• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.37-45
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• 2014

Purpose - This study aims to analyze the relationship between trends in innovative EU industries and market distribution in smaller emerging markets under an open economy. Research design, data, and methodology - Although innovation was well-distributed, due to socio-economic factors following European integration, CEE had not achieved sustainable economic growth. However, this paper analyzes the differences among changes in CEE innovation for smaller emerging markets dominated since 2000. Market distribution has facilitated new markets for innovative industries, according to EU surveys and economic indicators. Results - The dominance of the local industrial market distribution has deterred innovation investment the survey shows that innovation investment has been shrinking, despite the EU's open innovation policy for CEE employment and R&D. For the CEE case, there were expectation gaps and uncertainty about whether to use the new distribution dominance or TNCs' innovation in smaller emerging countries without local industrial innovation. Conclusions - Innovation generates market growth and distribution power however, small growth requires stimulation, and creativity and innovative edge need further focus in local public and corporate strategy.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.11-21
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• 2013

Purpose - The purpose of the study is to promote the adoption of traditional liquor product contents in order to revitalize the market and to increase consumer awareness of traditional liquor. Research design, data, methodology - In this study, the 4P relationship model was evaluated that included the self-supporting business of traditional liquor, continuous business, diversification of the types of the liquor, and discovery of preliminary social enterprises for the distribution of the liquor. Results - The study suggested a 4P relationship model that consisted of traditional liquor as the product, traditional market as the place, promotion within traditional market, and payment of labor costs. In other words, selection of the traditional liquor product, place, rental supports, distribution and delivery strategies, operations, public relations and training, foundation of social enterprises, and discussion between departments. Conclusions - The central government, local governments, and merchants (the market association) should actively cooperate with each other to revitalize the market for traditional liquor. Social enterprises that rely on a non-profit business model are likely to revitalize the traditional liquor market.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.143-161
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• 2015

This study presents a comparative analysis on mackerel distribution process and price formation process, and investigation of price and margin between traditional markets and Large-scale discount store distribution channel. Through this, the study investigated distribution efficiency of each channel, and examined whether a difference of distribution efficiency leads to a difference of performance through the investigation of a difference of function and role between members of a wholesale market and vendor of Large scale discount store. The following are the results of this study. As a consequence of investigating supply and sum by distribution channel of mackerel, it appeared that mackerels shipped from port market are distributed into 9 consumption sites(Wholesale market, Large scale discount store, Institutional Food Service, etc.). In the comparison of distribution efficiency between traditional retail store and Large scale discount store 52.0% margin is formed in traditional retail store distribution channel and 43.1% margin is formed in Large scale discount store, and a distribution cost rate consists of 19.4% cost in a traditional retail store for fishery products and 18.1% cost in a Large-scale discount store. To analyze a difference of performance, the study examine a difference of role and function between vendor and Wholesale market company, wholesaler and middleman. Wholesale market company and middleman of wholesale market for consumer have slightly high or similar score in collection function, sorting function, evaluation function and financial function which are traditional and original. However, it was confirmed that vendor has a better score in other functions, that is, newly-demanded functions(ex : market frontier function, product development function, Integral Distribution Function, etc.).

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.103-110
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• 2016

