrous iron, which reduced Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and stabilized the chromium, although a greater mass of ferrous iron than the stoichiometric amount was required to stabilize the Cr(VI). However, some Cr(III) re-oxidized to Cr(VI) during the drying process, and addition of a strong reducing agent was required to maintain reducing conditions. With this reducing agent, the treated soil met the required regulatory standard, and the mass of Cr(III) re-oxidized to Cr(VI) was significantly reduced, compared to the use of only Fe(II) as a reducing agent.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.855-860
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• 2021

커피는 국내뿐만 아니라 전 세계인들에게 인기 있는 음료로서 그 소비는 점점 늘어나는 추세에 있다. 커피 소비 증가는 커피를 추출하고 발생되는 커피 찌꺼기 또한 증가하고 있으며, 다양한 분야로 재활용을 시도하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 재활용 방법들은 재활용 과정들이 복잡하고 전문적인 기술을 필요로 한다. 하지만 본 연구에서는 커피 찌꺼기, 한천분말, 가루풀을 적정 비율로 배합하여 시멘트 건축마감 재료로 활용하였다. 본 재활용 방법은 제조 방법이 간단하고 시멘트벽에서 방출되는 라돈을 1회 바름으로 2.5시간, 2회 바름으로 3.9시간을 지연시켜 실내 공기질을 향상시킬 수 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 커피 찌꺼기 혼합물을 바른 후 건조과정에서 발생하는 균열을 매우기 위하여 2회 바름으로서 미관적인 완성도와 벽면에서 커피 찌꺼기가 탈락되는 것을 방지할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.23-34
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• 2019

Fat reduction in the formulation of cheese emulsion causes problems in its flowability and functional characteristics during spray-dried cheese powder production. In order to eliminate these problems, the potential of using microparticulated whey protein (MWP) in cheese emulsions was examined in this study. Reduced-fat white-brined cheese emulsions (RF) with different dry-matters (DM) (15%, 20%, and 25% excluding emulsifying salt) were produced using various MWP concentrations (0%-20% based on cheese DM of emulsion). Their key characteristics were compared to full-fat cheese emulsion (FF). MWP addition had no influence on prevention of the phase separation observed in the instable group (RF 15). The most notable effect of using MWP was a reduction in apparent viscosity of RF which significantly increased by fat reduction. Moreover, increasing the amount of MWP led to a decrease in the values of consistency index and an increase in the values of flow behavior index. On the other hand, using high amounts of MWP made the emulsion more liquid-like compared to full-fat counterpart. MWP utilization also resulted in similar lightness and yellowness parameters in RF as their full-fat counterparts. MWP in RF increased glossiness and flowability scores, while decreased mouth coating scores in sensory analyses. Fat reduction caused a more compact network, while a porous structure similar to FF was observed with MWP addition to RF. In conclusion, MWP showed a good potential for formulation of reduced-fat cheese emulsions with rheological and sensorial characteristics suitable to be used as the feeding liquid in the spray drying process.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.193-206
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• 2019

Although concrete is the most widely used construction material, its deficiency in shrinkage and low tensile resistance is undeniable. However, the aforementioned defects can be partially modified by addition of fibers. On the other hand, possibility of adding waste materials in concrete has provided a new ground for use of recycled concrete aggregates in the construction industry. In this study, a constant combination of recyclable coarse and fine concrete aggregates was used to replace the corresponding aggregates at 50% substitution percentage. Moreover, in order to investigate the effects of fibers on mechanical and durability properties of recycled aggregate concrete, the amounts of 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5% steel fibers (ST) and 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.15% polypropylene (PP) fibers by volumes were used individually and in hybrid forms. Compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), water absorption, toughness, elastic modulus and shrinkage of samples were investigated. The results of mechanical properties showed that PP fibers reduced the compressive strength while positive impact of steel fibers was evident both in single and hybrid forms. Tensile and flexural strength of samples were improved and the energy absorption of samples containing fibers increased substantially before and after crack presence. Growth in toughness especially in hybrid fiber-reinforced specimens retarded the propagation of cracks. Modulus of elasticity was decreased by the addition of PP fibers while the contrary trend was observed with the addition of steel fibers. PP fibers decreased the ultrasonic pulse velocity slightly and had undesirable effect on water absorption. However, steel fiber caused negligible decline in UPV and a small impact on water absorption. Steel fibers reduce the drying shrinkage by up to 35% when was applied solely. Using fibers also resulted in increasing the ductility of samples in failure. In addition, mechanical properties changes were also evaluated by statistical analysis of MATLAB software and smoothing spline interpolation on compressive, flexural, and indirect tensile strength. Using shell interpolation, the optimization process in areas without laboratory results led to determining optimal theoretical points in a two-parameter system including steel fibers and polypropylene.