• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.266-266
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• 2008

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.374.2-374.2
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• 2002

Siegesbeckia pubesence (Cempesitae). a perenial herb, is widely distributed in our country and has been used for rheumaic arthritis, hypertension, malaria. neurasthnia and snake-bite in traditional Chinese medicine. On reviewing the literatures of this plant. diterpenoids and alkaloids were isolated and some pharmacological activities were investigated. As part of our systematic study fer Korean Compositae plants, we have investigated Siegesbeckia pubesence (7kg), cellected from Mt. Odae on Aug. 2001. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.120.1-120.1
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• 2003

Nuclear factor-${\kappa}{B}$ (NF-${\kappa}{B}$) belongs to a group of homodimers and heterodimers of Rel/NF-${\kappa}{B}$ proteins that bind to DNA target sites, where they directly regulate gene transcription. The activation of NF-${\kappa}{B}$ has been shown to mediate inflammation and suppress apoptosis. Activated NF-${\kappa}{B}$ has been found n various inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Atherosclerosis, asthma, nflammatory bowel disease, and Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis and associated with cancer, cachexia, diabetes, euthyroid sick syndrome, and AIDS. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.192.3-193
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• 2003

Aster species has been used in traditional chinese medicine for treatment of a bruies and asthma. On reviewing the literatures of this species, monoterpene glycosides, diterpenoids, triterpene glycosides, cyclic pentapeptides, oligopeptides and flavonoids 1) were isolated and some pharmacological activites were investigated 2). In continuation of our search for bioative components from Korean medicinal plants, we have examined Aster spathulifolius, collected from Jeju island on August 2001. (omitted)

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.215-226
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• 2024

Aralia continentalis is widely distributed in Far East Asian countries such as Korea, China, and Japan. A. continentalis has traditionally been used as an herbal remedy for various conditions, including analgesia, headache, inflammation, lameness, lumbago, rheumatism, and dental diseases in Korea. Previously, epi-continentalic acid, continentalic acid, and kaurenoic acid as major active biological compounds belonging to the diterpenoid class were identified. To synthesize diterpenoid derivatives with enhanced bioavailability, Fusarium fujikuroi was employed to biotransform diterpenoids due to its known antibacterial activity. This yielded two derivatives of kaurenoic acid, namely 16α-hydroxyent-kauran-2-on-19-oic acid and 2β, 16α-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid, with their chemical structures elucidated via NMR analysis. These derivatives exhibited increased polarity compared to kaur- enoic acid, as evidenced by their retention time on preparative HPLC using the ODS-A column and structural modifications. Evaluation of their antidiabetic activity targeting PTP1B, a negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway, revealed inhibitory activities of 30.8% and 27.6%, respectively, at a concentration of 4 ㎍/ml. Additionally, both derivatives demonstrated low cytotoxicity, with an IC50 value 18 times higher than kaurenoic acid. Therefore, the augmented water solubility and reduced toxicity of 16α-hydroxy-ent-kauran-2-on-19-oic acid and 2β, 16α-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid, resulting from biotransformation by F. fujikuroi, render them promising candidates for industrial applications.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.286-290
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• 2012

Many diterpenoids from Siegesbeckia species (Compositae) and their anti-inflammatory actions have been examined. In this research, high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet spectrophotometer (HPLC-UV) method was used to compare the quantitative level of kirenol (ent-pimarane-type diterpenoid) in the aerial parts of Korean S. glabrescens and S. pubescens and the Chinese Siegesbeckiae Herba. Fingerprints of the two HPLC chromatograms of Korean S. glabrescens and S. pubescens were similar, but considerably different from Chinese Siegesbeckiae Herba. The content of kirenol in S. pubescens ($16.51{\pm}0.10$ mg/ml dry weight as mean${\pm}$RSD) was higher than S. glabrescens ($13.48{\pm}0.12$ mg/g dry weight). These values were considerably higher than the Chinese Siegesbeckiae Herba ($1.55{\pm}0.74$ mg/g dry weight). Thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis demonstrated the containing of kirenol in the three plant materials, but the presence of siegeskaurolic acid (entkaurane-type diterpenoid) only in the Chinese Siegesbeckiae Herba.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2005