Purpose - This study investigates the improvement of rationalization of distribution structure in Korean diamond market. It also explores the international distribution of diamond and how the distribution of Korean diamond market system was improved. This study also for providing the evaluation method in case of purchasing diamond on the consumers. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The research investigates how international diamond distribution market has been changed since 1933 by De Beers. The international Diamond rough stone has been deregulated in supply and demand by Debeers since July, 2000, therefore, the price maintenance policy of diamond market also has been changed. In the short term, the diamond price in market has been down, whereas, in the long term, the market share of Debeers has affected the high quality of diamond price in world market. Before 1985, both G color and VVS1 clarity were used as the level of percentages in the diamond certificate of authenticity in Korea. But, after 1985, the diamond certificate of authenticity uses Diamond Grading Report. Results - Between the 1970's and 1980's, Debeers had controlled about 80 percentages of international diamond supply market. But, Debeers share in diamond market fell by 60 percentages in 2000's. Debeers supplied 31%(4390 carets) of international diamond supply and 41%(39 billion dollars) in 2003. However, Debeers shares 50% of market shares in the diamond supply market by Alosa in Russia. In Korea, the diamond grading report system has been used since 1985. But, the diamond grading report system has price bubbles and much irrational parts in grading system methods. Conclusions - 4C, the grading system of diamond, is a method for comparing and evaluating diamond objectively. Diamond is graded according to its color, cut, clarity, and carat. The price of diamond is determined based on its each item. Consumers purchase diamond for the purpose of investment and wearing. In terms of investment, it is recommended to purchase diamond with color of D grade, cut with Excellent or Very Good Cut grade, Clarity of FL or IF, and more than 3 carat. As for wearing purpose, it is highly recommended for diamond to have color of F or G grade, cut of Excellent or Very Good Cut, clarity of VS2 or SI1, and more than 1 carat Before 2000, Central Selling Organization(CSO) distributed about 80 percentages rough diamond to world market exclusively by purchase, classification, assessment, and sales. After 2000, Dbeers diamond company looses slowly market shares, while Almosa diamond company etc. in Russia are taking over world market shares more and more. Debeers market shares have been falling over the years, and the international diamond markets are gradually growing by other international diamond companies. But, there is no change in Korean diamond market after 1980's. Korean diamond distribution needs to follow international level of Diamond Grading System. By using different grading systems with different panel members, Korean diamond grading system needs to follow international perfect grading systems to grow diamond markets and maintain within top 10 diamond markets countries.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.115-123
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of paper is to examine into corporate value of international physical distribution, which is closely related with company that is running business based on competitive power. It is good for company to gain a competitiveness throughout activities from international physical distribution, then it increases corporate value after all. Then it will be looked at how international physical distribution can influence competitiveness of company in terms of corporate value. Research design, data, and methodology - The research method to be described is first to identify concept of international physical distribution theoretically, including characteristics and structure, and then to review corporate value of international physical distribution to make company be competitive. As far as general landscape of international logistics is concerned, it is investigated into function and role of service provider, user and market situations. However, it is well proved that current market of international physical distribution is stable and bright, which means it is possible to take foreseeable future as well. Then company can share with corporate value of international physical distribution provided from logistics service provider. Results - To achieve corporate value throughout process of international physical distribution is strongly connected with competitive status of logistics service providers, those are carriers and infrastructures, and third party logistics providers. Especially in order to inquire into competitive aspects of international physical distribution in this paper, it is focused on trade volumes and overcapacity of global shipping market. Unlike it is used to be, more optimistic and positive situation has been shown since 5 years ago from the year of 2018, which means carriers make a business well, leading company to be more competitive. Conclusions - Corporate value of company in terms of international physical distribution is closely involved with competitive situations in the physically distribution, especially shipping market, which service providers can paly a key role in this regards. It can be estimated that the more market of international physical distribution works, the more competitiveness of companies increases. Ocean carriers in shipping market of international physical distribution are doing actively business well, and the corporate value can be materialized in favor of company.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.27-37
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• 2024

Purpose: Evaluating hotel performance is crucial in the tourism industry, and expanding knowledge through value-centric innovation in distribution is approached from the service-dominant logic perspective. This study aims to explore and enhance understanding of efforts to improve hotel performance by introducing a new concept of significant value-centric innovation in distribution. A novel proposition is presented, synthesizing diverse marketing innovations through the lens of service-dominant logic to foster originality. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: Data from 166 respondents across various levels of hotel structural positions in Indonesia were analyzed using SEM-PLS. The relationship between market orientation and hotel performance was explored using the SEM-PLS technique. Results: The findings indicate that market orientation contributes to enhancing hotel performance. Additionally, value-centric innovation in distribution is crucial in addressing inconsistencies observed in previous studies and indicators related to variables significantly affecting hotel performance. Moreover, value-centric innovation in distribution directly improves performance indicators. Conclusions: The practical implication of this research is leveraging market orientation to enhance hotel performance. Hotel owners are encouraged to effectively implement value-centric innovation in distribution by fostering collaboratively generated shared value creation.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.113-121
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• 2023

Purpose: Online distribution channel alludes to the many different digital channels utilized in marketing and distributing goods and services to end users. The present research aims to explore and provide various retail strategy for the success of the art market within online distribution channel. Research design, data and methodology: The current author has conducted and investigate the qualitative textual methodology to take a look at carefully the current and prior literature dataset to achieve the purpose of the present research so that the present author could obtain total 27 relevant prior studies. Results: According to the comprehensive literature investigation, this research has found that there are six kinds of retail strategy for the prosperity of the art market within online distribution channel as follows: (1) Blockchain Technology, (2) Artificial Intelligence (AI), (3) Virtual Reality (VR), (4) Online Market Places, (5) Social Media, and (6) Regulations. Conclusions: The results of this analysis of the relevant literature show that the art market industry needs to adjust to keep up with the quickly shifting landscape of the digital world. In addition, although these technologies can be helpful in addressing difficulties linked to authenticity and transparency, they cannot eliminate the hazards of fraud and misrepresentation.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.25-33
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• 2012

