• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.305-310
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• 2001

In order to study bread properties utilizing extracts of fume, mume bread was baked, adding 0, 0.5, 1.0. 1.5 and 2.0 brix of mume extract to wheat flour. The rheological properties, dough pH, dough volume, bread volume, bread color. bread texture and sensory evaluation were tested to examine bread properties baked adding extracts of mume. The results are as follows: The maximum viscosity measured by amylograph decreased gradually with increasing fume extract concentration, while the gelatinization temperature was going up. The development time measured by farinograph increased with use of mime extract, but stability time decreased. After the first fermentation, dough volume decreased greatly under pH 4.0, and there was same tendency in loaf volume. Lightness and redness of the crumb decreased but yellowness increased. Hardness and fracturability of mume bread were lower than control. In sensory evaluation, fume bread with 0.5 brix muse extract was evaluated as the best in taste, texture, flavor and overall acceptability.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2008

This study investigated the quality characteristics of breads manufactured with xylito1. Four different concentrations(0, 5, 7, and 10%) of xylitol were added to the bread-making flour. Volume, color, the visco-elastic properties of the dough, and bread texture were analyzed. The dough volumes of the xylitol treatments during fermentation, as well as the final volumes of the xylitol breads were lower than those of the control dough and bread. Onset temperature slightly increased with the xylitol concentration, but entalphy changed minimally. Finally, the hardness of the bread positively increased with the xylitol concentration.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.608-613
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• 2005

Effects of transglutaminase (TG) on physicochemical properties of dough prepared with 20% resistant starch (RS)-added wheat flour were investigated. RS levels of wheat flours added with native wheat starch (NS), Hi-maize (RS2), retrograded (RS3), and cross-linked (RS4) wheat starches were 2.97, 11.88, 5.79, and 9.09%, respectively. Peak viscosity of NS-added flour was higher, whereas setback was lower, than those added with other resistant starches. TG had no effect on pasting behaviors of RS-added flours. Water absorption ranged from 66.5 to 79.0%, and development time increased with RS addition. TG increased tensile strength of dough after fermentation and bread volume, due to well-developed gluten network resulting from cross-linking facilitated by TG Addition of TG decreased hardness of baguettes, with RS2-added baguette showing lowest value. These results indicate addition of TG enhanced eating quality of RS-added breads.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2012

Bread making is based on several simple unit operations, basically kneading, fermentation and baking; however, it is still a quite complex process and bread quality can be strongly affected by minor details. The market of bread production is roughly shared at 50-50 between the industry market and the artisanal market, even though the frontier between these two players is not very easy. Different strategies have been developped by the industry to extend the shelf life of bread or to interrupt the bread making process. Freezing for example has been used form the 50s to extend the shelf life of bakery products. It was first applied to fully baked products and then to frozen dough which appeared as an interesting strategy to interrupt the bread making protocol. This paper presents a review on key issues of the frozen dough technology.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제6권
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• pp.137-143
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• 1988

Straight no-time method로 조제한 냉동(冷凍)반죽을 이용(利用)한 발효(醱酵)빵제조에 있어서 가장 적절한 반죽의 조성(組成)을 제(製)빵성적(成積)을 중심으로 검토하였다. 경질(硬質)밀가루 1,000 g에 대하여 압착효모(壓搾酵母) 30 g, 설탕 50 g, 식염(食鹽) 20 g, 쇼트닝 40 g, 브롬산칼륨 75mg, L-ascorbic acid 200mg, yeast food 3 g, vital wheat gluten 30 g, 제1인산칼슘 400mg, 스테아릴젖산나트륨 8 g, 급수량(汲水量) 680 g 으로 냉동(冷凍)반죽을 만드는 것이 제(製)빵과정(過程)에서 팽창력(膨脹力)과 발효시간(醱酵時間)이 적절하고 높은 비용적(比容積)을 얻을 수 있어서 가장 바람직하였다. Farinograph 성적상의 흡수율(吸水率)보다 높은 68%의 급수량(汲水量)으로도 유화제(乳化劑)나 품질개량제(品質改良劑)의 다량첨가(多量添加)로 반죽의 동결장해(凍結障害)를 억제할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.749-753
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• 2004

제빵에 주요 원료인 쇼트닝 대신 최근 기능성 식품으로 널리 알려지고 있는 올리브유를 대체 원료로 사용하여 건강에 좋은 제품을 제조하기 위해 그 첨가 비율을 달리 하면서 제빵 반죽의 물리적 특성인 파리노그램, 아밀로그램 및 익스텐소그램과 제빵 품질에 영향을 미치는 반죽의 발효 팽창력을 조사하였다. 파리노그램에서 올리브유 4%와 6%를 첨가한 반죽은 대조구(쇼트닝 4%)와 비교하여 발전 시간, 탄력도 및 강력도는 감소한 반면에 안정도와 흡수율은 유사하였다. 아밀로그램에서 최고 점도는 감소하였으나, 호화개시온도와 최고점도시온도는 유사하였다. 익스텐소그램에서 면적은 발효시간 45분에서 올리브유 6%를 첨가하였을 때는 대조구(쇼트닝 4%)와 비교하여 증가하였으나 다른 시험구는 유사하였다. 반죽의 발효 팽창력 특성은 올리브유 4%를 첨가한 경우에는 대조구와 비교하여 낮은 값을 나타내었으나, 표준 편차 이내로 유사하였다. 올리브유 6%는 대조구보다 낮은 팽창력을 나타내었으며, 유지를 첨가하지 않은 반죽과 비교해서 팽창력이 높게 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.889-898
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• 2016