Seven diterpenes, four polyacetylenes, a lipid glycerol, and two sterols were isolated from the methylene chloride fraction of the root of Aralia cordata. Their chemical structures were determined as (-)-pimara-8(14), 15-dien-19-oic acid (2), pimaric acid (3), (-)-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (4), 17-hydroxy-ent-kaur-15-en-19-oic acid (9), $7{\alpha}$-hydroxy-(-)-pimara-8(14), 15-dien-19-oic acid (10), $16\alpha$, 17 -dihydroxy-(-)-kauran-19-oic acid (11), 16-hydroxy-17-isovaleroyloxy-ent-kauran-19­oic acid (12), falcarindiol (5), dehydrofalcarindiol (6), dehydrofalcarindiol-8-acetate (7), falcarin­diol-8-acetate (8), alpha-mono palmitin (13), stigmasterol (1), and daucosterol (14) by the spectral evidences. These compounds were tested with COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition assays. This study found that compounds 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 10 inhibited COX-1 dependent conversion of the exogenous arachidonic acid to $PGE_2$ in a dose-dependent manner with $IC_{50}$ values of $134.2{\mu}M$, $121.6{\mu}M$, $170{\mu}M$, $50.4{\mu}M$, $11.7{\mu}M$, $99.6{\mu}M$, and $69.6{\mu}M$, respectively. But, most of these compounds weakly inhibited COX-2 dependent $PGE_2$ generation. Among them, only compound 4 showed relatively significant inhibitory activity $(IC_{50}\;:\;127.6{\mu}M)$.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.291-294
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• 2004

Activity-guided fractionation of the n-hexane and ${CHCl_3}-soluble$ fractions of Sindora sumatrana using a bioassay based on the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells led to the isolation of the known compound, $(+)-7{\beta}-acetoxy-15,16-epoxy-3$, 13(16), 14-clero-datriene-18-oic acid (2) as an active constituent. In addition, a new trans-clerodane diterpenoid, (+)-2-oxokolavenic acid (1), together with six known compounds, (+)-3, 13-clerodadiene-16,15-olide-18-oic acid (3), $(+)-7{\beta}-acetoxy-3$,13-clerodadiene-16,15-olide-18-oic acid (4), $(+)-7{\beta}-acetoxy-16-hydroxy-3$,13-clerodadiene-16, 15-olide-18-oic acid (5), ${\beta}-caryophyllene$ oxide (6), $clovane-2{\beta},9{\beta}-diol (7),{\;}and{\;}caryolane-1,9{\beta}-diol$ (8) were isolated and found to be inactive. The structure of compound 1 was determined using physical and spectroscopic methods such as 1D and 2D-NMR experiments. The known compounds 2-8 were identified by the spectroscopic data and by comparison with the published values. Of eight isolates (1-8), only compound 2 exhibited an iNOS inhibitory activity with $IC_{50}$/ value of $51.6{\;}\mu\textrm{m}M$.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.265-269
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• 2017

Pseudolaric acids of Pseudolarix kaempferi (Pinaceae) have been known as diterpenoids with potent anti-fungal-, anti-microbial, and cytotoxic activities. In the present study, the five MeOH extracts were prepared from the five plant part (root bark, stem bark, leaf, the inner part of root, and cone) to find the relation between the concentration of pseudolaric acids and cytotoxicity. Pseudolaric acids B and C were isolated from the root bark of P. kaempferi to use them as standard compounds. The five extracts were tested on cytotoxicity against six cancer cell lines, A549 (lung), HCT116 (colon), MDA-MB-231 (breast), SNU638 (stomach), and SK-hep-1 (liver) by SRB assay, but against K562 (leukemia) by SRB- or MTT assay. HPLC quantification were performed on a Shisheido Capcell PAK C18 column ($5{\mu}m$, $4.6mm{\times}250mm$) using 254 nm wavelength. The cytotoxicity ($IC_{50}$, $0.36{\mu}g/ml$ on K562 cell lines) of the root bark extract was potent and the content (101.1 mg/g extract) of pseudolaric acid B was very high in the root bark. These results suggest that the MeOH extract obtained from the root bark could be developed as the anti-cancer agent with a high quantity of pseudolaric acid B.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.509-518
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• 2019

This study analyzed the effect of organic solvent extractives on the classification of wood species via near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR). In our previous research, five species of Korean softwood were classified into three groups (i.e., Cryptomeria japonica (cedar)/Chamaecyparis obtuse (cypress), Pinus densiflora (red pine)/Pinus koraiensis (Korean pine), and Larix kaempferi (Larch)) using an NIR-based principal component analysis method. Similar tendencies of extractive distribution were observed among the three groups in that study. Therefore, in this study, we qualitatively analyzed extractives extracted by an organic solvent and analyzed the NIR spectra in terms of the extractives' chemical structure and band assignment to determine their effect in more detail. Cedar/cypress showed a similar NIR spectra patterns by removing the extractives at 1695, 1724, and 2291 nm. D-pinitol, which was detected in cedar, contributed to that wavelength. Red pine/Korean pine showed spectra changes at 1616, 1695, 1681, 1705, 1724, 1731, 1765, 1780, and 2300 nm. Diterpenoids and fatty acid, which have a carboxylic group and an aliphatic double bond, contributed to that wavelength. Larch showed a catechin peak in gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy analysis, but it exhibited very small NIR spectra changes. The aromatic bond in larch seemed to have low sensitivity because of the 1st overtone of the O-H bond of the sawdust cellulose. The three groups sorted via NIR spectroscopy in the previous research showed quite different compositions of extractives, in accordance with the NIR band assignment. Thus, organic solvent extractives are expected to affect the classification of wood species using NIR spectroscopy.