Purpose - The Garak agricultural wholesale market ('Garak Market') plays a central role in the distribution of agricultural products in Korea and is important in connecting consumers with producers. However, problems regarding inefficiencies and the high-cost structure of the wholesale market's distribution/logistical system are being raised in relation to severe competition among retailers. Furthermore, the service needs of retailers and market users are not being fulfilled due to the inconsistency of the wholesale market's functions and facilities, thus reducing the competitiveness of the market. In this regard, innovative changes are being requested of the agricultural wholesale market according to changes in the agricultural product distribution environment. In particular, the lack of unloading facilities and the outdated unloading system of the wholesale market must be improved to enhance system efficiency. Research design, data, and methodology - This study observed the problems of the unloading system of the agricultural wholesale market in order to present relevant measures for improvement. The need for unloading auctions was also researched in this study. The survey of 70 forwarders belonging to the producing district distributor association of the Garak market was conducted by post. Additionally, 20 auction dealers and 59 shippers and transporters were individually interviewed. The survey on the need for unloading auctions used five-point Likert Scales. The statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS WIN 12.0 software. Results - First, the wholesale market must employ members of the unloading labor union to allow these employees to directly manage the unloading process. Second, it is crucial to revise regulations to ensure that the principal agent pays the unloading cost according to the standard unloading cost system. Third, the vehicle auction carried out for certain vegetable products must be converted to the unloaded auction system. According to the related interviews with the wholesale market's distribution agents, whereas shippers and transporters recognized the need for unloaded auctions, auction dealers tend to have a negative view of this system. Furthermore, the stated reasons in favor of unloaded cabbage, radish, and other vegetable auctions were prevention of constraint, creation of transparent trade conditions, and reduction of corrected seller tickets. Many of the respondents answered that the transport cost reduction rate in unloaded auctions must be below 20%. Fourth, the unloading system must be mechanized and a detailed, reasonable plan must be provided to settle the existing conflict with the unloading labor union. Conclusions - The proposals in this study are expected to play an important role in improving the cargo handling system of the wholesale agricultural product market in the future. Improving the system is expected to help shore up the competitiveness of the industry. If all the related bodies closely cooperate with each other and work harder, taking advantage of the synergies created by the facility modernization project, the Garak market will play a pivotal role in the distribution of agricultural products.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.36 no.1 s.67
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• pp.103-120
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• 2005

This study aims to examine the change of fish market(魚物市場) and inland brokers(客主, kaegju) on Gunsan(群山), (1899-1919). The increasement of productive capacity in the agriculture and the development of exchange economy in the late period of Chosun Dynasty activated the distribution of fishery products. As a result, the inland brokers who participated in the production and distribution of fishes grew largely. They made the basement of fishery modernization by providing the funds for the fisheries and making the national distribution network. But Japanese fishermen began to hold the domestic market as the Japan government supported legislatively and economically after the opening ports of Korea. On the contrary, the distribution of fishery products had the characteristics different from the production of some. The case of Gunsan which opened in 1899 showed these characteristics as Gunsan is a short distance from Kangkyung(江景), one of three biggest markets and was a base of fishery, That is to say, though the fishery merchants from Japan set up 'a fish market'(魚市場), they didn't hold the sales network on Gunsan, Because the inland brokers on Gunsan had a sales network and began the socio-economic movement. It goes without saying that the instability of price, the difficulties of charge and the racial taste difference in fish made the fish sales from Japan confronted with the difficulties. After Japanese Imperialism enforced the Company Law, the Market Regulation, the Chamber of Commerce Law before or after 1910, Korean inland brokers were disprited and Japanese 'fish market' began to grow largely. These phenomena appeared on Gunsan, too. Especially, the opening of a railway was the main factor which strengthened Japanese 'fish market'. After 1915, Japanese 'fish market' on Gunsan defeated the distribution network of inland brokers.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.9-40
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• 1996

This year marks the full liberalization(i.e., opening up) of the Korean distribution market to foreign firms. Therefore, we are likely to see much activity by foreign retailers who will be entering the Korean market and indigenous retailers trying to depend their current market positions. The liberalization of Korean distribution market will undoubtedly lead to some erosion of market share of indigenous retailers, but the benefits of rationalization of distribution, stable consumer prices, strengthened competitiveness of indigenous retailers far outweigh the costs. With liberalization, we are likely to see increased growth of "New Modes of Retailing(NMR)." In this paper, I describe the distinguishing characteristics of NMR as economies of scale, self service, large physical facilities, low-to-medium price, and systemization. I also describe the similarities and differences between the various types of NMR. Finally, I describe the fit between the various forms of NMR and the Korean consumer environment.vironment.