• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제63권4호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2021

Agricultural drought is a natural phenomenon that is not easy to observe and predict and is difficult to quantify. In South Korea, the amount of agricultural water used is large and the types of use are varied, so even if an agricultural drought occurs due to insufficient precipitation, the drought actually felt in the irrigated area is it can be temporally and spatially different. In order to interpret the general drought in the past, drought disasters were evaluated using single indicators such as drought damage area, precipitation shortage status, and drought index, and a comprehensive drought management system is needed through drought diagnosis survey. Therefore, we intend to conduct research on agricultural drought assessment and diagnosis using re-evaluation of agricultural facilities and irrigation water supply network due to changes in various conditions such as climate change, irrigation canal network, and evaluation of water supply capacity of agricultural facilities. In this study, agricultural drought diagnosis was conducted on two agricultural reservoirs located in Sangju, Gyeongsangbuk-do, with structural or non-structural evaluations to increase spatiotemporal water supply and efficiency in terms of water shortages. The results of the agricultural drought diagnosis evaluation can be used to identify irrigated areas and canal network vulnerable to drought and to prioritize drought response.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제65권3호
• /
• pp.57-67
• /
• 2023

A flash drought is a rapid-onset drought that develops over a short period of time as weather and environmental factors change rapidly, unlike general droughts, due to meteorological abnormalities. Abnormally high evapotranspiration rates and rapid declines in soil moisture increase vegetation stress. In addition, crop yields may decrease due to flash droughts during crop growth and may damage agricultural and economic ecosystems. In this study, Flash Drought Intensity Index (FDII) based on soil moisture data from Gravity Recovery Climate Experiment (GRACE) was used to analyze flash drought. FDII, which is calculated using soil moisture percentile, is expressed by multiplying two factors: the rate of intensification and the drought severity. FDII was developed for domestic flash drought events from 2014 to 2018. The flash drought that occurred in 2018, Chungcheongbuk-do showed the highest FDII. FDII was higher in heat wave flash drought than in precipitation deficit flash drought. The results of this study show that FDII is reliable flash drought analysis tool and can be applied to quantitatively analyze the characteristics of flash drought in South Korea.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제26권4B호
• /
• pp.345-354
• /
• 2006

가뭄은 홍수와는 달리 장기적이고 지속적인 피해를 유발하고, 지역의 경제에 타격을 주며, 생태계 및 환경을 파괴하는 자연재해로서 인간에게 오랫동안 고통을 준다. 이와 같은 가뭄에 대비하고 가뭄을 관리하기 위해 가뭄의 정도를 정량화하고자 하는 연구가 꾸준히 이루어져 왔다. 그 결과 다양한 가뭄지수들이 개발되었으며 이들을 이용해 가뭄감시를 수행하고 있다. 그중 Palmer의 가뭄심도(PDSI)가 가뭄감시와 관리를 위하여 가장 널리 사용되고 있음에도 불구하고, 물순환의 고려없이 기후적인 조건만을 이용하는 단점과 한계성이 여러 학자들에 의해 지적되어 오고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 단점을 극복하기 위해 토양, 토지이용, 기후자료를 입력자료로 하는 준 분포형 장기유출모형인 SWAT모형을 이용하였다. 즉, SWAT 모형을 이용해 토양수(soil water, SW)를 추정하고, 이로부터 계산된 토양수분결핍을 근거로 토양수분지수(soil moisture index, SMI)를 산정하였다. 본 연구에서는 소양강댐 유역에 대해 SWAT 모형을 적용해 구한 토양수분지수와 PDSI를 비교 분석하였다. 즉, 소양강댐 지점의 일유입량 자료를 이용해 SWAT모형을 보정하고 검정하여, 장기 일 토양수를 추정하고, SWAT모형을 통해 모의된 토양수로부터 계산된 토양수분 결핍을 근거로 토양수분지수를 산정하였다. 본 연구를 통해 SWAT 모형의 적용성을 검토한 결과, 결정계수가 0.651로서 비교적 좋은 결과를 보였고, GIS를 이용함으로서 보다 향상된 해상도를 가지고 가뭄감시를 할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제안한 토양수분결핍에 기초한 토양수분지수는 가뭄감시와 관리를 위해 적용이 가능하리라 판단된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.129-136
• /
• 1973

