• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.53-58
• /
• 2016

With the growing use of big data and data mining, it serves to understand how such techniques can be used to understand various relationships in the healthcare field. This study uses hierarchical methods of data analysis to explore similarities in hospitalization across several New York state counties. The study utilized methods of measuring crowding distance of data for age-specific hospitalization period. Crowding distance is defined as the longest distance, or least similarity, between urban cities. It is expected that the city of Clinton have the greatest distance, while Albany the other cities are closer because they are connected by the shortest distance to each step. Similarities were stronger across hospital stays categorized by age. Hierarchical clustering can be applied to predict the similarity of data across the 10 cities of hospitalization with the measurement of crowding distance. In order to enhance the performance of hierarchical clustering, comparison can be made across congestion distance when crowding distance is applied first through the application of converting text to an attribute vector. Measurements of similarity between two objects are dependent on the measurement method used in clustering but is distinguished from the similarity of the distance; where the smaller the distance value the more similar two things are to one other. By applying this specific technique, it is found that the distance between crowding is reduced consistently in relationship to similarity between the data increases to enhance the performance of the experiments through the application of special techniques. Furthermore, through the similarity by city hospitalization period, when the construction of hospital wards in cities, by referring to results of experiments, or predict possible will land to the extent of the size of the hospital facilities hospital stay is expected to be useful in efficiently managing the patient in a similar area.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제5권5호
• /
• pp.538-551
• /
• 2002

웹을 통한 원격교육은 시간과 공간의 문제를 극복할 수 있다는 큰 장점에도 불구하고 강의 실 및 집합교육에 비해 연수생 관리가 취약하다는 문제점을 지니고 있다. 이러한 문제는 원격 교육활동의 성취수준 및 목표도달에 대한 커다란 장애로 부담이 되며, 원격교육담당자에 게 많은 고민을 안겨주고 있다. 원격 교육담당자는 원격교육활동에 대한 연수생의 참여와 반응을 계속적으로 모니터링해야 하고 이에 대한 적절한 피드백을 연수생에게 제공하여야 하나 기존 원격교육시스템은 교수학습활동에 중점을 둔 나머지 원격 교육활동에 대한 효율적 관리기능을 제공하지 못하고 있다. 본 논문은 원격 교원연수의 효율적 운영과 교원연수가 목표하는 학업성취수준의 효과적 달성을 위해 원격교원연수의 적합한 관리요소를 추출하고 이를 시스템 또는 연수 관리자가 연수과정에 적용하여 연수생에 대한 적절한 피드백의 제 공이 가능한 원격교원 연수시스템을 제안한다. 원격교원연수의 상호작용 유형과 학습효과 간의 관계를 비교 분석한다 또한, 본 시스템의 효율성 검증을 위해 원격교원연수의 학습유형과 이에 연계된 관리항목에 대한 가설을 설정하고 학습유형검사지를 통해 학업성취도와의 관계를 규명한다.

• 창의정보문화연구
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.167-176
• /
• 2021

본 연구에서는 COVID-19에 따른 원격수업 현황을 조사한 연구들로부터 효과적인 원격수업을 위해 교사들에게 필요한 사항들은 분석하였다. 그 결과, 원격수업 콘텐츠 관련 지원이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로는 원격수업 콘텐츠 제작에 특화된 플랫폼 구축 및 콘텐츠 제작·운영 관련 교원 연수의 확충, 콘텐츠 제작 관련 저작권 제도를 개선하는 방안이 필요하다고 판단된다. 또한 원격수업은 등교수업과 체계와 특징이 다르므로 원격수업을 위한 제도적 측면의 보완도 필요하다. 원격수업에 맞는 평가 방식, 교육과정 운영 권한, 학습 관리 시스템 등에 대한 지원 필요하다고 판단된다. 아울러 원격수업을 위한 인프라 확충이 필요하며, 원격학습으로 인해 학습격차 문제가 반복되지 않도록 자기주도적 향상 프로그램 및 자기주도적 원격학습을 할 수 있는 구조 및 플랫폼도 필요한 것으로 분석되었다.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.123-131
• /
• 2023

