• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.337-345
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• 2013

국산 원목의 유통체계 개선을 위해서는 원목 품질을 신뢰할 수 있는 있는 등급체계가 정착되어야 한다. 원목시장의 현실과 괴리된 원목규격의 개선을 위해 국내에서 생산되는 원목 현황과 원목이 사용되는 시장에 대한 분석이 필요하다. 이를 위해 2010년과 2011년에 국내 5개 지방산림청에서 생산 매각한 천만 본 이상의 원목자료를 수집하여 각 수종별로 경급과 재장을 분석하였다. 이를 바탕으로 원목규격의 경급과 재장구분 기준에 대한 개선방안을 모색하고자 하였다. 본 연구 주요결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 국산 침엽수 원목의 경급은 100~160 mm 범위의 소경재가 대부분을 차지하여 현행 원목규격의 재종구분이 현실에 비해 다소 과도하게 설정되었음을 확인할 수 있었다. 원목의 경급분포는 수종별로 서로 상이한 분포특성을 보여 수종별로 차별화된 경급기준의 필요성이 제기되었다. 국내에서 생산되는 원목의 재장이 수종마다 서로 상이하고, 제재용으로 선호되는 재장을 적극적으로 생산하지 못하는 문제점을 반영하여 재장에 관한 기준이 원목규격에 포함될 필요가 있다는 점을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 3개 수종군, 6개 재종의 새로운 침엽수 원목 구분체계를 제안하였으며, 각 등급에 적합한 지름 및 재장기준을 제시하였다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.335-350
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• 2013

With the efforts to development of renewable energy technologies, and increasing awareness to environmental issues, the usage of wood pallets has been increasing every year since the introduction of wood pallet technology to the domestic market. until 2009, majority usage of pellet boiler was in the residential houses. In an effort to increase the distribution of wood pellet boiler to cultivation facilities with high usage of fuels, The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry has launched a distribution project of wood pellet boiler for fuel usage as a part of the agricultural and fishery energy efficiency projects. Although only small number of farms with a heat-culturing facility have replaced from conventional boiler to pellet boiler. Although part of reason for low usage of pallet boiler is lack of understanding and information of it, the main reasons are high initial cost and uncertainty of its cost efficiency. Also, most people from agricultural industry don't realize it's significance in terms of environmental benefit due to lack of understanding in 'resource circulation' and 'adopting to climate change'. In this study, first, we did a cost-efficiency analysis of the farm which uses a diesel boiler to grow cucumber, tomato, paprika. Then we replaced the diesel boiler to a pallet boiler and measured its cost-efficiency again. By comparing the cost-efficiency of the diesel boiler with the pellet boiler, we analyzed the economic viability of pellet boiler. Then we analyzed viability of pallet boiler usage in terms of 'resource circulation' and 'adopting to climate change'. As a result of our analysis, we have found out that under the current system of government support, the energy usage varies depends of the types crops grown and the higher the energy use, the more cost efficient it is to use the pallet boiler. Also, it is economically viable to use the pallet boiler in terms of 'resource circulation' and 'adopting to climate change'.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 1998

This study not only carried out to grasp about the sununarized characteristics of the relationship between international timber market and production trend of wood products, but also focused on the analysis of korean wood demand and the long-term forecast with econometric analysis. The result of regression analysis for wood demand in Korea is that coniferous roundwood demand(CIWD) is explained by coniferous foreign roundwood price(CWRI), Gross domestic product(GDP), a dummy variable. Non-coniferous roundwood demand(NCIWD)is explained by non-coniferous roundwood price(NCWRI), coniferous roundwood price(CWRI), a dummy variable. As the result of long-term forecast by base case, the total roundwood demand was forecasted $11,107,000m^3$ in the year 2000, $11,781,000m^3$ in 2005, $12,565,000m^3$ in 2010. As the result of scenario 1, total roundwood demand was forecasted $11,027,000m^3$ in 2000, $11,435,000m^3$ in 2005, $11,952,000m^3$ in 2010. And as the result by scenario 2, total roundwood demand was forecasted $11,341,000m^3$ in 2000, $12,208,000m^3$ in 2005 $13,257,000m^3$ in 2010.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1999년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집(I)
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• pp.475-480
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• 1999

