• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.465-472
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• 2021

In this paper, we present an approach for detection of adverse drug reactions from drug reviews to compensate limitations of the spontaneous adverse drug reactions reporting system. Considering negative reviews usually contain adverse drug reactions, sentiment analysis on drug reviews was performed and extracted negative reviews. After then, MedDRA dictionary and named entity recognition were applied to the negative reviews to detect adverse drug reactions. For the experiment, drug reviews of Celecoxib, Naproxen, and Ibuprofen from 5 drug review sites, and analyzed. Our results showed that detection of adverse drug reactions is able to compensate to limitation of under-reporting in the spontaneous adverse drugs reactions reporting system.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.6-23
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• 2015

This study develops an effective method for sentiment analysis of user-generated content on drug review websites, which has not been investigated extensively compared to other general domains, such as product reviews. A clause-level sentiment analysis algorithm is developed since each sentence can contain multiple clauses discussing multiple aspects of a drug. The method adopts a pure linguistic approach of computing the sentiment orientation (positive, negative, or neutral) of a clause from the prior sentiment scores assigned to words, taking into consideration the grammatical relations and semantic annotation (such as disorder terms) of words in the clause. Experiment results with 2,700 clauses show the effectiveness of the proposed approach, and it performed significantly better than the baseline approaches using a machine learning approach. Various challenging issues were identified and discussed through error analysis. The application of the proposed sentiment analysis approach will be useful not only for patients, but also for drug makers and clinicians to obtain valuable summaries of public opinion. Since sentiment analysis is domain specific, domain knowledge in drug reviews is incorporated into the sentiment analysis algorithm to provide more accurate analysis. In particular, MetaMap is used to map various health and medical terms (such as disease and drug names) to semantic types in the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) Semantic Network.

• Bulletin of Food Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.78-179
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• 2003

Nature 본지는 1896년에 창간된 이래 130년 이상 과학출판에 있어 지대한 영향력을 끼쳐온 과학잡지로 최근 Nature 본지 이외에도 자매지인 Nature Biotechnology(1983년 창간), Nature Cell Biology(1999), Nature Genetics(1992), Nature Meterials(2002), Nature Immunology(1999), Nature Medicine(1995), Nature Neuroscience(1998), Nature Structural Biology(1994)의 8개의 Nature Reserch Journal이 있으며 6개의 Nature Reviews(Nature Reviews Cancer, Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Nature Reviews Genetics, Nature Reviews Immunology, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, Nature Reviews Neuroscience)가 있다. Nature 본지는 Editorials, News, News Feature, Correspondence, Commentary, Books and Arts, Concepts, News and Views, Brief Communications, Review Article, Articles, Letter to Nature, Naturejob 등으로 구성된 주간지로 과학전반에 걸친 중요한 성과를 즉각적으로 출판할 기회 뿐 아니라 과학에 관한 뉴스나 이슈 등에 대한 토론의 장을 제공하기도 한다. Nature 본지의 2002년 ISI impact factor는 30.432로 SCI에 등재된 저널중에서 매우 높은 수위를 차지하고 있다. 따라서 Nature 본지에 게재된 식품 및 유관 분야에 대한 조사 분석 결과를 게재하오니 향후 투고 방향 설정에 참고하시기 바랍니다. 식품기술에서는 계속적으로 update할 예정입니다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.3-13
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• 2013

Chronic noncancer pain is a significant and growing public health challenge in the United States. Lacking effective alternative interventions for effective chronic noncancer pain management, many physicians have turned to opioid pharmacotherapy. Increased opioid prescribing brings not only gains in therapeutic benefit but also a higher incidence of adverse drug events including increased medication misuse and opioid related mortality. Currently the United States must confront the dual problems of widespread undertreated chronic noncancer pain and a prescription opioid abuse crisis. Withholding pain relieving drugs from patients in need is unjustifiable, yet drug diversion, abuse and adverse drug events have become major social as well as medical problems. At the heart of this crisis is the lack of definitive evidence about the risk to benefit ratio of opioid pharmacotherapy for chronic noncancer pain both on an individual case and on a population basis. This article describes the extent and severity of the American chronic noncancer pain problem and the history of opioid pharmacotherapy for chronic noncancer pain in the United States. It then discusses the concept of evidence based practice and reviews current evidence supporting opioid pharmacotherapy for chronic noncancer pain as well as adverse drug events related to opioid pharmacotherapy including misuse and abuse. Finally, it considers the conflict of providing pain relief versus protecting society and reviews steps that governmental agencies, industry and others are taking to contain and ultimately resolve the problems of excessive prescribing and conflicting priorities.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.73-80
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• 2012

This study was to determine the inappropriate drug use in pediatric outpatients who received 2 or more prescriptions on the same day. Retrospective drug utilization reviews (DURs) were implemented to samples obtained from national health insurance claims data during December 2008 to February 2009, using 5 DUR criteria (duplication, drug-drug interaction, drug-disease interaction, drug-age contraindication, incorrect dosage) established in the Drug Information Framework (DIF)-$Korea^{TM}$, DUR program. Among 38,451 claims analyzed in the study, 74.7% had more than one conflicts in the 5 DUR modules. Among 16,472 patients analyzed, 49.6% had conflicts with duplication criteria composing of ingredient duplication (23.3%) and therapeutic class duplication (39.6%). Incorrect dosages were found in 73.6% of patients and under-dosage conflicts accounted for 59.9%, which was higher than over-dosage conflicts (38.3%). In this study, inappropriate drug prescriptions such as under-dose, pediatric contraindication and therapeutic duplication were prevalent in pediatric outpatient settings, suggesting much more awareness to the society, to prevent drug related problems in a vulnerable pediatric group.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.452-465
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• 2008

