• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.48-65
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• 2022

Objectives : This study was conducted to find out the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicine eye drops on conjunctivitis. Methods : We searched randomized controlled trials on conjunctivitis through 10 DBs from the start to April 27, 2022. Study collection and data extraction, and evaluation of risk of bias were conducted by two independent researchers. The evaluation of the risk of bias in included RCTs was carried out by using Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. And the data synthesis was conducted by using Review Manager(RevMan, ver.5.4). Results : Total of 106 studies are researched and 7 studies of them are finally included. 1. The herbal medicine eye drops are more effective on than the western medicine eye drops, but the heterogeneity was very high. So we conducted sensitivity analysis and compared to the herbal medicine eye drops and the western medicine eye drops, the total effective rate was higher in the herbal medicine eye drops and the heterogeneity was somewhat reduced. 2. In the subgroup analysis, Fufang Xiongdan eye drops and Houttuynia cordata Thunb eye drops are more effective than the western medicine. It may represent substantial heterogeneity. 3. In the subgroup analysis, the herbal medicine eye drops are more effective than antibiotic and antiviral eye drops on acute bacterial conjunctivitis, but showed high heterogeneity. On the other hand, the herbal medicine eye drops are more effective than antibiotic and antiviral eyed drops on acute viral conjuctivitis and showed low heterogeneity. 4. In the subgroup analysis, we compared the effectiveness of herbal and western medicine eye drops according to total effectiveness rate evaluation methods. When comparing the studies calculating the total effective rate by the sum of 'Cured', 'Significantly Impaired', and 'Improved', the effective rate of the herbal medicine eye drops was higher than that of the western medicine eye drops, and the heterogeneity was very low. 5. In most studies, side effects of herbal medicine eye drops were absent or mild. Conclusions : This study shows that herbal medicine eye drops may be more effective than western medicine eye drops and have safety. But further researches are needed to resolve the heterogeneity of this study.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.07e
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• pp.12-15
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• 2005

The subject of this research is not only to examine effects on electrical wiring that voltage drops make in low voltage load facilities found in apartments, buildings street lightings, factories, and etc, but also to discuss the voltage drops computation program on distributed random loads to optimize their safety and economy.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.855-862
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• 2004

This study reports pressure drops during evaporation for R-l34a, R-407C (a mixture of 23 wt% R-32, 25 wt% R-125, and 52 wt% R-l34A) and R-410A (a mixture of 50 wt% R-32 and 50 wt% R-125) in the oblong shell and Plate heat exchanger. The effects of the mass fluxes, heat fluxes, refrigerant saturation temperatures and vapor quality of refrigerants on the measured data were explored in detail. The present data showed that pressure drops of all refrigerants increase with the vapor quality. At a higher mass flux, pressure drops are higher for the entire range of the vapor quality A rise in the heat flux doesn't show significant effects on the pressure drops. Finally, at a higher saturation temperature the pressure drops are found to be lower. The pressure drops for R-407C were approximately 20% lower than those of R-l34a. R-410A had 33% lower pressure drops than R-l34a. Correlation is also provided for the measured pressure drops in terms of the friction factor.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.853-865
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• 2012

This study has analyzed body size of adult women between 20~59 years old in 2010 conducted by Size Korea and the study method is as follow. (1) Distribution ratio of bust circumference per age and distribution ratio of differences of bust drops were analyzed. (2) Analysis of one-way design of experiment was carried out for 20 items of body sizes according to differences of bust drops with regard to age groups of 20 and 40 years old in consideration of tourists who are unspecified target and for the whole ages groups. (3) Comparison analysis of 20 items of body sizes per bust circumference and according to level of differences of bust drops was carried out and (4) t-test of the two groups based on the standard of 12.5 cm of the differences of bust drops was conducted and was analyzed. Tthe differences of bust drops below 10 cm were reduced according to ages. 12.5 cm was the most in the group of ages of 20s and under 7.5 cm was reduced as ages were higher. Body items according to the differences of bust drops per ages had meaningful differences between groups except (acromion height-axilla height), height and shoulder length for the group of ages of 20s and in the whole ages groups, there was meaningful difference between groups in all items except height and shoulder length. Comparisons according to the differences of bust drops per section of 5 cm of bust circumference showed meaningful differences between groups in general in items of BMI, bust point-bust point, neck circumference, bust circumference, underbust circumference, neck point to bust point and weight. As the result of comparing the two groups of the differences of bust drops based on the standard of 12.5 cm, all had meaningful differences except stature and shoulder length.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.94-99
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• 2007