Recently domestic building market in the face of 3D, in addition to construction cost increase, materials lack problems and opening a building market to foreign countries, is trying to find out the efficient ways of overcoming these problems. So the necessity to study the permanent form is urgent to escape the problems of constructing human power economy, cost down, noises problem, environmental prevention and efficacy of form work to technical improvement will contribute a practical permanent form in field through economic evaluation of permanent form. In this paper, we compared wood form cost with permanent form cost(made form polymer or fly ash) for frame work

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2015

산업의 발달과 소득의 증가로 인해 목재와 같은 다공성 물질의 수요 및 생산은 지속적으로 증가하고 있다. 축산 농가를 비롯한 가공 산업 분야에서 목분의 활용이 증대됨에 따라 화재 위험도 높아지고 있다. 화재 발생시 목분은 깊이 방향으로 연소의 전이가 발생하며 내부 산화제의 소멸에 따라 화염이 없는 훈소로 진행되기도 한다. 훈소로 진행되는 경우는 화원의 위치 파악 곤란으로 초동진화에 실패하여 2차 피해를 키우는 직접적 원인으로 작용한다. 본 연구에서는 국 내외적으로 수요가 높은 뉴질랜드산 목분을 대상으로 자연대류 상태의 하향식 심부화재를 모사하였다. 본 실험에서는 실험용기 내의 목분의 체적 밀도(3%, 5%, 10%, 15%)를 변화시켜 깊이방향으로 전파되는 심부의 온도를 측정하여, 화원의 전이 속도를 실험적으로 규명하였다. 본 실험의 결과로 목분의 체적 밀도가 증가함에 따라 내부 온도는 감소하는 경향을 확인하였다. 그러나 목분 밀도체적 $0.2140g/cm^3$ (5%) 이상의 조건에서는 온도의 감소가 발생하지 않음을 실험적으로 규명하였으며 본 실험을 통하여 뉴질랜드산 소나무 목분의 온도 전이속도는 평균 0.249 mm/min의 속도 값을 가짐을 밝혔다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.53-68
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• 1990

This research has been executed for maximization of lumber yield and more efficient use of small diameter logs. Sample logs from thinnings carne from densed artificial stands at the Kwangnung Experimental Forests situated in the central region of Korean peninsula. Species of sample logs were obtained to execute sawing and strength test for larch, and lumber strength test in full size for pitch pine and Korean pine. A survey on sawmills consuming domestic logs was carried out to know sawmill production, costs and utilization structure of lumber as a guide to business analysis. Results showed that sawing pattern from small logs less than 15cm in diameter was necessary to cut 9cm by 9cm square per one log in order to obtain high lumber recovery and provide for wide market needs. The total lumber yield of squares plus side boards was 56 percent to 58 percent from small logs and the yield for log sweep in 30 percent decreased by 24.5 percent in sawing production, compared to yield for straight logs. In sawing efficiency, production of lumber by twin band saw could be improved 238 percent higher than lumber of the same species produced by conventional sawmilling methods, and sawing accuracy with twin band saw was much higher at the lumber production than band saw. Lumber from the small larch logs has shown 70 knots per $m^2$ on its faces and also lumber showed lots of face checkings by air drying on the yard, compared to other species. MOR in bending of lumber in full size from small logs of larch was found ranging from 380kg/$cm^2$ to 460kg/$cm^2$, resulting in 40 percent less than the strength from clear small specimens. In lumber containing knots, cross grain, etc, longitudinal stress wave speed was delayed about 48 percent by defects in lumber from both larch and pitch pine logs. The surveyed sample sawmills consumed the domestic logs at the rate of 54 percent to 84 percent in the total timber consumption, showing high consumption at mills located in the mountains.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2012