대맥(大麥)의 N, P, K 비료(肥料) 응수(應酬)에 미치는 기상요인(氣象要因)의 영향(影響)을 조사(調査)하기 위(爲)하여 1965~69년(年)에 전국(全國)에 걸쳐 실시(實施)한 N, P, K 시험(試驗)으로 부터의 12, 1, 2월(月) 평균기온(平均氣溫) 및 평균최저기온(平均最低氣溫), 3, 4, 5월(月)의 강수량(降水量), 11월(月)부터 5(월)月까지의 일조시수등(日照時數等)과 동해(凍害), 습해(濕害), 한해피해(旱害被害) 발생율(發生率)과의 관계(關係)를 조사(調査)하고 피해시(被害時) 및 대맥생육기간(大麥生育期間)인 11월(月)~5월(月) 사이의 평균(平均) 온도(溫度) 차이(差異)에 따른 북부(北部), 중부(中部), 남부(南部)의 지대별(地帶別) N, P, K 응수(應酬)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)를 보면 다음과 같다. 1) 12, 1, 2월(月) 평균최저기온(平均最低氣溫)이 낮을수록 동해피해율(凍害被害率)이 높고 동해(凍害)를 입을수록 P, K 응수(應酬)가 현저(顯著)히 높았다. 2) 3, 4, 5월(月) 강수량(降水量)이 많을수록 습해피해율(濕害被害率)은 높고 한해피해율(旱害被害率)은 낮아 서로 상반(相反)되는 경향이나 강수량(降水量)이 280mm 정도(程度)에서 양자(兩者)의 피해(被害)는 최저(最低)이었다. 우리나라 평균강수량(平均降水量)이 230mm인 조건(條件)에서 피해발생율면에서는 습해(濕害)보다는 한발피해(旱魃被害)가 문제가 되나 전체 수량감수면에서는 습해피해가 더 크다. 3) 습해(濕害)일때는 P, K 응수(應酬)가 크게 인정(認定)되나 한해(旱害)일때는 K의 응수(應酬)만이 인정(認定)되었다. 4) 동해(凍害), 습해(濕害), 한해(旱害)에 의(依)한 감수율(減收率)은 각각(各各) 평균(平均) 31% (29~33%), 42%, 19% (12~25%) 정도(程度)이었다. 5) 평균(平均) N의 응수(應酬)는 44%(34~55%) P의 응수(應酬)는 19%(5~38%) K의 응수(應酬)는 9%(1~34%) 정도(程度)이었다. 6) N의 응수(應酬)는 강수량(降水量)이 적어 한발(旱魃)이 심(甚)할 경우에는 강수량(陸水量)의 증가(增加)에 따라 컸으며 일조시수(日照時數)가 증가(增加)할수록 N 응수(應酬)가 또한 증가(增加)하였으나 너무 강수량(降水量)이 많아 습해조건(濕害條件)이 되거나 너무 일조시수(日照時數)가 많아 한발조건(旱魃條件)이 되며는 오히려 떨어졌다. 7) P와 K의 응수(應酬)는 온도(溫度)가 낮을수록 즉(卽) 북부(北部)로 갈수록 크며 P나 K 모두 대맥생육기간(大麥生育期間)인 11월(月)부터 5월(月)까지의 평균기온(平均氣溫) $1^{\circ}C$씩 하강(下降)함에 따라 응수(應酬)가 4.3%씩 증가(增加)하였다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제66권3호
• /
• pp.25-37
• /
• 2024