This study was to evaluate the characteristics of bread and the rheology of flour dough containing sugar alcohols, after addition of fructose. In the farinogram tests, the addition of sugar alcohol changed the stability and mixing tolerance index. The stability and mixing tolerance index of farinogram increased as the amount of sugar alcohols increased. Amylograms revealed that the increase in gelatinization temperature and maximum viscosity of wheat flour dough with sugar alcohols was more than that of controls. Extensogram of dough with sugar alcohols exhibited higher extensibility and resistance. After fermentation treatment, the dough volumes prepared with only sorbitol and xylitol were lesser than those prepared after addition of fructose. The volume of loaf and specific volume of bread containing sugar alcohols with fructose significantly increased. The breads containing sugar alcohols showed greater taste, flavor and texture scores, for breads prepared with either sorbitol with fructose or xylitol with fructose, compared to breads without fructose. Overall preference scores by sensory evaluation of bread containing sugar alcohols with fructose were higher than bread with only sugar alcohols. These results indicate that the addition of fructose improves the flavor of bread containing sugar alcohols.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the physicochemical and sensory properties of various breads prepared with purple-fleshed sweet potatoes and their powders. As the amount of purple-fleshed sweet potato and its powder increased, pH of the dough and bread, volume, dough yield, baking loss rate, and fermentation power of the dough decreased, whereas acidity of the bread increased. The lightness and yellowness of the breads decreased significantly, but redness increased with increasing content of purple-fleshed sweet potato and its powder. The textural properties, such as hardness, chewiness, springiness, and brittleness were significantly higher in groups with added purple-fleshed sweet potato and its powder compared to those in the control. The anthocyanin content and DPPH radical scavenging of dough and bread were higher in groups with purple-fleshed sweet potato and its powder than those in the control group. The groups with 5% and 10% purple-fleshed sweet potatoes and their powders had significantly higher scores for overall acceptability as compared to the control group.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.681-691
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• 2020

This study was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of bread and the rheology of flour dough containing chlorella powder(0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%). In the farinograph test, the addition of chlorella powder changed water absorption, development time and mixing tolerance index for making bread. As the amount of chlorella powder increased, the water absorption increased, mixing tolerance index and the development time decreased. In the extensograph test, the degree of extension and resistance was decreased with increasing of chlorella powder content. In the amylograph test, the maximum viscosity was slightly decreased with increasing of chlorella powder contents. The colors of L value in bread crumb was significantly decreased as the chlorella powder addition. After fermentation treatment, The dough with 2.5% chlorella powder showed the lowest dough raising power compared to the other doughs. The addition of the chlorella powder had significant effect on bread texture. The bread consisting of 0.5% chlorella powder showed the highest volume of loaf and specific volume. Therefore, high quality of bread can be achieved by adding chlorella powder.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.136-144
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• 2003

다슬기분말(PBS)과 그 회분(ABS)으로 제조한 칼슘락테이트(CaL-A및 CaL-P를 0.5%되게 첨가한 반죽의 발효와 빵의 품질 및 저장성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 칼슘락테이트를 첨가하여 1차발효시킨 후 반죽의 pH는 5.98~5.86으로 대조군의 5.50보다 높았다. 반죽의 부피와 빵의 loaf volume index는 CaL-A 첨가군이 대조군 보다 현저하게 낮았으나 pH를 5.5로 조정한 후의 반죽부피와 빵의 loaf volume은 대조군과 비슷하였다. 처리군의 칼슘함량은 39.36~49.70 mg/100 g으로 대조군(13.43 mg/100 g)보다 현저하게 높았다. 처리군 빵의 색상은 대조군과 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 빵의 경도와 점착성은 CaL-A 첨가군이 대조군에 비해 높고, 탄력성과 응집성은 낮았으나 pH를 5.5로 조정한 경우는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 처리군 빵의 현미경 관찰결과 대조군에 비하여 기공이 작고 air cell이 크며 표면이 거칠었다. 맛, 색상, 냄새 및 종합적인 기호도를 평가한 결과 대조군>CaL-A>CaL-P 순으로 첨가군의 관능적 품질이 낮았다. 그러나 pH를 5.5로 조정하여 제조한 빵에서는 종합적인 기호도가 크게 향상되었다. 칼슘락테이트를 첨가한 빵은 곰팡이 발생이 지연되었으며 곰팡이의 발생정도로 평가한 2$0^{\circ}C$에성의 저장수명은 대조군이 1, CaL-A 첨가군 3일, CaL-P 첨가군은 5일이었다.