This article was intended as fundamental materials to recognize the current status of furniture hard ware in Korean market and to fix the identity of Korean furniture, by investigating and comparing the furniture hard ware used in the Joseon era and in modern times by type, function, shape and material. The analysis of furniture hard ware of the Joseon era and modern times from the view of functional aspects was oriented to the hard ware necessary to open and close the door & drawer on one side, and to that being attached to the main body of furniture not to scratch the wood by another wood on the other side, and from this the following conclusion was drawn. First of all, "Gwangdoojung" - a kind of spike- and metal decoration on the edge of the furniture disappeared, while the function-oriented hard wares have been diversified in modern times, from the perspective of the change of kinds. Second, the functional aspect of the furniture hard ware was emphasized in modern times than the Joseon era. In other words, the hard wares of the Joseon era came into view due to their strong appeal to decoration, whereas those of modern times were mostly hidden or moderated, keeping the function substantially. Third, the hard wares from the Joseon era were shown in concrete and detailed shape motivated by natural objects and furthermore even gloriously, but the modern hard wares are simple & basic geometry, from a formative point of view. Fourth, the material aspects present that the Joseon era's hard ware was mainly cast iron, whereas that of modern times shows the diversification from metal to even plastic. Finally, the recent trend in naming of the hard wares is the words of foreign origin. This resulted from that the foreign names of hard wares are valid also after import process in Korean market, so the domestic development of hard ware as the essential factor for the furniture design is urgently necessary to establish the identity of Korean modern furniture.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.440-456
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• 2009

Because PBD was started as a design tool for steel construction and concrete construction, it was able to applied to the post and beam method of wooden building constructions. But, it may not suitable to light frame wooden construction that is becoming popular in domestic construction market due to the economical efficiency and the constructive simplification. Owing to the share effects between member and sheathing material or among structural members, light frame wooden construction is different from post and beam construction that use a single structural member. Therefore, consideration on the system analysis and system design are urgently needed to use in actual life and inspect the reliability of structures from the system view. With this in mind, code conversion from ASD to PBD that is pressing issue in domestic wooden building construction was studied, also various countries status about PBD were considered and then approaching methods on the system reliability were referred. Finally, several considerations for the development of PBD were explored. PBD should be considered as, not only a new structural design process that select sizes of structural member, but a industrial tool that can lead a development of more reliable wood products. A strongest point of PBD is independent of various construction materials and construction types.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.340-354
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• 2017

Currently, the global furniture market can not overlook environmental problems due to changes in environmental regulations. In order to grow into a global corporation, environmentally friendly design became essential. In addition, domestic and foreign consumers are increasingly interested in and spending on children's furniture, and demand for environment - friendly furniture for children's health and emotional development is increasing. In the era of universal consumer tastes due to massive mass production, it has been changed into a multi-product small-volume production period that reflects the preferences of various consumers, so that various types of furniture that meet individual preferences are required. Therefore, in this study, we investigated various personal opinions, perception, preference, propensity to use furniture, purchasing points, etc. for environmentally friendly children's furniture, and provided basic data for environmentally friendly children's furniture development that reflects consumer preference and requirements. Accordingly, 243 parents who have more than one child living in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon were surveyed about the use of children's furniture and the perception and preference of environmentally friendly children's furniture. According to the survey results, 64.57% of the respondents knew about eco - friendly children's furniture and the most popular way to get to know eco-friendly furniture was Internet advertising (49.48%). The rate of recognizing eco-friendly furniture as healthy furniture with no emission of hazardous substances was high as 56.16%. The purchase intention of eco-friendly children's furniture was very high at 86.01% and the most important factor in purchasing was the harmlessness to the human body (56.88%). 59.50% said that it is not possible to distinguish environmentally friendly furniture, which means that there is not much information to consumers yet. In addition, the preferred price range is 500~1000 thousand won, and the preference for the rest furniture is high. In the preferred form type, unit type modular furniture is 36.13%, in the material, wood is 72.35%, in the color, the color of wood with wood grain is high as 45.56%.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.21-24
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• 1999

시중 유통되고 있는 50종의 목제 주방기구와 위생용품을 각각 benzene과 n-heptane에 용출시켜 GC-MSD를 이용하여 분석한 결과, naphthalene과 diethyl phthalate는 모든 조건에서 검출되지 않았으나, biphenyl의 경우 전 제품에서 미량이 검출되었다. Biphenyl은 자작나무 수입 원목과 국산 원목에서도 각각 0.25 ppm, 0.34 ppm 함유되어 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 biphenyl의 검출량은 목제를 가공하는 과정 중에 감소하며, 그 검출량은 과일의 잔류 허용치 (110 ppm)에 비해 극히 미량인 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 biphenyl의 유입경로는 제품의 제조 및 생산과정에서 첨가되었다기 보다는 제제 자체에 잔존한다고 추정되며, 이러한 biphenyl의 잔존량은 인체에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 농도는 아닌 것으로 판단된다.