Hair analysis for drugs of abuse offers the crucial potential advantage when compared to urine, such as the longer time window of drug intake, which makes retrospective investigation of chronic and/or past consumption. This paper reviews the physiological basis of hair growth, mechanism of drug incorporation, analytical methods, result interpretation and practical application of hair analysis. Moreover, to facilitate the court's decision regarding specific circumstances surrounding the crime, this review demonstrated that the results of hair analysis not only should be admitted as scientific evidence of drug use but also could legally improve reliability of the evidence.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.104-109
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• 2003

The present paper reviews the notion and comparison of the Korea Food and Drug Administration(KFDA) general pharmacology and the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) safety pharmacology. General pharmacology or safety pharmacology is termed the study to determine the potential of a compound to induce adverse pharmacological effects. KFDA general pharmacology studies have been considered an important component in drug safety assessment and these were originally referred to those designed to examine effects other than the primary therapeutics effect of a drug candidate. The KFDA notified the Guideline for General Pharmacology in 1997. Safety pharmacology studies were focused on identifying adverse effects on physiological functions. In the ICH came into place S7A Safety Pharmacology Studies for Human Pharmaceuticals in 2001. A new chemical entity should be assessed for its side effects, initially in those physiological systems which are generally agreed to be the key systems that are essential for life; these "core system" include the central nervous system, cardiovascular system and respiratory system in safety pharmacology studies. These studies should be performed in compliance with Good Laboratory Practice (GLP).

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.20-29
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• 2013

Medical errors such as adverse drug event, improper transfusion, wrong-site surgery, mistaken patient identity and so on commonly occur at health care practice. Information technology, like Drug Utilization Review(DUR) system which reviews, analyzes, and interprets medication data when prescribing, can play a key role in reducing such medical errors and improving patient safety. Korean Government has guided all hospitals to implement concurrent DUR(cDUR) system, which is the first case worldwide in that all healthcare providers have to use cDUR system when prescribing. This paper introduced a case study that a tertiary hospital has integrated the cDUR system into its comprehensive Hospital Information System(HIS) and analyzed the whole prescription data during a week right after adoption of cDUR system. Considering technical strength and weakness, the cDUR system was integrated into the HIS, using Broker Servers for minimizing doctors' anxiety. As the quantitative analysis of the whole prescription data, DUR conflict events, which mainly included duplicate medications and contra-indicated drug interactions for outpatients, were 2.77%. Although only 0.7% is for the contra-indicated drug interactions, it will be greatly devoted to achieve the purpose of DUR such as improving patient safety.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.62-70
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• 2024

Background: Drug-related problems have the potential to threaten patient health, and pharmacists are in a position to prevent such problems through prescription reviews and patient counseling, actively engaging in pharmaceutical care activities. This study aims to categorize and analyze the intervention activities of pharmacists in community pharmacies concerning drug-related problems, following international criteria. Methods: Over a six-month period, prescription interventions completed in a community pharmacy in Seoul were selected as the research subjects. The causes of interventions were classified according to the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE) drug-related problems (DRPs) classification system and the types and frequencies of DRPs were identified. Results: Among a total of 49,334 prescriptions, 527 interventions were completed, constituting approximately 1.07% of the daily average filled prescriptions. Individuals over 60 years of age represented more than 50%. The primary cause of DRPs was prescribing and drug selection issues, comprising 256 cases (48.58%), with specific subcategories including 109 cases of drug selection, 79 cases of treatment duration errors, 47 cases of dose selection, and 21 cases of inappropriate dosage form selection. Patient-related issues accounted for 204 cases (38.71%). Conclusion: The study demonstrated that the pharmacists' intervention in community pharmacies contributes to the safe use of medication by patients.

• Biomaterials and Biomechanics in Bioengineering
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.65-86
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• 2020

As conventional drug delivery system is being improved rapidly by target-based drug delivery system, finding suitable Drug Delivery System (DDS) for new drugs remains a challenge. Although there are many drug delivery vehicles in existence, a significant improvement is required to some DDS such as for local, implant-based treatments used for musculoskeletal infections. Many polymers have been considered for providing the improvement in DDS. Synthetic polymer, for example, has gained popularity for broad-spectrum physicochemical and mechanical properties. This article reviews the biomedical applications of Poly(TriMethylene Carbonate-co-Caprolactone) (PTMCC), which has attracted attention due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability and rubber-like properties. Its synthesis, physical properties, and degradation are also discussed here. Although it is relatively new in biomedical applications, it is readily usable for the fabrication of differing format of DDS of superior mechanical strength and degradation properties. The use of PTMCC is expected to increase in coming years as more is revealed about its potentials.