The present study is aimed at finding the effect of B-20 drops, a homoeopathic formulation, in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. B-20 drops comprises of the constituents derived from plants and other natural sources, and are generally prescribed by the homoeopathic physician, in cases of hyperglycemia and diabetes. The elevated levels of fasting blood glucose and pancreatic lipid peroxides observed in rats treated with STZ were significantly reduced by the treatment of B-20 drops. The reduced liver glycogen contents were also brought back to near normal level by B-20 drops treatment in STZ diabetic rats. STZ induced histopathological changes in pancreas and liver was also partially reversed by B-20 drops. The findings indicate that B-20 drops help in improving the glycogen stores in the liver and prevents STZ induced damage through free radicals by decreasing the pancreatic lipid peroxides levels.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2006

Objective : This experimental study was performed to investigate the effect of herbal eye drops, Sean-tang and Coptidis rhizoma on Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis. Methods : After administering herbal eye drops (Sean-tang, Coptidis rhizoma) on Staphylococcus ausreus, Staphylococcus. epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, I measured MIC and the size of inhibition zone. MIC was measured by dropping to $50{\mu}{\ell}$ according to density(l00%, 10%, 1%, 0.1%). Anti-bacterial potency was measured by the size of inhibition zone with change of volume. Result : On Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Coptidis rhizoma showed the highest anti-bacterial potency and on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Sean-tang, Coptidis rhizoma was nor anti-bacterial potency. Conclusions : The present author think that the herbal eye drops, Sean-tang and Coptidis rhizoma can be used to cure Staphylococcus aureus, Staphyloccus epidermidis keratitis and if further study is performed, the use of the herbal eye drops will be valuable and beneficial in the clinical medicines.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.35-38
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• 2022

Many commonly used household chemicals and medical eye drops look alike, resulting in a worldwide increase in incidences of accidents caused by confusion between similar-looking agents. In this case report, we present two patients who visited the emergency department following inadvertent instillation of tinea pedis treatment solution instead of eye drops. Both patients developed corneal chemical burns following the accidental application. Notably, the visual acuity and symptoms eventually recovered for both patients after hospitalization. However, complete recovery occurred only after several weeks. Both patients were relatively old and had been prescribed eye drops after previous ophthalmic surgery. Since the eye is a sensory organ that receives visual information, ocular injuries significantly affect the quality of life and social functioning of the patient. Incidences of accidental misidentification of eye drops are steadily increasing in South Korea; unfortunately, regulatory policies are unavailable to avoid such hazards. Therefore, physicians should be mindful of the potential risks associated with misidentification of everyday household products and must spend time educating patients when prescribing eye drops. Policy regulations are warranted for products with containers that resemble eye drop bottles. Such items need to be clearly labeled with additional warnings to prevent misidentification and accidental ocular instillation.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.1418-1419
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• 2007

In order to check the electric field distribution of polymer line post insulator, we performed electric field simulation according to state of water drops. Sea water is used to the contaminant. Electric field analysis is performed with change of contact angle, number and distance of water drops.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.295-303
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• 2001

Condensation of vapor on solid inherently accompanies generation of liquid drops on the solid surface. However, these drops prevent the solid surface from directly contacting the saturated vapor, thus causing thermal resistance. This work investigates a novel mechanism for enhancing the condensation process, in which the condensed drops are rapidly removed from a solid surface by imposing vibration on them. In the experiments, a water drop pendant from a solid surface is vibrated at a fixed frequency while increasing the vibration amplitude. Upon repeating the experiments using various frequencies, it is revealed that there exist resonant frequencies at which the minimum vibration amplitudes inducing a fall-off of the pendant drops are remarkably less than those at neighboring frequencies. These frequencies are supposed to correspond to the resonant frequencies for different modes of drop shape oscillations. They are compared with the resonant frequencies predicted by relatively simple analyses, and the factors causing discrepancy between then are discussed.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2003

In this study, with the finite element method we numerically investigate the deformation of liquid drops surrounded by Newtonian or non-Newtonian viscous medium in the axisymmetric contraction flow. 1, 2 or 4 Newtonian or non-Newtonian drops are considered and the truncated power-law model is applied In order to describe non-Newtonian viscous behavior for both fluids. In this type of flow the drop exhibits considerably large deformation, and thus techniques of unstructured mesh generation and auto-remeshing are employed to accurately express the fluid mechanical behavior. We examine the deformation pattern of liquid drops with viscosity dependence different from that of the surrounding medium and also explain their interactions by comparing relative position or speed of drop front.