Background: As a restorative material used to treat dental caries, the light-curing type resin is widely used, but it has the disadvantage of polymerization shrinkage. The Bulk-Fill composite resin was developed to solve these shortcomings, but the existing research mainly focused on comparing the physical properties of a composite resin and a Bulk-Fill resin. A study on the light curing time and distance of the Bulk-Fill resin itself tend to be lacking. Methods: This study compares the surface microhardness of specimens prepared by varying the light curing time and distance of smart dentin replacement (SDR) as a flowable Bulk-Fill resin and Tetric N-ceram as a packable Bulk-Fill resin, and confirms the polymerization time and distance that becomes the optimum hardness. To determine the hardness of the specimen, it was measured using the Vickers Hardness Number (Matsuzawa MMT-X, Japan). Results: In SDR, the surface microhardness decreased as the distance increased in all time groups in the change distance from the curing tip. In the change of light curing time with respect to the distance from curing tip, the surface microhardness increased as the time increased. In Tetric N-ceram, the surface microharness showed no significant difference in the change of the distance of curing tip in the group of 20 and 60 second. But in the group of 10 and 40 seconds, decreased as the distance increased. The surface microharness increased as the light curing time increased in all distance groups. Conclusion: When using SDR and Tetric N-ceram in clinical practice, it is considered that as the distance from the polymerization reactor tip increases, a longer light curing time than the polymerization time recommended by the manufacturer is required.

• Educational Technology International
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.59-85
• /
• 2016

The purpose of the study is to report differences in the effects of learner characteristics on the self-regulated learning (SRL) abilities between Chinese and Korean distance learners by using a structured SRL scale. A standardized 54-item self-regulated learning scale (SRAS) was used. The reliability was tested both in China and Korea which showed the scale had good reliability. The comparative study were conducted by administering the SRAS on 1999 Chinese distance learners from the Open Distance Education Center of Beijing Normal University and 1941 Korean distance learners from H Cyber University. Data on four dimensions of SRL - planning, control, regulating, and evaluation - were analyzed using 't-test' and 'ANOVA' with regards to the learner characteristics such as gender, age, prior education level, semesters, location and major. Results indicated that the average participant had an above medium level of SRL ability in all of the four dimensions. There were significant differences in the self-regulated learning ability between Chinese and Korean distance learners. Chinese distance learners scored higher in SRAS than Korean distance learners. The effects of learner characteristics on the SRL ability showed different patterns in the two countries. As for gender, male learners scored better in SRL than female learners in China, whereas it was just the opposite in Korea. No age differences were found in China, but Korean data exhibited a consistent age effect in all dimensions. In Korea, the age group older than 46 scored the highest, followed by the group between 35 to 45 years old, the group between 26 to 35 years old and the group younger than 25. As for location, Korean distance students from metropolitan were better than those from other regions, whereas it was on the contrary in China, albeit the location effect was not statistically significant. Prior education level had a clear and consistent effect on the SRL ability in both countries: the distance learners from junior colleges had better planning, regulating and evaluating abilities than those who came from senior high schools. These results have been discussed in various contexts of distance/online education as well as in relation to different culture between China and Korea. The results will also have implications for designing distance and online learning generally.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this research was to conduct an analysis on the factors that determine the distance at the time of target swing based on the use of late hitting of outstanding college golfers to verify the difference between late hitting and the distance that target increases in regular swing and the distance. Then, this research conducts an analysis on the correlation between club head velocity, ball velocity, launch angle, back spin, meet ratio and distance that become kinematics variables at the time of target swing. To attain the above mentioned purpose, 25 outstanding college players with average experience and handicap of 6 years and 5, respectively, were targeted Comparative analysis on two swing that target increase in regular and the distance was conducted by used driver. When it pertained to two types of swing. analysis system comprised of an analytical software called the Science Eye of the Bridgestone and peripheries was used to define the relationship between variables of club head velocity, ball velocity, launch angle, back spin, meet ratio that become kinematics variables. As for the method of processing data pertaining to the factors that determine the distance, differences of distance by the type of swing was verified by using independent T-test that leveraged SPSS 120 statistics program. Moreover, level of correlation between variables that contribute to the increase in distance through relation of correlation, and analysis of tendencies was conducted to analyze tendency of non-distance to increase in accordance to the increase of each variable. Key results produced through this experiment are as follows: 1. Artificial late hitting for increased non-distance that targets skilled players had effect on increased the distance(p<. 05). 2 The drive distance is correlated with each measured variable that is positive correlation to ball velocity, club head velocity, meet ratio and relation of back spin and launch angle are negative correlation. ball velocity and club head velocity are very high correlated with drive distance(p<.01), back spin and distance are negative correlation(p<.01). 3. Among each measured variable increasing the club velocity is the most contribution, and ball velocity and meet ratio and the increasing launch angle and back spin is negative effect for increasing distance.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제29권1호
• /
• pp.75-84
• /
• 2021

