• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.88-91
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• 2009

For lightning currents, a grounding system shows the transient grounding impedance characteristics. A grounding system for protection against lightning should be evaluated by the transient grounding impedance, not it's ground resistance. The transient grounding impedance varies with the shape of ground electrode and earth characteristics as well as the waveform of lightning surge current. For the analysis and practical use of transient grounding impedance, the characteristics of transient grounding impedance should be analyzed theoretically and this paper suggests the theoretical analysis for the transient grounding impedance of counterpoise by using the distributed parameter circuit model. EMTP and Matlab are used to simulate the distributed parameter circuit model of counterpoise and the adequacy of the distributed parameter model of counterpoise is examined by comparing the simulated results with the measured results.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2013

This study is investigated on flow analysis according to grill configuration of radiator. The stream of flow which pass through radiator grill in car body and the contour of pressure distribution are estimated by the basis. As the magnitude of resistance force which flow affects the car body is investigated so that the power reduction can be reduced. As the pressure inside radiator grill is assessed, more efficiency can be investigated in order that the flow rate inside car body can be increased. Model 2 has the most air resistance and model 1 has the least among model 1, 2 and 3. Model 1 has the most air flow rate at inside. There are model 3 and 2 simulated according to flow rate. As the curved surface at radiator grill configuration increases in number, air flow rate becomes distributed uniformly. By considering the effect on air resistance and air flow rate at radiator grill, model 3 becomes the most effective configuration.

• 전자공학회논문지D
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• 제36D권5호
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• pp.54-61
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• 1999

SPICE MOS 모델을 외부 다이오드를 추가하는 방식을 사용하여, 기판 분포저항을 고려한 MOS 트랜지스터의 매크로 모델 형태를 제안하였다. 본 매크로 모델을 사용하여 W=200㎛, L=0.8㎛의 NMOS 트랜지스터를 기준으로 시행한 s-파라미터의 시뮬레이션치를 s-파라미터 측정치에 fitting 하는 과정을 통해 RF 영역에 적용 가능한 모델 세트를 확보하고 RF 영역에서의 기판 저항의 분포 효과를 분석하였다. s-파라미터로부터 환산된 AC 저항 및 커패시턴스와 같은 물리적 파리미터의 시뮬레이션치를 측정치와 비교함으로써 시뮬레이션된 s-파라미터의 신빙성을 확인하였다. 10GHz 이하의 주파수 영역에 대해서는 접합 다이오드가 포함되어 있는 기존 SPICE의 MOS 모델을 그대로 사용하고 게이트 노드와 기판 노드에 적절한 lumped 저항 한 개씩을 추가하는 간단한 형태의 매크로 모델을 사용하는 것이 적절하다고 판단된다.

• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 1993년도 Proceedings of International Conference for Agricultural Machinery and Process Engineering
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• pp.1176-1185
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to propose a new dynamic model of wheels and agricultural tractors through verification of the existence of " lift resistance " and "perpendicular adhesion" which also can be called " contra-retractive adhesion". The existence of these forces was proved through experiments including the development of a sensor which can measure the forces acting on a wheel accurately. Consequently " perpendicular adhesion ratio" which is defined as the ratio of the perpendicular adhesion to the distributed load was observed to be in the range of 0.05 to 0.3. This means the influence of the " lift resistance " is comparable to that of motion resistance in wheel dynamics. The perpendicular adhesion ratio was observed to decrease logarithmically with the increase of ground contact pressure, and to increase linearly with increase of the travel speed of the wheel . Some examples to express the new dynamic model compared to the conventional dynamics are explained.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.2110-2121
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• 1993

A numerical investigation has been carried out for the flow characteristics after exchange of some filters from the original layer to the new low pressure loss layer with equal filtering efficiency. The solution domain includes upper plenum, filter layer, clean space, access panels, and lower plenum. The concept of the distributed pressure resistance was applied to describe the momentum loss in filter layer and access panels. The evolution of the flow field is simulated using the low Reynolds number k-.epsilon. over bar turbulent model and SIMPLE algorithm based on the finite volume method. As a result, after the exchange of filter layer the power requirement can be reduced by 8-9 percent. The results also demonstrate that the perpendicularity of the flow near access panels may become worse at new filter layer than origianl filter layer. But the situation can be recovered by adjusting the jopening ratio of access panels.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.564-571
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• 1985

