• 보건행정학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-30
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• 2009

Korean medical fee contract system between the insurer and healthproviders was introduced in 2000. However, a continuous discord among contracting parties concerned and an irrational operation of an arbitration committee of Ministry for Health, Welfare and Family Affairs (MIHWAF) have made it difficult for them to reach to an agreement over last 8 years. The purpose of this study is to observe the current problems of contract system from the view of health insurance law and actual examples. Furthermore, I examined the of breakdown of negotiation by analyzing the eligibility of contracting parties, rationality of Resource Based Relative Value System (RBRVS) and contracting method and fairness of arbitration method in case of negotiation rupture. The results were as follows: First, since the introduction of medical fee contract system, there has been a problem in that both the president of National Health Insurance Corporation (NHIC) and health care provider association have not held strong negotiation power. Second, the frequent changes and notifications of Relative Value Units (RVUs) without any mutual consent between the insurer and provider association negatively have influenced the conversion factors and finally hindered the agreement of contract. Third, a current process that the conversion factors are mediated and determined at the arbitration committee of MIHWAF in the case of contract breakdown between contracting parties has some flaw in that the irrational composition of committee provoked the lack of fairness and objectivity of mediation. Fourth, we can not prospect a satisfactory outcome of arbitration committee because the mediation always has failed to proceed smoothly due to boycott of both committee members from insurer and providers over last 8 years. As a result, we have to make an every effort to resolve problems mentioned above and then dream of an advanced national health insurance system.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.177-186
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• 2010

This study is about researching DongEuiBoGam by analysing with pattern identification of modern Traditional Korean medical patholgy as more logical, systematic and standardized theory. Disease pattern mechanisms of essence, spirit, qi and blood in NaeGyungPyeb of DongEuiBoGam are these. In Essence, this explain mechanism of disease patterns those are seminal emission, dream emission, spermatorrhea, white ooze. These disease pattern's mechanisms are kidney yang deficiency, kidney yin deficiency, heart yang deficiency, heart yin deficiency, heart qi deficiency, spleen qi deficiency and so on. On viewpoints of viscera and bowels they are related with heart, kidney, spleen. And most of them are deficiency from deficiency-excess Pattern Identification. Classifying disease pattern of qi is about upward, downward movement and more concentrated deficiency than excess pattern. Fright palpitations can be classified heart deficiency with timidity, heart blood and qi deficiency, heart qi deficiency, heart blood deficiency, heart qi movement stagnation, water qi intimidating the heart, phlegm-fire harassing the heart, phlegm clouding the pericardium, and so on. Palpitations can be classified heart blood deficiency, heart yin deficiency, heart deficiency with timidity, heart spleen blood deficiency, spleen qi deficiency, phlegm-fire harassing the heart, intense heart fire, and so on. Forgetfulness can be classified heart spleen blood deficiency, heart spleen qi deficiency, kidney essence deficiency, heart qi deficiency, non-interaction between the heart and kidney, etc. for deficiency pattern, phlegm clouding the pericardium for excess pattern. In Blood just say inside bleeding pattern's category, there are nose bleeding, flopping syncope, qi counterflow, blood vomiting, hemoptysis, spitting of blood, bloody stool, hematuria, and so on. Like these, this study identify pattern of disease in DongEuiBoGam by mechanism of disease theory.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2002

현대 조형예술계에서는 20세기 산업사회를 지배하던 모더니즘의 붕괴와 함께 이의 중심 체계였던 이성의 지배가 붕괴되고 이에 대한 반동적 경향으로서의 비이성적 체계에 대한 탐구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 이를 대변하는 동시대적 경향이 해체(Deconstructivism)이다. 그러나 이런 비이성에 대한 관심과 이를 조형예술에서 표현한 것은 멀리는 고대, 또는 16세기 네덜란드 화가인 보쉬(Hieronymus Bosch)까지 거슬러 올라갈 수 있으며 근·현대 미술사에서도 그 계보를 찾을 수 있다. 본고는 현대 조형예술의 주요 흐름들 이루고 있는 인간의 비이성적 체계에 대한 탐구가 근·현대 미술사조에서 어떠한 계보를 가지고 있는지를 살펴보고 이중에서 특히 프로이드의 영향을 받은 무의식 탐구에 대해 중점적으로 연구한다. 그리고 그것이 현대 화예디자인에서는 어떠한 양상으로 나타나고 있는지 살펴봄으로써 현대 조형예술계에서 진행되고 있는 비이성 경향에서 화예디자인이 차지하고 있는 위치와 동시대 예술의 발달을 적극적으로 주도해 나갈 수 있는 화예디자인의 가능성을 점검한다.

