• 한국패류학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2009

This study was performed to determine the effect of temperature condition on growth of juvenile abalone Haliotis discus hannai with the different feeds. Two types of feed (dry sea tangle and experimental diet) at water temperatures of 20 and $23^{\circ}C$, and 23 and $26^{\circ}C$ were applied to experimental abalone twice. Forty-five juvenile abalone averaging 10.1 g in the first feeding trial and 11.5 g in the second feeding trial were randomly stocked into 6 of 50 L plastic rectangular containers each. Fishmeal, soybean meal and shrimp head meal was used as the primary protein source in the experimental diet. And dextrin and wheat flour, and soybean oil were used as the primary carbohydrate and lipid sources in the experimental diet, respectively. The dry sea tangle and experimental diet were fed to abalone once a day at the ratio of 1.5-2.0% total biomass of abalone with a little leftover in each experimental condition. Weight gain of abalone was significantly affected by feed type, but not by water temperature in the first feeding trial. Regardless of water temperature, weight gain of abalone fed the experimental diet was significantly higher than that of abalone fed the dry sea tangle. However, weight gain of abalone was significantly affected by water temperature, but not by feed type in the second feeding trial. Weight gain was highest in abalone fed the experimental diet at $23^{\circ}C$, followed by abalone fed the dry sea tangle at $23^{\circ}C$, abalone fed the experimental diet and dry sea tangle at $26^{\circ}C$, which was lowest. Moisture and crude protein content of the edible portion of abalone was significantly affected by feed type, but not by water temperature in the second feeding trial. However, ash content of the edible portion of abalone was significantly affected by water temperature, but not by feed type. In considering these results, it can be concluded that the well formulated feed was superior to the dry sea tangle for growth of juvenile abalone, and water temperature conditions of 20 and $23^{\circ}C$ seemed to be better than $26^{\circ}C$ to improve weight gain of abalone.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.995-1002
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• 2000

본 연구는 in vitro에서 여러 식이섬유의 Na흡착효과를 측정하였고 다시마내의 alginate의 Na 흡착능을 측정하고 다시마 첨가김치의 소금(Na) 흡착기능으로 저염 기능성 김치를 개발하려고 하였다. 여러 식이섬유의 표품으로 Na흡착효과를 시험한 결과, alginate와 sodium alginate, 그리고 다시마에서 추출한 alginate가 가장 큰 효과가 있었다. Sodium alginate는 산에서도 용해된 상태로써 위장에서부터 Na를 흡착하여 (29.9%) 소장까지 내려가지만(33.8%) alginate와 다시마에서 추출한 alginate는 소장의 알칼리 상태에서 32.3%와 27.4%의 Na 흡착능을 보였다. 다시마내의 alginate함량은 건다시마의 경우 건조물당 22.2%, 염장다시마는 21.9%, 30분 침지 후3회 세척한 염장다시마는 19.8%였다 관능검사를 통하여 염장 다시마를 세척한 다시마를 0.5$\times$3 cm 형태로 절단하여 김치레시피의 30%첨 가한 김치를 제조하였다. 다시마김치의 이화학적 특성, 젖산균의 변화 그리고 관능검사를 통해 그 특성을 살펴 본 결과 대조김치에 비해 환원당 함량과 젖산균이 많았으며 발효속도는 다소 빨랐고 특히 다시마첨가 김치는 대조김치와 다시마젓갈첨가 김치보다 탄산미가 많고 군덕내가 적은 것이 특징이었다. 다시마첨가김치는 대조김치에 비해 수용성 식이섬유의 양이 건조물당 6.2%에서 9.2%로 증가되었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.973-980
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• 1998

