• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.1208-1218
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to report three cases of post-COVID-19 dry cough that persisted even after taking Western medicine but was successfully treated with Maekmundong-tang. Methods: Three patients who were treated with Maekmundong-tang from March to June 2022 were selected from patients who visited Dong-Eui University Korean Medicine Hospital with post-Covid-19 dry cough. Jeil Maekmundong-tang Ext. granules were used to improve the cough. The effect of the treatment was evaluated using a visual analog scale, cough symptom score, and cough assessment test. Results: After the treatment, Cases 1, 2, and 3 showed decreases from 90 to 30, 65 to 0, and 70 to 20, respectively, for the visual analog scale score, decreases from 9 to 3, 5 to 0, and 5 to 3, respectively, for the cough symptom score, and decreases from 20 to 4, 9 to 1, and 8 to 3, respectively, for the cough assessment test score. Conclusion: Maekmundong-tang provided an effective improvement in the post-COVID-19 dry cough that persisted even after taking Western medicine.

• CELLMED
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.2.1-2.4
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• 2018

A case of chronic dry cough which was tried to be treated through so many medications in a period of two months, responded very well to a simple ayurvedic remedy composing of a common formulation chosen as per the ayurvedic principles of pathogenesis and management. This case may be an eye opener to the concurrent ayurvedic clinical practice and invites ayurvedic practitioners to stick to their own principles of disease management for obtaining better responses.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.2 s.28
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• pp.321-333
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• 1994

1. Autum-dryness syndrome(秋燥) is caused by dry-warm or dry=-cool weather condition when lower-warmer Eumfen(下焦陰分) was injured by jung hyoul hatal(精血下脫) or taking medicines of dryness in autumn. 2. The symptoms of autum-dryness syndrome are headach, fever, chilling, anhydrosis, dry cough, tinnitis, dry lip, dry skin, chest discomfort in cool-dryness syndrome(凉燥) and headach, fever, dry cough, paroxymal cough, dry skin, chest pain, polydipsia, tinnitis, eye redness, sore throat in heat-dryness syndrome(溫燥). 3. Hyangsochongsitang(香蘇蔥頭湯) chn be applied for terating cool-dryness syndrome(凉燥) and chungjogoopyetang(淸燥救肺湯) for heat-dryness syndrome(溫燥). Sang Hang Tang(桑杏湯) can be administered when the evils located in the upper-warmer, and Yukmihwan(六味丸) can be administered when located in the lower-warmer(下焦) 4. According the determination of treatment based on the differentiation of symptoms and signs. When the symptoms of Weifen syndrome(衛分證) are headach, fever, dry lip or chilling or dypsia and the treatment of weifen syndrome apply Hangsosan(行蘇散) or Sang hang tang(桑杏湯). When the symptoms of Qifen syndrome(氣分證) are tinnitis, eye redness, sore throat, chest discomfort, polydipsia, dry cough, watery diarrhea, constipation and Jibaekjihwang(知栢地黃丸) when Ohingulpitang(五仁橘皮湯) Chungjogupyetang(淸燥救肺湯) can are applied for treating Qifen syndrome(氣分證). When the symptoms of younghylfen syndrome(營血分證) are dry cough, watery diarrhea, dypsia, chest discomfort, hematemesis, epistaxis and agyohwang keum tang(阿膠湯) Oknyujun(玉女煎) can be applied for treating Younghyulfen syndrome(營血分證).

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.35-47
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• 1992