본 논문에서는 미시조직인자를 변화시킨 마르텐사이트-페라이트 복합조직강을 준비하여 균열선단 및 안정영역의 파괴양상과 파괴저항과의 관계를 검토하였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1993년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.65-72
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• 1993

Steel fiber reinforced concrete(SFRC) which is made by short, randomly distributed steel fibers in concrete is superior in its tensile mechanical properties to plain concrete in enhancement of tensile strength and tensile ductility. These improvements are attributed to crack arresting mechanism and formation of longer crack paths due to fibers , which as a consequence lead to increase in energy absorption capacity of SFRC. In the post-peak region under tensile stresses, major macrocrack forms at critical section. The opening of this macrocrack is mainly resisted by both of the fiber pull-out bridging the cracked surfaces and the resistance by matrix softening. In this study, micromechaincal approach has been made in order to simulate tensile behavior of SFRC and based on which the theoretical model is presented. This model reflects the features of both the composite material concept and the spacing concept in predicting tensile strength of SFRC. The model also takes into account for the effects of matrix tensile softening and fiber bridging by pull-out on the resistance for the post-peak behavior of SFRC. It has been shown that the developed model satisfactory predicts the experimental results.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.207-222
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• 2019

This paper has presented an effective and accurate meso-scale finite element model for simulating the fracture process of concrete under compression-shear loading. In the proposed model, concrete is parted into four important phases: aggregates, cement matrix, interfacial transition zone (ITZ), and the initial defects. Aggregate particles were modelled as randomly distributed polygons with a varying size according to the sieve curve developed by Fuller and Thompson. With regard to initial defects, only voids are considered. Cohesive elements with zero thickness are inserted into the initial mesh of cement matrix and along the interface between aggregate and cement matrix to simulate the cracking process of concrete. The constitutive model provided by ABAQUS is modified based on Wang's experiment and used to describe the failure behaviour of cohesive elements. User defined programs for aggregate delivery, cohesive element insertion and modified facture constitutive model are developed based on Python language, and embedded into the commercial FEM package ABAQUS. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model are firstly identified by comparing the numerical results with the experimental ones, and then it is used to investigate the effect of meso-structure on the macro behavior of concrete. The shear strength of concrete under different pressures is also involved in this study, which could provide a reference for the macroscopic simulation of concrete component under shear force.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.806-815
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• 1996

The interlaminar fracture behavior of woven laminates under static and cyclic loadings has been studied using DCB(double cantilever beam) specimens. The effects of surface treatment and stiching on the fracture behavior of composite laminates are investigated experimentally. Fracture toughness has been improved by surface treatment because the surface treatment can change the fracture mechanism of laminates. SCB(stitched cantilever beam) model has been proposed to quantify the effect of through-thickness resinforcement(stiching) in improving the delamination crack growth resistance. Distributed loads which are transfered to through-thickness fibers can be calculated by the SCB model. And fracture energy increase due to the distributed load can be predicted by a power function of the distributed load. A new parameter agreed well proposed predict fatigue crack growth rate. The predictions using this parameter agreed well with the experimental data.

• 한국조명전기설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조명전기설비학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.47-50
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• 2009

When the lightning currents flow through the ground electrode, the grounding system should be evaluated by the grounding impedance rather than the ground resistance because a grounding system shows the transient impedance characteristic by the inductance of the ground electrode and the capacitance of the soil. The ratio of the peak values of electric potential and currents is the conventional impedance that shows the transient characteristic about impulse currents of the grounding system in a roundabout way. The grounding system having low conventional impedance is a fine grounding system with low electric potential when the lightning currents flow. In this paper the conventional impedance of the counterpoise is calculated by using the distributed parameter circuit model and embodied the distributed parameter circuit model by using the EMTP program The adequacy of the distributed parameter model is examined by comparing the simulated and the measured results. The conventional impedance of the counterpoise is analyzed for first short stroke and subsequent short stroke currents.