블루베리 조생종 'Duke'의 주간 거리에 따른 수체 생육, 과실 특성, 수확량 및 작업 시간 등을 조사하였다. 수관이 겹치는 비율이 재식 5년차인 0.6 m 주간 거리에서 109%, 1.2 m 주간 거리에서는 37%로 주간 거리가 좁을수록 수관이 겹치는 양상이 심하였다. 주축지 수는 0.6 m와 1.2 m 주간 거리에 비해 2.4 m 간격에서 많은 것으로 나타났다. 과실 특성 중 과중은 2.4 m 주간 거리 처리구에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 당도, 산도, 경도와 같은 다른 과실 특성은 예상대로 주간 거리별로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 수확량은 연차별로 큰 차이 없이 0.6 m > 1.2 m > 2.4 m 주간 거리순이었으며 재식 5년차인 2019년에는 10a 당 수확량이 0.6 m의 경우 2,097 kg, 1.2 m의 경우 1,303 kg, 2.4 m의 경우 710.7 kg로 나타났다. 총 작업 시간은 0.6 m 주간 거리의 경우 154시간이었으며 1.2 m 주간 거리는 약 114시간(0.6 m 간격의 74%), 2.4 m 주간 거리는 약 74시간(0.6 m 간격의 48%)이었다. 따라서 장기적으로는 주간 거리 1.2 m가 블루베리 재배 시 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 조기에 수확량을 늘려 소득 증진을 위해서는 유목기에는 0.6 m 간격으로 유지하다 성목기에 이르러 1.2 m 간격으로 조성하는 계획적 밀식 방법으로 유동적으로 관리할 수 있다.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.197-205
• /
• 2011

Various jumping and landing motions are shown during sports event. But most previous studies have not considered landing height and distance simultaneously. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of landing height and distance on knee injury mechanism. Fourteen male(age: $28.86{\pm}1.99$ yrs, height: $177.00{\pm}4.69$ cm, weight: $76.50{\pm}6.41$ kg) participated in this study. The subjects attempted drop landing task onto the ground from 30 cm to 45 cm heights and to 20 cm to 40 cm distances. The results were as follows. First, higher drop landing height and longer distance showed greater degree of maximal knee flexion and valgus. Second, higher drop landing height and longer distance showed greater maximal knee extension moment and varus moment. Third, higher drop landing height and longer distance showed larger maximal knee absorption power. Lastly, higher drop landing height showed increased Peak GRF. Landing height was more related to the cause of injury, which was indicated by increased maximal knee extension moment, peak GRF and maximal knee absorption power. Landing distance was also associated with increased knee valgus moment and absorption power during landing. These results suggest that landing height and distance may be the cause of injury.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.107-124
• /
• 2020

Due to spread of covid-19, which began in December 2019, the usage of online distance learning has expanded within colleges. However, because of the lack of readiness for running online distance learning, professors and students had to experience a lot of inconvenience. In the near future, the usage of online distance learnig is expected to more expand, thus, it seems that there should be a strategies for sustainable online learning operations. This study aims to investigate which factors have impact on the continuance intention to usage of online distance learning of airline department students, focused on Post-Acceptance Model. For the empirical analysis, this study utilized a structural equation model after collecting 136 survey data. The results is as follow; First, user interface has positive impact on confirmation and confirmation has positive impact on satisfaction of online distance learning. Seconds, confirmation has positive impact on perceived usefulness, flow and social presence. Third, social presence has positive impact on satisfaction of online distance learning, but perceived usefulness and flow didn't have statistically meaningful impact on satisfaction. Finally, statisfaction of online distance learning has huge positive impact on continuance intention to usage. It is expected that the implications of this study enable colleges effectively to run online distance learning in preparation for the post-covid 19 era.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
• /
• 제4A권1호
• /
• pp.26-32
• /
• 2004

Digital technology has advanced significantly over the years both in terms of software tools and hardware availability. It is now applied extensively throughout many area of electrical engineering including protective relaying in power systems. Digital relays have numerous advantages over traditional analog relays, such as the ability to accomplish what is difficult or impossible using analog relays. Although non real-time simulators like PSCAD/EMTDC are employed to test the algorithms, such simulations are disadvantaged in that they cannot test the relay dynamically. Hence, real-time simulators like RTDS are used. However, the latter requires large space and is very expensive. This paper uses EMTP MODELS to simulate the power system and the distance relay. The distance relay algorithm is implemented and the distance relay is interfaced with a test power system. The distance relay's performance is then assessed interactively under various fault types, fault distances and fault inception angles. The test results show that we can simulate the distance relay effectively and we can examine the operation of the distance relay very closely including its drawbacks/limitations by using EMTP MODELS. Equally important, this approach facilitates any changes that need to be carried out in order to enhance the Distance Relay under test/examination.