This study has been carried out to compare the exogenous cough(外感咳嗽) to western medicine. The results were as follows: 1. The exogenous cough(外感咳嗽) on the oriental medicine was similar to U.R.I., Infectious pneumonia, acute bronchitis on the western medicine and acute bronchitis was most similar to the exogenous cough(外感咳嗽). 2. The exogenous cough(外感咳嗽) was caused by the six devils of the environment(六淫) involving the lung and clinically divided into poonghan cough(風寒咳嗽), poongyul cough(風熱咳嗽) and poongjo cough(風燥咳嗽). 3. The symptom of the exogenous cough(外感咳嗽). a. poonghan cough(風寒咳嗽): sputum-rare and white color, laryngeal voice and tickel, stuffed-up and running nose, chilling and fever, headache and generalache, seoltae(舌苔) - thin and white color, pulse - boogin(浮緊). b. poongyul cough(風熱咳嗽): sputum-thick and yellow color, difficult expectoration sore thraot and thirsty, fever and chilling, sweating or headache, seoltae(舌苔) - thin and white color, pulse - boosak(浮數). c. poongjo cough (風燥咳嗽): dry cough with no or a little sputum and difficult expectoration, chest pain, dryness on the pharynx and lips, chilling and fever, seoltae(舌苔) - thin and dry, yellow color, pulse - sesak(細數) 4. The treatment of the exogenous cough(外感咳嗽). a. poonghan cough(風寒咳嗽) : sopoongsanhan sunpyuegihae (疎風散寒 宣肺止咳) b. poongyul cough(風熱咳嗽) : sopoongcheongyul sunpyuegihae (疎風淸熱 宣肺止咳) c. poongjo cough(風操咳嗽) : chungpyueyunjo saenggingihae (淸肺潤燥 生津止咳)

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.162-173
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• 2010

Objectives: In order to confirm a remedial effect and related influence of the clinic treatment by prescribing herb medicines to hypertensives experiencing angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor dosage and suffering from common side effect generally known as dry cough. Methods: 1. We selected the 19 patients who visited National Oriental Medical Center, from August 21, 2007 to August 16, 2008 and suffering from dry cough caused by taking ACE inhibitor, with no other possible diseases causing dry cough. 2. We separated the 19 patients into two groups (Type 1: Bi-Qi hie (脾氣虛) group prescribed Samchuljojung-tang & Type 2: Qi-hie dam-wul (氣虛痰鬱) group prescribed Samsoumgamibang). 3. We then observed the symptom level and post-treatment effect, and recorded changes of dry cough intensity level for each group. Results: 1. Type 1: In the survey of 12 patients, initial level recorded 16.33 at entry diagnosis, and next level meant changing of symptoms, recorded as 2.75 at Stage 1 and reaching 3.33 at Stage 2. 2. Type 2: 7 patients, with initial level recorded as 18.71 at entry diagnosis, and 1.86 at Stage 1 and reaching to 3.29 at Stage 2. 3. No additional prescriptions were issued at Stage 2 or afterwards, and final result indicates that the mean value ended at 3.95 in the total group. Conclusions: It is concluded that there is a significant remedial effect and related influence of the clinic treatment between the Oriental medicine treatment and one of the common side effects of ACE inhibitor, dry cough.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.61-65
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• 1977

We tried $Cofrel^{\circledR}$ ($Pyrexyl^{\circledR}$ 1-(2-benzyl phenoxy)-2-piperidino-propane phosphate) which is non-narcotic, to evaluate its clinical effect on cough due to respiratory tract diseases-35 cases. 1) Thirty two cases among 35 cases disclosed remarkable effectiveness (91.4% of efficacy) 2) It was almost equally effective in dry cough, productive cough and barking cough. 3) Speed of response was very rapid in 21 cases(60.0) moderately rapid in 12 cases(34.3%). 4) Palatability were excellent in all cases and side effect was not observed. It is very difficult to evaluate effectiveness of anti-tussive drug. However, we concluded that Cofrel is a quite effective medicament for cough in respiratory diseases in children.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.241-250
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• 1999