To investigate the effect of sea tangle on immune function in normal and diabetic states, 10-week old ICR mice were feed control(C) and sea tangle(5) diets containing 5%(w/w) cellulose and 13.6%(w/w) dry sea tangle for 4 weeks. After 4 weeks, three quarters of mice(CD and SD) were made diabetic by intramuscular injection of streptozotocin(150mg/kg bw). On the 4th day after diabetes was apparent by urinary glucose, one third of diabetic mire(CDG and SDG) were treated with glipizide(20mg/kg bw) and the other third(CDM and SDM) with metformin (500mg/kg bw) orally. Spleen weights of diabetic mice with no hypoglycemic drug treatment appeared to be higher in the sea tangle group(SD) than in control(CD), but were not different when drugs were administered. Data on splenocyte proliferation stimulated by lipopolysaccaride from Salmonella abortus equi(0.l$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) showed that sea tangle increased mitogen response in normal mice(C group vs S group) and appeared to have the same effect in diabetic mice with or without drug treatment. Splenocyte proliferation induced by concanavalin A(0.1$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) also showed similar results, although there were not statistically significant. Concentration of interleukin-2(IL-2) released from splenocytes of the S group seemed higher than from the C group, but the IL-2 concentrations were not different among six diabetic groups. Results of fatty acid compositions of splenocyte phospholipids showed that diabetes reduced arachidonic acid/linoleic acid ratios and that sea tangle intake and glipizide treatments increased contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids. It is concluded that dietary sea tangle has a positive effect on splenocyte proliferation under normal condition and could have the same effect under diabetic conditions. IL-2 appears to be one of factors mediating the effect but involvement of membrane fatty arid changes and other unknown factors needs lurker Investigation. (Korean J Nutrition 31(6) : 973-980, 1998)

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.952-959
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• 1998

To investigate the effect of sea tangle on macrophage activity in normal and diabetic states, 10week old ICR mice were fed control(C) and sea tangle(S) diet containing 5%(w/w) cellulose and 13.6%(w/w) dry sea tangle for four weeks, after which two thirds of mice(CD and SD) were made diabetic by intramuscular injection of streptozotocin(150mg/kg bw). At 4th day after diabetes was apparent by urinary glucose, one half of diabetic mice(CDM and SDM) were treated with metformin(500mg/kg bw) orally. Peritoneal macrophages obtained from 3%-thioglycollate treated mice were cultured in the presence of lipopolysaccaride from Salmonella abortus equi(10$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) for 24 hrs and tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$(TNF$\alpha$), interleukin-1$\beta$(1L-1$\beta$)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) were measured in culture media. Release of IL-1$\beta$and PGE2 from macrophage were increased in normal mice by sea tangle diet and had the same tedency in diabetic mice with or without metformin treatment although not statistically significant. Release of TNF$\alpha$ tended to be reduced by diabetes but were not changed significantly by sea tangle diet. Fatty acid compositions of macrophage and liver phospholipids showed that diabetes reduced arachidonic acid/linoleic acid ratio and sea tangle diet appeared to increase contentsof polyunsaturated fatty acids.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2016

Purpose: The present study is aimed at examining the drying characteristics of sea tangle through a combination of microwave and far-infrared drying experiment and finding the optimal drying conditions. Methods: Sea tangle was cleaned and cut into fine pieces (5mm) before they were subjected to combinational drying by microwave and far-infrared ray. The amount of specimen per drying is 2 kg. The finely cut pieces of sea tangle were preheated in a microwave dryer for three different lengths of time (10, 15, and 20 min). Subsequently, they were dried using a far-infrared dryer at tow temperatures ($90^{\circ}C$ and $100^{\circ}C$) at an air velocity of 0.8 m/s until the final moisture content reduced to 10%. Results: Sea tangle dried under the condition of 20 min of preheating in the microwave dryer and drying at $100^{\circ}C$ by the far-infrared dryer. Of the drying models verified in this study, the logarithmic model showed high accuracy with the coefficient of determination $R^2>0.7825$ and RMSE<0.1095. The rehydration ratio of sea tangle was the highest (12.87 g water/g dry matter) under the condition of 15 min of preheating in the microwave dryer and drying at $100^{\circ}C$ by the far-infrared dryer. The energy consumption for the combination of microwave and far-infrared drying was the lowest (4.78 kJ/kg water) under the condition of 20 min of preheating in the microwave dryer and drying at $100^{\circ}C$ by the far-infrared dryer. Conclusions: Considering the drying time, discoloration during drying, rehydration ratio, and energy consumption for the drying of sea tangle, the optimal drying conditions for high-quality sea tangle are 15 min of preheating in a microwave dryer and drying at $100^{\circ}C$ by a far-infrared dryer.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.438-444
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• 2002