Global warming-induced drought inflicts significant socio-economic and environmental damage. In Korea, the persistent drought in the southern region since 2022 has severely affected water supplies, agriculture, forests, and ecosystems due to uneven precipitation distribution. To effectively prepare for and mitigate such impacts, it is imperative to develop proactive measures supported by early monitoring systems. In this study, we analyzed the spatiotemporal changes of multiple evapotranspiration-based drought indices, focusing on the flash drought event in the southern region in 2022. The indices included the Evaporative Demand Drought Index (EDDI), Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) considering precipitation and temperature, and the Evaporative Stress Index (ESI) based on satellite images. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and SPEI indices utilized temperature and precipitation data from meteorological observation stations, while the ESI index was based on satellite image data provided by the MODIS sensor on the Terra satellite. Additionally, we utilized the Evaporative Demand Drought Index (EDDI) provided by the North Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) as a supplementary index to ESI, enabling us to perform more effective drought monitoring. We compared the degree and extent of drought in the southern region through four drought indices, and analyzed the causes and effects of drought from various perspectives. Findings indicate that the ESI is more sensitive in detecting the timing and scope of drought, aligning closely with observed drought trends.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2020년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.168-168
• /
• 2020

This study is to evaluate the drought-related bigdata characteristics published from South Korean by developing crawler. The 5 years (2013 ~ 2017) drought-related posted articles were collected from Korean internet search engine 'NAVER' which contains 13 main and 81 local daily newspapers. During the 5 years period, total 40,219 news articles including 'drought' word were found using crawler. To filter the homonyms liken drought to soccer goal drought in sports, money drought economics, and policy drought in politics often used in South Korea, the quality control was processed and 47.8 % articles were filtered. After, the 20,999 (52.2 %) drought news articles of this study were classified into four categories of water deficit (WD), water security and support (WSS), economic damage and impact (EDI), and environmental and sanitation impact (ESI) with 27, 15, 13, and 18 drought-related keywords in each category. The WD, WSS, EDI, and ESI occupied 41.4 %, 34.5 %, 14.8 %, and 9.3 % respectively. The drought articles were mostly posted in June 2015 and June 2017 with 22.7 % (15,097) and 15.9 % (10,619) respectively. The drought news articles were spatiotemporally compared with SPI (Standardized Precipitation Index) and RDI (Reservoir Drought Index) were calculated. They were classified into administration boundaries of 8 main cities and 9 provinces in South Korea because the drought response works based on local government unit. The space-time clustering between news articles (WD, WSS, EDI, and ESI) and indices (SPI and RDI) were tried how much they have correlation each other. The spatiotemporal clusters detection was applied using SaTScan software (Kulldorff, 2015). The retrospective and prospective cluster analyses were conducted for past and present time to understand how much they are intensive in clusters. The news articles of WD, WSS and EDI had strong clusters in provinces, and ESI in cities.

• 지질공학
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.415-421
• /
• 2020

최근 기후변화의 영향으로 가뭄 현상이 반복적으로 나타나고 있다. 정부에서는 가뭄 피해를 줄이기 위해 대응 방안을 마련하고, 가뭄 훈련을 실시하고 있다. 그러나 가뭄 훈련에 필요한 명확한 기준 및 관련 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 미국, 호주, 우리나라의 가뭄 관련 문헌 및 훈련사례를 분석하였다. 분석결과를 바탕으로 훈련사례가 많은 워크숍, 도상훈련, 기능훈련에 대한 훈련유형 선정시 고려사항을 제시하였으며, 가뭄 훈련을 위한 절차 및 단계별 고려사항을 제시하였다. 본 연구결과는 가상가뭄 훈련을 준비하는데 효과적으로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제62권3호
• /
• pp.51-61
• /
• 2020

