• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.948-955
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• 1995

To investigate the antimicrobial activities of mustard seed(Brassica juncea), a series of solbents were examined for extraction of antimicrobial substances from mustard seed and then antimicrobial substances were identified by simultaneous distillation extraction(SDE) and GC-MS methods. Water and methanol extracts of mustard seed showed antimicrobial activitries against experimental strains while those from hexane extract almost was not observed. The distilled components of mustard seed by SDE method showed strong antimicrobial activities, methanol extract of residues fraction exhibited a little, and water layer with the exception of distilled components showed no antimicrobiol activities. The 30 varieties of distilled components including 3 types of isothiocyanate such as 3-isothiocyanate-1-propene, 4-isothiocyanate-1-butene, and 3-isothiocyanatoethyl benzene were identified from mustard seed.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.567-573
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• 2015

In this study, volatile compounds in nine commercial Japanese distilled liquors (Shochu) were isolated by headspace solid-phase microexrraction (SPME) and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (MS). A total of 76 volatile components, including 48 esters, 13 alcohols, and 15 miscellaneous components, were identified. Esters and alcohols constituted the largest groups of quantified volatiles. Differences in volatile components among the distilled liquors and possible sample grouping were examined by applying principal component analyses to the GC-MS data sets. The first and second principal components explained 77.92% of the total variation across the samples. The samples using barley koji showed higher overall concentrations of total volatile components. Additionally, the principal component analysis did not reveal any sample grouping based on the raw material used.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.514-518
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• 1997

In order to investigate the possible use of spices as natural preservatives) antimicrobial activities of garlic and ginger, representative spices, were examinated. Distilled components of garlic and ginger were also analyzed. Each extract of garlic was more suppressive on the growth of Gram negative bacteria than that of Gram positive bacteria. Extracts of garlic were showed effective suppressions on the growth of yeasts. Of the extracts of garlic, ether extract was highest among antimicrobial activities. In the case of ginger, ether extract of ginger was effective for growth inhibition of tested bacteria. Distilled components of garlic and ginger were extracted by simultaneous steam distillation extraction apparatus. The concentrates were analyzed with GC/MSD and Kovat's retention index and identified 13 components and 21 components respectively. Distilled components of garlic and ginger were full of sulfur compounds and hydrocarbons, respectively. di-2-Propenyl disulfide, methyl 2-propenyl disulfide, 2-vinyl-4H-1,3-dithiirane and 3,3'-thiobis-1-propene were major principal aroma compounds in garlic. ${\alpha}-zingibirene$, ${\beta}-phellandrene$, ${\beta}-sesquiphellandrene$ and camphene were major principal compounds in ginger.

• Mycobiology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.58-61
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• 2010

In an effort to develop novel mushroom-derived anti-obesity nutraceuticals, water and ethanol extracts containing the lipaseinhibitory compound from Phellinus linteus were prepared, and their nutritional components were determined. The optimal conditions for the extraction of P. linteus lipase inhibitor involved the treatment of the fruiting bodies with distilled water at $80^{\circ}C$ for 72 hr and 80% ethanol at $100^{\circ}C$ for 60 hr, respectively. The distilled water extract and ethanol extract contained 10.9% and 6.11% of crude protein, and 0.96% and 15.86% of crude fat, respectively. Additionally, the distilled water extract contained a large quantity of minerals, including 239.5 mg of K, 39.3 mg of Mg, and 39.3 mg of Na. The free amino acid content of the distilled water extracts was also higher than that of the ethanol extracts, and in particular, the distilled water extracts contained 5,139 mg of asparagine, 3,891 mg of tryptophan, 2,598 mg of alanine, and 2,066 mg of serine in 100 g of the distilled water extracts. 100 g of the distilled water and ethanol extracts were found to contain 12.31 g and 8.16 g of malic acid, respectively.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.246-255
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• 2001

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of muscles extracted with distilled water, saline solution, SDS or Trition X-100 showed simular protein patterns between Hanwoo and Holstein meat, indicating that SDS-PAGE technique may not be useful for the identification between Hanwoo and Holstein meat. Lectine blot analysis of muscle extracted with distilled water demonstrated that Hanwoo and Holstein meat had similar affinities for concanavalin A (Con A), ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA-120), ulex europaeus agglutinin (UEA-1) or peanut agglutinin (PNA) lectins. However, approximately 32.1 kDa component of Hanwoo meat showed high affinity for dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) lectin. On the contrary, high molecular weight components of Holstein meat had the specific affinity for wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) lectin. Hanwoo meat-specific components were observed by lectin staining of heat-denatured meat at 100$^{\circ}C$ for 30 sec. Also, the component of heat-denatured meat at 100$^{\circ}C$ for 30 sec, which was slightly smaller than Hanwoo meat-specific component, was concentrated specifically in Holstein meat.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.68-74
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• 2019