조직이 단단하여 이용률이 낮은 해조류의 조직을 가수분해시키고 유용성분을 효율적으로 추출하기 위하여, 자연계에서 미생물을 탐색하여 해조류의 가수분해에 사용하고자 하였다. 우선 자연계에서 약 200종류의 미생물군 시료를 수집하고, 이중에서 다시마와 미역의 조직파괴가 인정되는 33군의 시료를 사용하여 다시마와 미역의 조직파괴 및 가수분해 가능성에 대하여 검토하였다. 소의 배설물에서 취한 시료 (No. 5), 공중낙하균군 시료 (No.33), 토양에서 취한 시료 (No. 10, 26), 담수에서 취한 시료 (No.27, 30) 및 부식한 식물에서 취한 시료 (No. 8, 28)에서 다시마와 미역의 조체 붕괴가 관찰되었다 그리고 이들 미생물군들을 다시 다시마와 미역에 접종하여 4주간 배양하고, 그 배양물 중의 전당과 환원당 함량, 추출을 및 분해율을 측정한 결과 두 해조 모두에서 시료 번호 27번과 8번이 가수분해에 가장 효과적이었다 이들 미생물군에 의하여 가수분해된 배양물에서 전당의 추출율은 다시마에서 각각 $68.55\%$ 및 $44.02%$이었고, 미역에서는 각각 $80.87\%$ 및 $62.60\%$이었다. 그리고 환원당의 추출율은 다시마에서 각각 $47.59%$ 및 $28.81\%$, 미역에서는 각각 $76.83\%$ 및 $39.01\%$이었다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2011

The sea tangle, Laminaria japonica has long been used in Korea as a folk remedy to promote health. Gamma-amino butyric acid-enriched (5.56% of dry weight) sea tangle was obtained by fermentation with Lactobacillus brevis BJ-20 (FLJ). A suppressive effect of FLJ on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity has been shown previously. Alcohol administration to Sprague-Dawley rats leads to hepatotoxicity, as demonstrated by heightened levels of hepatic marker enzymes as well as increases in both the number and volume of lipid droplets as fatty liver progresses. However, FLJ attenuated alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity and the accumulation of lipid droplets following ethanol administration. Additionally, FLJ increased the activities and transcript levels of major alcoholmetabolizing enzymes, such as alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase, and reduced blood concentrations of alcohol and acetaldehyde. These data suggest that FLJ protects against alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity and that FLJ could be used as an ingredient in functional foods to ameliorate the effects of excessive alcohol consumption.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.1143-1150
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• 2005

한국에서 널리 식용으로 이용되고 있는 미역, 다시마, 톳(갈조류), 파래(녹조류), 김(홍조류)의 항산화효과와 총 플라보노이드와 폴리페놀 함량과의 관련성을 알아보고자 건조 상태의 시판 해조류로부터 에탄올 추출시료를 얻은 후 $Fe^{2+}$로 유도된 지질과산화 억제율, DPPH 라디칼 소거율 및 MDA-BSA 결합 저해율을 측정하는 3가지 방법으로 항산화효과를 검정 하였고, 총 플라보노이드와 폴리페놀 함량을 측정하였다. 그 결과, 녹조류인 파래의 항산화효과가 가장 우수하였는데, 특히 지질과산화물이 단백질과 결합하는 반응을 매우 효과적으로 저해하였다. 그 다음 김과 다시마의 항산화효과가 우수하였으며, 미 역과 톳은 항산화효과가 거의 없었다. 총 플라보노이드 함량은 미역이 11.63 mg/g 건조무게로 가장 높았고, 총 폴리페놀 함량은 파래가 8.97 mg/g 건조무게로 가장 높았다. 한편, 3가지 방법에 의해 측정된 해조류의 항산화효과 모두가 총 폴리페놀 함량과 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였으며, 특히 지질과산화억제율과 매우 높은 상관관계를 나타내어(r=0.9351, p<0.0001), 해조류에서의 항산화효과에 폴리페놀 성분이 크게 기여할 가능성을 보였다.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.309-316
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• 2008