• 지질공학
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2005

전라남도 무안군 해제 면에 위치한 삼보광산은 편마암류 및 유문암내에 발달한 열극에 열수가 충전하여 형성된 열극 충전광산이다. 시추자료에서 얻은 분석 품위는 금이 0.05～10.9 g/t 이하, 은이 0.05～389 g/t 이하로 부분적으로 금ㆍ은 광화작용이 인지되었다. 본 연구는 지표에서의 쌍극자, 슐럼버저 및 웨너 배열을 이용한 전기비저항 탐사와 시추공에서의 전기비저항 토모그래피 탐사를 복합하여 삼보광산에서 광화대의 분포 및 이와 관련된 지질구조를 파악하고자한다. 3차원 전기비저항 역산의 결과는 광화대가 지표부터 약 80m 심도까지 30m의 폭을 가지며, N10°～20°E의 방향으로 240m 연장되어 있음을 보여준다. 전기비저항 영상에서 얻어진 1,000ohm-m이하의 전기비저항 값은 시추 자료에서 확인된 금ㆍ은 광화작용이 인지된 구간 및 연약대 구간과 거의 일치하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.26-34
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• 2016

철골기둥-베이스 플레이트 접합부의 파괴유형은 베이스 플레이트 압축면과 인장면의 휨파괴, 앵커볼트의 인장파괴, 뽑힘, 전단파괴, 그리고 콘크리트 기초파괴 및 철골기둥의 소성힌지발생에 따른 파괴이다. 본 연구에서는 핀접합 또는 강접합으로 가정하여 설계되는 노출형 철골기둥-베이스 플레이트 접합부가 받을 수 있는 모멘트의 크기를 구하기 위하여, 한계상태 함수를 이용하여 철골기둥-베이스 플레이트 접합부의 휨성능 및 파괴유형을 예측하고 실험결과와 비교하였다. 한계상태함수를 이용하여 노출형 철골기둥-베이스 플레이트 접합부의 휨성능을 비교적 정확히 예측할 수 있는 범위는 축력이 있는 경우, 앵커볼트의 항복 또는 철골기둥의 항복으로 판별되었을 때이며 축력이 없는 경우, 베이스 플레이트의 항복으로 판별된 경우이다. 파괴유형까지 같이 고려할 경우, 축력이 있으며 앵커볼트의 항복으로 판별된 경우에만 한계 상태함수의 사용이 가능하다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2017

This study evaluated the quality characteristics of semi-dried noodles prepared with different water contents (wet noodles; 32, 24, 22, 20%, dry noodles; 12%). The drying process was carried out in a drying chamber at $13{\sim}18^{\circ}C$ temperature and 75~95% humidity. The proximate composition of Korean wheat flour was as follows: water $22.1{\pm}3.64%$, protein $8.6{\pm}0.13%$, fat $1.3{\pm}0.10%$, ash $0.7{\pm}0.02%$, carbohydrates $67.3{\pm}0.10%$. As water contents decreased, both L and b values significantly decreased before cooking of noodles, whereas L, a, and b values were not significantly different after cooking of noodles. Weight, water absorption, and volume of cooked noodles significantly increased as water content decreased, whereas turbidity of soup was not significantly different. Cutting hardness before cooking of noodles significantly increased as water content decreased. Sections of noodles after cooking by SEM (scanning electron microscopy) showed roughness and fewer round starch particles as water content decreased. For overall preferences according to the sensory evaluation, noodles prepared with different water contents were not significantly different. According to the results, semidried noodles have development potential to complement the disadvantages of both wet noodles and dry noodles.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2014

Today, there is a growing need of environment-friendly buildings, so-called 'green', facilities, and energy saving buildings to decrease environmental pollutants released into cities by construction activities. Green-Building Information Modeling (Green-BIM) is a purpose-built solution which supports to forecast energy consumption of 3-D model of a building by augmenting its primary 3-D measurements (width, height and depth) with many more dimensions (e.g. time, costs, social impacts and environmental consequences) throughout a series of sequential phases in the lifecycle of a building. The current study was carried out in order to integrate vegetation systems (particularly green roof and green wall systems) and investigate thermal performance of the new Sainsbury's building which will be built on Melton road, Leicester, United Kingdom. Within this scope, a 3-D building model of the news Sainsbury's building was first developed in $Autodesk^{(R)}$ $Revit^{(R)}$ and this model was then simulated in $Autodesk^{(R)}$ $Ecotect^{(R)}$once weather data of the construction site was obtained from $Autodesk^{(R)}$ Green Building $Studio^{(R)}$. This study primarily analyzed data from (1) solar radiation, (2) heat gains and losses, and (3) heating and cooling loads simulation to evaluate thermal performance of the building integrated with vegetation system or conventionally available envelops. The results showed that building integrated vegetation system can potentially reduce internal solar gains on the building rooftops by creating a 'bioshade'. Heat gains and losses through roofs and walls were markedly diminished by offering greater insulation on the building. Annual energy loads for heating and cooling were significantly reduced by vegetation more significantly through the green roof system in comparison to green wall system.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.417-422
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• 2001

