• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.53-63
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• 2017

Sonic and supersonic jets include many complicated flow physics associated with shock waves, shear layers, vortices as well as strong interactions among them, and have a variety of engineering applications. Much has been learned from the previous researches on the sonic and supersonic jets but quantitative assessment of these jets is still uneasy due to the high velocity of flow, compressibility effects, and sometimes flow unsteadiness. In the present study, the sonic jets issuing from a convergent nozzle were measured by PIV and Schlieren optical techniques. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) with Olive oil particles of $1{\mu}m$ was employed to obtain the velocity field of the jets, and the black-white and color Schlieren images were obtained using Xe ramp. A color filter of Blue-Green-Red has been designed for the color Schlieren and obtained from an Ink jet printer. In experiments, two types of sonic nozzles were used at different operating pressure ratios(NPR). The obtained images clearly showed the major features of the jets such as Mach disk, barrel shock waves, jet boundaries, etc.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.212-218
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• 2019

This study evaluates the drug delivery and biocompatibility of latanoprost imbedded disk in rabbit eye by assessing pharmacokinetics (PK), clinical signs, and histopathologic findings. During 84 days of experimental period, 48 New Zealand Rabbit (NZW) eyes were divided into control group which received no treatment and test material group which latanoprost were implanted intrasclerally. Pharmacokinetic assessment was performed to evaluate the drug delivery for 3 months. For biocompatibility, clinical signs were observed and histopathological analysis was done at 3 months post-operatively. The concentration of latanoprost in the iris tissue was maintained during the experimental period and the highest level of latanoprost was found at 4 weeks. However, the latanoprost was not found in the aqueous humor. Macroscopically, there was no evidence of clinical signs except for temporary hyperemia, neovascularization and edema immediately after surgery. On histopathological examination, there were no abnormal findings such as hyperemia, neovascularization, and edema in the eye tissues. The latanoprost imbedded disks has effectively released the drug into the adjacent tissue with high compatibility. Therefore, this study suggests that the drug delivery system with intrascleral latanoprost imbedded implants might be a novel approach as a treatment option for glaucoma.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2013

A numerical design analysis is conducted to search for an optimal shape of outlet in a rotating-disk CVD reactor. The goal is to suppress flow recirculation that has been found in a reactor having a sudden expansion of flow passage outside of the rotating disk. In order to streamline gas flow, the sidewall at which the flow in the Ekman layer is impinged, is tilted. The axisymmetric laminar flow and heat transfer in the reactor are simulated using the incompressible ideal gas model. For the conventional vertical sidewall, the flow recirculation forming in the corner region could be expanded into the interior to distort the upstream flow. The numerical results show that this unfavorable phenomenon inducing back flow could be dramatically suppressed by tilting the sidewall at a certain range of angle. The assessment of deviation in deposition rate based on the characteristic isotherm illustrates that the sidewall tilting may expand the domain of stable plug-like flow regime toward higher pressure. A physical interpretation is attempted to explain the mechanism to suppress flow recirculation.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.96-108
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• 1985

감마선분광분석 및 열형광선량측정법에 의한 자연환경방사선의 선량해석에 관한 연구를 1984년 10월부터 약 1년간에 걸쳐 충남대학교 대덕캠퍼스내의 1만 $m^2$ 규모의 평면개활지에서 수행하였다. 이 연구에서 사용한 검출기는 3'${\phi}{\times}$3' NaI(T1) 섬광계수기(閃光計數器)와 plastic 에 밀봉하여 금속판에 압착 처리한 chip 과 Teflon-disk 로된 2종의 LiF TLD 였다. 실측실험으로는 3회에 걸친 24시간 cycle의 in-situ spectrometry 와 2회의 3개월 cycle 과 1회의 1개월 cycle에 걸친 TLD field dosimetry를 수행하였다. 측정한 모든 spectrum은 G(E)연산자법에 의하여 조사선량율(照射線量率)로 환산하였고 그 결과로부터 환경 방사선의 지설성분(地設成分)을 산출하였다. 결과(結果)에 의하면 spectrometry로 구한 조사선량율이 평균 $(10.54{\pm}2.96){\mu}R/hr$, TLD chip으로 측정해석한 값은 $(12.0{\pm}3.4){\mu}R/hr$, disk에서 얻은 값이 $(11.0{\pm}3.6){\mu}R/hr$로 오차범위 안에서 매우 좋은 일치를 보이고 있다. 그러나 감마선분광분석에 의한 자연방사선의 일변화(日變化)에는 가끔 심한동요가 관측되었다. 정확한 환경방사선량해석을 위하여 감마선분광분석과 TLD의 적절한 동시 배합사용이 바람직 하며, 보다 고감도의 TLD에 관한 연구와 국제비교등을 통한 선량평가의 정도향상(精度向上)을 위한 보다 깊이 있는 연구가 필요하다는 결론(結論)에 도달하였다.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2013

Slider bearing is a widely used load-carrying element in the industry. While a large number of studies have investigated the effect of overall surface curvature, very few have considered sinusoidal surface. Recently, consideration of surface roughness/waviness or intentional wave design has been identified as an important issue in the manufacture of hard disk driver, mechanical seal, hydraulic machine, and etc. This study investigated the load-carrying capacity of a finite-width slider bearing with a wavy surface. Film thickness ratios, length-width ratio, ambient pressure, amplitude, and partial distribution were selected as the simulation parameters. The calculation results showed that the load-carrying capacity rapidly varied at small film thickness ratio, but the waviness near the area of minimum film thickness made much more influence with an increase in film thickness ratio. As the length-width ratio of bearing was increased, ambient pressure became more influential at small film thickness ratios. Furthermore a particular partial distribution of the wavy area led to higher load-carrying capacity than did the whole distribution. Consequently, the results of this study are expected to be of use in surface micro-machining of finite-width slider bearings.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.844-848
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• 2004