Objectives: Cultivated wild ginseng (cWG), called SanYangSanSam, has been used clinically in patients with chronic fatigue in Korea. Little is known about effects of the ginseng distilled (volatile) components produced during evaporizaiton. Recently, we first identified one major component from cWG distilled extract, panaxydol, by using mass spectrometry. However, functional properties of cWG distilled extract and panaxydol remains elusive. Therefore, the present study evaluated the effect of cWG distilled extract or panaxydol on exercise-induced fatigue in rats. Methods: Fatigue was induced by forced swimming and the immobility time was analyzed in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals received intraperitoneally either vehicle, cWG distilled extract, or panaxydol 10 min prior to beginning of the forced swimming test (FST) once daily for 5 days. After the FST on day 5, we also analyzed fatigue-related biochemical levels including blood urea nitrogen (BUN), lactate acid (LAC), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum and levels of glycogen in liver and soleus muscle. Results: The forced swimming time in cWG distilled extract (0.6 mL/kg)-treated group was significantly longer than that of control group on day 4 and 5. Panaxydol (0.1 and 0.25 mg/kg)-treated groups showed significantly enhanced performance in the forced swimming, compared to control. In addition, a significant decrease in serum LDH level was found in panaxydol-treated group, while there were no alternations in levels of serum BUN and LAC and glycogen in liver or soleus muscle. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated cWG distilled extract and its active component panaxydol have a function of anti-fatigue.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.61-66
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• 2001

Electro-Rheological(ER) fluids undergo a phase-change when subjected to an external electric field, and this phase-change typically manifests itself as a many-order-of magnitude change in the rheological behavior. This paper presents experimental results on material properties for an ER fluids of arabic gum components subjected to electrical fatigues. As a first step, ER fluids are made of arabic gum 25% of particle weight-concentration. Following the construction of test mechanism for estimated durability of ER fluid, the dynamic yield stress, shear stress and current density of the ER fluids are experimentally distilled as a function of DC electric field. The durability estimation of operated ER fluids are distilled and compared with those of unused ER fluids. In addition, the surface roughness of the employed electrode for copper and aluminum are evaluated as a function of the number of the electric-field cycles.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.45-55
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• 2014

Objectives : The main aim of this study was to assess the comparative efficiency of two preparation types of Hwangryunhaedok decoction(HRHD-D) using distilled and mixed extraction by measuring the index components and indicators of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Methods : The antioxidant activity was assessed by comparing distilled and mixed extractions of HRHD-D using an ELISA reader. The anti-inflammatory effect was determined by measuring NO amounts in RAW 264.7 cells. The contents were analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector(HPLC-DAD). Results : The electron donating ability of mixed and distilled extractions obtained with 500 ppm DPPH(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay) solution were 57.8 % and 4.2 %, respectively. The total phenolic content of mixed extraction was 6.9 times that of distilled extraction and total flavonoid content was 51.5 times higher. The anti-inflammatory effect was assessed by NO measurement, and was found to increase significantly dependent on concentration in all mixed extract concentrations(25, 50, 100, 200, $400{\mu}g/mL$), but the difference in distilled extraction by concentration was only significant at 200 and $400{\mu}g/mL$. The HPLC analysis results of mixed extract of HRHD-D showed detection of all four main active constituents of HRHD-D. However, they were not detected in the distilled extract of HRHD-D. Conclusions : Mixed extraction with distillation added to decoction of HRHD-D showed better efficacy in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and ingredient quantities compared to distilled extraction. Further stability and clinical efficacy studies for standardization of mixed extractions are required.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.181-187
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• 2000

Fatigue tests under acid fog environment were carried out to investigate the effect of acid fog on the corrosion fatigue strength of SM55C in comparison with distilled water. Main results obtained are as follows. The fatigue strength of SM55C under acid fog environment are remarkably decreased as compared with that of distilled water specimen. The corrosive effect of acid fog on fatigue strength are more serious under low stress amplitude level than under high stress amplitude level, and this leads to continuous reduction of fatigue strength. Under acid fog environment in early stage of crack growth. because the corrosive components dissolve the crack face offensively. the unstable fracture surface appears. But, the stable corrosion precipitation and products layer are formed on the fracture surface in accordance with the time pass.

• Advances in materials Research
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to observe the trend of compounds release from acrylic resin oral prosthesis when used for drug delivery as well as a restoration. In this study, 10 specimens of heat-cured polymethylmethacrylate material were prepared and loaded with methylene blue biological stain. The specimens were then submerged in vials with 5 ml distilled water for 24 hours. The extraction procedure continued for 4 days, each day the specimens were immersed in another 5 ml distilled water vial. All extracted solutions were analyzed by visible light spectroscopy for absorbance comparison. The statistical results showed that the absorbance values were significantly different in the first day of extraction than the following days. However, there was no statistical difference among the 2^nd, 3^rd and 4^th days of extraction. Biological stain loading to acrylic resin at the mixing stage, and then after extraction in distilled water, showed a burst release during the first day followed by a constant release during the following few days.