Objective: In many TMD cases, deformed and reduced condyle heads were frequently observed. This study was prepared to compare the dimensions between normal and symptomatic condyles, using MR images. Materials: One hundred and twenty one patients with clinical signs and MRI-confirmed diagnosis of disc displacement were selected for this study. Thirty eight TMJs from nineteen asymptomatic volunteers who had no clinical symptoms and no disc displacement on sagittal and coronal view of MRI, were served as normal. Methods: Symptomatic condyles were classified according to the severity of the anterior disc displacement. The amount of anterior disc displacement was evaluated at sagittal section, and they were classified into 4 groups as normal(N), little(G0), mild(G1), moderate(G2) and severe displacement(G3). The dimentions of condyle were measured at the 200% magnified view, by digitizing program. All dimensions were compared among each groups on the central section of sagittal and coronal views, and the statistical analysis was performed. Results: The mean value of anteroposterior length of normal condyle was $0.79{\pm}0.13cm$ at sagittal section and mediolateral length was $2.12{\pm}0.22cm$ on coronal section. The mean value of anteroposterior length of symptomatic condyle was $0.67{\pm}0.16cm$ at sagittal section and mediolateral length was $1.97{\pm}0.28cm$ on coronal section. Conclusions: The size of symptomatic condyle was smaller than normal TMJ. The size of condyle was decreased as the amount of the disc displacement was increased. The dimensional change was found on the anterior articular surface of condyle at the mild or moderate disc displacement. And at the case of severe disc displacement, dimensional change was found on the superior articular surface.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.423-427
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• 2001

Objective: This study was prepared to figure out a certain dimension and morphology of the condyle at the central, medial and lateral aspects on MR images of asymptomatic volunteers, which could be comparable with those of the TMD patients' condyle. Materials: Sixty TMJs from 30 asymptomatic volunteers(15 male, 15 female) who had no clinical symptoms and no disc displacement on sagital and coronal view of MRI were served as normal. Method: MR images were taken from the asymptomatic volunteers and the dimension of the anteroposterior length, mediolateral width, height, convexities were measured through the images on the sagittal and coronal sections of mandibular condyle. Then, these data were collected and analyzed. Result: The mean value of anteroposterior length was $8.00{\pm}1.21mm$ at central section and mediolateral length was $21.40{\pm}2.32mm$ on coronal view. The anterior condylar length at medial side was the shortest and the convexity of anterior slop at the lateral side was proved to be the flattest among 3 sections. There were little dimensional and morphological differences at sagittal sections, but the mediolateral width of condyle at coronal section was significantly different between male and female. Conclusion: In sagittal sections, the anterior condyle length was shortest at medial side and the convexity of anterior slop was flattest at lateral side, and there were little dimensional and morphologic differences between male and female. In coronal section, male's condyle was more wider and flatter than female's.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2014

PURPOSE. This study was aimed to evaluate effect of the desensitizing pretreatments on the micro-tensile bond strengths (${\mu}TBS$) to eroded dentin and sound dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Forty-two extracted molars were prepared to form a flat dentin surface, and then they were divided into two groups. Group I was stored in distilled water while group II was subjected to a pH cycling. Each group was then subdivided into three subgroups according to desensitizing pretreatment used: a) pretreatment with desensitizer (Gluma); b) pretreatment with $CO_2$ Laser (Ultra Dream Pluse); c) without any pretreatment. All prepared surfaces were bonded with Single Bond 2 and built up with resin composite (Filtek Z250). The micro-tensile bond test was performed. Fracture modes were evaluated by stereomicroscopy. Pretreated surfaces and bonded interfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The data obtained was analyzed by two-way ANOVA (${\alpha}$=0.05). RESULTS. For both sound and eroded dentin, samples treated with desensitizer showed the greatest ${\mu}TBS$, followed by samples without any treatment. And samples treated with $CO_2$ laser showed the lowest ${\mu}TBS$. SEM study indicated that teeth with eroded dentin appeared prone to debonding, as demonstrated by existence of large gaps between adhesive layers and dentin. CONCLUSION. Pretreatment with Gluma increased the ${\mu}TBS$ of Single Bond 2 for eroded and sound teeth. $CO_2$ laser irradiation weakened bond performance for sound teeth but had no effect on eroded teeth.