Background: Persistent nonproductive cough is a major adverse effect encountered with ACE inhibitor treatment and the most frequent reason for withdrawal of the drug. The mechanism of cough was postulated to be associated with accumulation of bronchial irritants which are substrates of ACE. It has been speculated that occurrence of this adverse effect is genetically predetermined ; in particular, variants of the genes encoding ACE. To investigate this relationship, we determined ACE gene Insertion/Deletion polymorphism in subjects with and without a history of ACE inhibitor-induced cough. Methods: Among the 339 patients with ACE inhibitor treatment, subjects who developed cough that resolved when not taking medication were designated to cough group and other subjects who did not complain cough were designated to non-cough group. Clinical characteristics of the patients were collected by review of medical records. ACE genotypes were determined by PCR amplification of DNA from peripheral blood and agarose gel electrophoresis. Results: 37 patients complained of dry cough(cough group) and 302 patients did not complained of cough(non-cough group). The incidence of ACE inhibitor induced dry cough was 10.9%. There was a preponderance of females in the cough group (M : F=24.3% : 75.7%) compared to the non-cough group (M : F=49.7% : 50.3%, p=0.004). There was no significant difference in mean age, underlying diseases, and kinds and frequencies of ACE inhibitors and their mean dosage between the both groups. ACE genotypic frequencies were I/I : I/D : D/D=16.2% : 18.9% : 64.9% in the cough group and 18.9% : 18.2% : 62.9% in the non-cough group which showed no significant difference between the both groups(p=0.926). Allelic frequencies were I : D = 25.7% : 74.3% and 28.0% : 72.0% in the cough and non-cough group respectively and the difference was not significant(p = 0.676). Conclusion: The incidence of ACE inhibitor-induced cough are 10.9%, and women are more susceptible to ACE inhibitor-induced cough. ACE inhibitor-induced dry cough is not associated with ACE gene Insertion/Deletion polymorphism.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.32 no.5 s.92
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• pp.412-417
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• 2006

A self-administrated non-malignant respiratory symptoms questionnaire was sent to 1,099 citizens who take subway running in Seoul city. Symptom prevalence rate was high: 70.6% of subjects reported 'chest tightness', 43.4%, 'dysphnea'; 76.2%, 'dry cough'; 49.5%, 'runny nose'; 94.4%, 'drowsiness' when they take subway. The groups responding significant higher respiratory and drowsiness symptoms were 'young passengers' (vs elderly passengers), 'the female' (vs male), 'using subway everyday' (vs often), 'using subway for rush-hour time' (vs other than rush-hour), 'using transfer subway' (no transfer), 'using underground track' (vs ground track). Logistic. regression model was employed to find personal and subway characteristics affecting non-malignant respiratory symptoms. This study concluded that respiratory diseases history such as asthma, rhinitis, sinusitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis significantly affect 'dry cough' and 'runny nose'. Thus, passengers with respiratory diseases history shows 2.8 times greater 'dry cough' than and 3.4 times greater 'runny nose' than those passengers without respiratory diseases history felt. This results indicated that several measures have to take to protect sensitive groups such as passengers with respiratory diseases, children and elderly people. Also passenger who use to transfer shows 1.7 times higher runny nose symptoms than that passenger who do not transfer felt.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this case study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of Traditional Korean Medicine as an adjunctive management for breast cancer treatment. Methods : A 56 year-old female patient diagnosed with stage IA(pT1cN0M0) of breast cancer was admitted our hospital. The patient had surgical resection followed by radiation therapy, and conducted adjuvant therapy with aromatase inhibitor. The patient's chief complaints were dry cough, thirst and fatigue, all of which were caused by radiation therapy. Traditional Korean herbal medicine was prescribed for symptom management. The patient's subjective symptoms such as cough, thirst and fatigue were evaluated by NRS. Results : Fatigue was significantly improved within a week. The severity of dry cough and thirst also was decreased after a few courses of herbal medicine treatment. Conclusion : This case study suggests that Tradition Korean Medicine would be beneficial for the patients who are suffering from adverse effects of the standard treatment of cancer.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 1999

Imidapril(Tanatril$^{(R)}$), a newly developed ACE inhibitor, has been used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure. This study was designed to assess the antihypertensive effect and safety of Imidapril(Tanatril$^{(R)}$) in patients with essential hypertension. 5-10mg of imidapril(Tanatril$^{(R)}$) was administered once a day in 30 patients with essential hypertension and followed up for 8 weeks. We tested the drug's effectiveness, safety, and the incidence of imidapril induced dry coughs. After 8 weeks of treatment with imidapril, 76.2%(16/21) of patients showed lowered blood pressure and 47.6% showed normal blood pressure. The overall incidence of adverse effects was 33.3%(7/21), and among these adverse effects, dry cough was shown in only 9.5%. Thus, we concluded that imidapril(Tanatril$^{(R)}$) is as safe and effective as other ACE inhibitors, especially with imidapril showing very little incidence of dry cough compared to other ACE inhibitors.