Drought events are not clear when those start and end compared with other natural disasters. Because drought events have different timing and severity of damage depending on the region, various studies are being conducted using satellite images to identify regional drought occurrence differences. In this study, we investigated the applicability of drought assessment using the Evaporative Stress Index (ESI) based on Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite images. The ESI is an indicator of agricultural drought that describes anomalies in actual and reference evapotranspiration (ET) ratios that are retrieved using remotely sensed inputs of Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Leaf Area Index (LAI). However, these approaches have a limited spatial resolution when mapping detailed vegetation stress caused by drought, and drought hazard in the actual crop cultivation areas due to the small crop cultivation in South Korea. For these reasons, the development of a drought index that provides detailed higher resolution ESI, a 500 m resolution image is essential to improve the country's drought monitoring capabilities. The newly calculated ESI was verified through the existing 5 km resolution ESI and historical records for drought impacts. This study evaluates the performance of the recently developed 500 m resolution ESI for severe and extreme drought events that occurred in South Korea in 2001, 2009, 2014, and 2017. As a result, the two ES Is showed high correlation and tendency using Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis. In addition, it will provide the necessary information on the spatial resolution to evaluate regional drought hazard assessment and and the small-scale cultivation area across South Korea.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.385-397
• /
• 1982

The climatic impacts have been the environmental constraints with soil characteristics to achieve self sufficiency of food production in Korea. In this paper, the distribution and appearance of impacts and the changes in climatological status due to recent trend of early transplanting of rice are widely discussed to derive some countermeasures against the impacts, being focussed on cultural A long term analysis of the climatic impact appearances of the last 74 years showed that drought, strong wind, flood, cold spell and frost were the major impacts. Before 1970's, the drought damage was the greatest among the climatic impacts; however, the expansion and improvement of irrigation and drainage system markedly decreased the damage of drought and heavy rain. The appearance of cold damage became more frequent than before due to introduction of early transplanting for more thermophilic new varieties. Tongillines which were from Indica and Japonica crosses throw more attention to cold damage for high yields to secure high temperature in heading and ripening stages and lead weakness to cold and drought damage in early growth stage after transplanting. The plants became subject to heavy rain in ripening stage also. For the countermeasures against cold damage, the rational distribution of adequate varieties according to the regional climatic conditions and planting schedule should be imposed on the cultivation. A detoured water way to increase water temperature might be suggestable in the early growth stage. Heavy application of phosphate to boost rooting and tillering also would be a nutritional control method. In the heading and ripening stages, foliar application of phosphate and additional fertilization of silicate might be considerable way of nutritional control. Since the amount of solar radiation and air temperature in dry years were high, healthy plants for high yield could be obtained; therefere, the expansion of irrigation system and development of subsurface water should be performed as one of the national development projects. To minimize the damage of strong wind and rainfall, the rational distribution of varieties with different growing periods in the area where the damage occurred habitualy should be considered with installation of wind breaks. Not only vertical windbreaks but also a horizontal wind break using a net might be a possible way to decrease the white heads in rice field by dry wind. Finally, to establish the integrated countermeasures against the climatic impacts, the detailed interpretation on the regional climatic conditions should be conducted to understand distribution and frequency of the impacts. The expansion of observation net work for agricultural meteorology and development of analysis techniques for meteorological data must be conducted in future together with the development of the new cultural techniques.

• 지질공학
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.329-338
• /
• 2024

본 연구에서는 인제 지역에 대해 표준강수지수(SPI), 수문학적 가뭄지수(SDI)를 이용한 가뭄 평가를 수행하였다. 가뭄 분석을 위한 기초자료(강우, 유량) 자료 등을 통해서 월별 유량 비율 등을 검토하였고, 인제군 유역 인근의 강수 및 수위/유량 관측소를 활용하여 기상학적 가뭄 및 수문학적 가뭄분석을 진행한 결과 모든 가뭄지수(SPI, SDI)에서 공통적으로 2014년에 발생한 가뭄이 2017년까지 지속되었던 것으로 분석되었다. 지속기간 12개월의 수문기상자료를 활용하여 가뭄지수를 산정하여 분석한 경우, 심한가뭄 지속기간이 24개월 정도 지속되었던 것으로 확인되었으며 따라서 가뭄으로 인한 피해가 극심했을 것으로 평가된다.