We evaluate the durability of vehicle chassis component under dynamic loadings. Since the fatigue analysis of vehicle component is based on the dynamic load history it must be done by dynamic analysis. But in case the vehicle component has natural frequencies much larger than reversing frequencies of load history, we can get small analysis errors by applying quasi-static analysis. So it is inefficient that we apply to the dynamic analysis for all the vehicle components. In this research, we discuss the quasi-static analysis method which is appropriate for the fatigue analysis. And in case we can only perform the fatigue analysis based on dynamic analysis, we introduce more efficient method in the analysis time and hard disk storage.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1997년도 제25회 춘계학술대회
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• pp.224-231
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• 1997

Microscopic examination for the morphological estimation of wear debris on the oil-lubrcated moving system is an accepted method for machine condition and fault diagnosis. However wear particle anaysis has not been widely accepted industry because it is dependent on expert interpretation of particle morphology and relies on subjective assessment criteria. This paper was undertaken to estimate the morphology of wear debris on the oil-lubricated movig system by computer image analysis. The wear test was performed under different sliding conditions using a wear test device made in our laboratory and wear testing specimen of the pin-on-disk-type was rubbed in pararline series base oil. In order to describe characteristics of debris of various shape and size, four shape parameters (50% volumetric diameter, aspect, roundness and reflectivity) have been developed and outlined in the paper. A system using such techniques promises to obviate the need for subjective, human interpretation of particle morphology in machine condition monitoring.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.342-347
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• 2020

최근 국내에도 협동로봇이 산업용로봇 시장에 진입하면서 제조업을 중심으로 설치되고 있으나 산업안전보건법 제93조 안전검사에 따른 산업용로봇의 안전규제를 그대로 적용받고 있어 안전보호 대책인 펜스와 매트를 설치하여야 하는 상황이었다. 협동로봇을 설치할 사업장은 ISO 10218-2과 ISO 12100에 따라 로봇-인간, 작업환경, 작업방식에 대한 위험성평가를 실시하고 위험도를 낮추어야 한다. 그러나, 국내 산업현장에 협동로봇의 도입 초기인 관계로 협동로봇에 대한 새로운 위험성도 알려지지 않고 있으며 위험성평가도 활성화되지 않아 사업장에서는 위험성평가가 낯설고 어렵게 받아들여지고 있다. 협동로봇의 위험성평가는 로봇과 인간이 공존하는 개념에서 출발해서 작업자의 이상행동, 인적 오류, 설비결함, 인터록 기능에 초점을 맞춰 실제 일어날 가능성이 높은 위험을 발굴하고 개선하는데 그 목적이 있으며 본 연구는 국내 자동차부품 제조업에 적용된 사례를 통해 입증하고자 하였다. 향후에도 협동로봇의 위험성평가를 다양한 공정 및 작업에 대해 사례 발굴함으로써 중소기업의 안전성 향상에 유용할 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2013

핀틀 움직임에 의해 발생되는 큰 유동박리에 대해 적합한 2-방정식 난류모델의 압축성계수 보정모델을 판단하기 위하여 수치적 연구를 수행하였다. 난류모델은 저 레이놀즈수 k-${\varepsilon}$ 모델과 k-${\omega}$ SST 모델에 압축성 보정 모델(Wilcox와 Sarkar 모델)을 적용하여, 핀틀 노즐의 세부유동장을 관찰하고 노즐 벽면에서의 압력을 실험데이터와 비교 분석하였다. 마하디스크(Mach disk)의 위치와 박리영역에서의 압력 회복 형태는 난류모델에 따라 다르게 나타났으며, 각 난류모델에 압축성 보정을 적용하여 유동 박리 포획의 정확도를 개선하였다. 압축성이 보정된 k-${\varepsilon}$ 모델이 실험결과와 매우 잘 일치하였다.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2017

Small valves including ball valves, gate valves and butterfly valves have been adopted in the fields of steam power generation, petrochemical industry, carriers, and oil tankers. Butterfly valves have normally been applied to fields where in narrow places installing the existing valves such as gate valves and ball valves have proven difficult due to the surrounding area and the heavier of these valves. Butterfly valves are used to control the mass flow of the piping system under low pressure by rotating the circular disk installed inside. The butterfly valve is benefitted by having simpler structure in which the flow is controlled by rotating the disc circular plate along the center axis, whereas the weight of the valve is light compared to the gate valve and ball valve above-mentioned, as there is no additional bracket supporting the valve body. The manufacturing company needs to acquire the performance and life test equipment, in the case of adopting the improving factors to detect leakage and damage on the seat of the valve disc. However, small companies, which are manufacturing the industrial valves, normally sell their products without the life test, which is the reliability test and environment test, because of financial and manpower problems. Furthermore, the failure mode analysis of the products failed in the field is likewise problematic as there is no system collecting the failure data on sites for analyzing the failures of valves. The analyzing and researching process is not arranged systematically because of the financial problem. Therefore this study firstly tried to obtain information about the failure data from the sites, analyzed the failure mode based on the field data collected from the customers, and then obtained field data using measuring equipment. Secondly, we designed and manufactured the performance and life test equipment which also have the real time monitoring system with the naked eye for the butterfly valves. The concept of this equipment can also be adopted by other valves, such as the ball valve, gate valve, and various others. It can be applied to variously sized valves, ranging from 25 mm to large sized valves exceeding 3000 mm. Finally, this study carries out the life test with square wave pressure, using performance and life test equipment. The performance found out that the failures from the real time monitoring system were good. The results of this study can be expanded to the other valves like ball valves, gate valves, and control valves to find out the failure mode using the real time monitoring system for durability and performance tests.