사료내 다양한 사료 첨가제 공급에 따른 전복의 성장과 스트레스(공기중 노출, 급격한 온도 변화 및 급격한 염분 변화)에 대한 전복의 내성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 21개의 직사각형 50 L 플라스틱 용기에 각각 70 마리의 치패(시작시 무게 4.2 g)를 수용하여 3개의 1.3톤 raceway에 분산 수용하였다. 다양한 원료의 사료첨가제를 이용하여 6종류의 실험사료 [대조구 (CON), 녹차부산물 첨가(BPC), 무화과엑기스 첨가(EF), 녹차엑기스 첨가(EG), 시판용 해록상품 첨가(PH) 및 Haematococcus 첨가(HC)]를 제조하였으며, 이들 실험사료의 유용성을 평가하기 위하여 건조 다시마(ST)를 공급하는 실험구와 비교하였다. 실험사료는 어분, 대두박 및 새우머리분을 주요 단백질원으로 공급하였으며, 덱스트린, 다시마분말 및 소맥분을 주요 탄수화물원으로 공급하였으며, 대두유와 어유를 주요 지질원으로 공급하여 주었다. 전복은 1일 1회 사료가 조금씩 남아서 만복시까지 먹게끔 충분한 양의 사료를 공급하여 주었다. 각 실험구는 3반복구를 두었으며, 총 사육기간은 16주간이었다. 16주간의 사육실험 종료후, 각 실험 구에서 생존한 전복은 10마리씩 무작위로 추출하여 공기노출, 급격한 온도 변화 및 급격한 염분변화의 스트레스를 주어서 이들의 누적폐사율을 조사하였다. 16주간의 사육실험 종료시 전복의 생존율은 다시마를 공급한 실험구에서 가장 높았다. 그러나 전복의 체중증가는 무화과엑기스, 녹차엑기스 및 해록상품을 첨가한 실험사료를 공급한 실험구에서 녹차부산물 첨가한 시험구 또는 다시마를 공급한 실험구에 비하여 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 전복의 각장은 다시마를 공급한 실험구에 비하여 실험용 사료를 공급한 모든 실험구에서 유의적으로 높게 나타났다 다양한 형태의 스트레스에 노출시 전복의 누적폐사율은 다시마를 공급한 실험 구에서 낮게 나타났으며, Haematococcus 첨가구 및 무화과엑기스 첨가구에서도 비교적 낮은 전복의 폐사율을 보였다. 이상의 결과를 고려할 때, 본 실험에 이용된 다양한 사료첨가제는 전복의 성장을 개선시키는데 효과적이며, 특히 Haematococcus와 무화과엑기스는 다양한 형태의 스트레스의 내성을 개선시키는 사료 첨가제로서 이용 가능한 것으로 판단된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.537-547
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• 1999

This study was designed to investigate the effects of sea tangle (Laminaria japonica) extract (Dasi-Ex group: dry base 4.0%) and fucoidan-added (Fuco-I, II, III group: fucoidan of 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0% added to Dasi-Ex) beverages on the anti-stress action. ICR male mice (20$\pm$2g) were fed basic experimental diets and given free through water bottle filled with these beverages instead of water for 18 days including sociopsychological stress. Body weight gains were consistently lower in Dasi-Ex and Fuco-I,II,III groups compared with control group, expecting in a inhibitory effect of obesity. Dasi-Ex group resulted in a significant decrease of 25% in serum corticosterone (CS) secretion, while Fuco-I,IIand IIIgroups resulted in a marked decreases of 45~55% in serum CS secretion compared with control group. Noradrenaline (NA) secretions were significantly increased about 15% in Dasi-Ex group, and 20~22% in Fuco-I,II,III groups compared with control group. Significant differences in brain MHPG-SO4 levels of Dasi-Ex group could not be obtained, but Fuco-I,II,III groups resulted in a marked decreases of 20~25% in brain MHPG-SO4 ratio of brain, but Fuco-I,II and III groups resulted in a marked increases of 45~60% in NA/MHPG-SO4 ratio of brain compared with control group. These results suggest that fucoidan beverage may play a effective role in a ridding of the sociopsychological stress by pivotal anti-stress effect of fucoidan.