• 제목/요약/키워드: disease vaccine

검색결과 707건 처리시간 0.024초

Reducing lesion incidence in pork carcasses by heating foot-and-mouth disease vaccine before injection

  • Cho, Jaesung;Ko, Eun Young;Jo, Kyung;Lee, Seonmin;Jang, Sungbong;Song, Minho;Jung, Samooel
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제33권4호
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    • pp.634-639
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    • 2020
  • Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of heating of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine before injection, on the incidence of lesions at the injection site (pork butt), amount of discarded meat, and economical benefit. Methods: In total, 101,086 piglets raised in 30 farms, were vaccinated in the neck with 2 mL of FMD vaccine at 56 d and 84 d of age using a commercial syringe. The heat treatment group (48,511 pigs) was injected with the FMD vaccine after it had been heated in a water bath at 40℃ for 20 min. After slaughter, the incidence of lesions on the pork butt was inspected, and the subsequent amount of discarded meat was recorded. Results: Heat treatment of FMD vaccine reduced the incident rate of lesions on the pork butt (p<0.01). Overall, 17.81% of the pigs in the heat treatment group had lesions, while the incident rate in the control group was 21.70%. The amount of discarded meat per head of total pigs and per head of pigs with lesions were significantly lower in the heat treatment group than the control group (p<0.01). Thus, the proportion of discarded meat to dressed carcass was lower in the heat treatment group (0.249%) compared with the control group (0.338%) (p<0.01). Farms that rear 1,000 sows can gain 1,863,289 KRW (1,600 USD) in one year when they adopt heat treatment of FMD vaccine before injection. Conclusion: Heat treatment of FMD vaccine using simple heat equipment (water bath) can be effective in reducing lesions caused by FMD vaccination and increase the economic benefits in pig farms.

Mitigating effect of dietary bromelain on inflammation at the injection site of food-and-mouth disease vaccine

  • Ko, Eun Young;Jeong, Hyun Kyu;Son, Jung Ho;Kim, Younghoon;Jung, Samooel
    • 농업과학연구
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    • 제45권4호
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    • pp.725-732
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    • 2018
  • The vaccination for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an effective way to control FMD. However, the injection of FMD vaccine causes abnormalities in pork meat by the incidence of lesions at the injection site. This study was conducted to investigate the inhibition effects of dietary bromelain, a natural protease derived from pineapple stems, on the incidence of lesions at the vaccination site on pigs. A total of 335 pigs (LYD [Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire ${\times}$ Duroc]; 7-week-old) were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments: control (basic diet) and bromelain treatment (diet supplemented with bromelain 1 kg/ton). The injection of FMD vaccine was conducted on 56- and 84-day-old pigs. Pigs with the bromelain treatment were fed a diet supplemented with bromelain for 14 days from 5 days before the vaccine injection. After slaughtering the pigs, the number of carcasses that had abnormal meat at the injection site of the vaccine and the amount of abnormal meat, discarded meat, and trimmings were recorded. Pork from the bromelain treated pigs had a lower incidence of abnormal meat caused by vaccine injection as well as a lower amount of abnormal meat, discarded meat, and trimmings than those of the control (p < 0.05). Our result suggests that dietary bromelain could improve the quality of pork meat by inhibiting incidence of lesions at the vaccine injection site.

A Bivalent Inactivated Vaccine Prevents Enterovirus 71 and Coxsackievirus A16 Infections in the Mongolian Gerbil

  • Eun-Je Yi;Young-In Kim;Seung-Yeon Kim;Sung Hyun Ahn;Hyoung Jin Lee;Bohyun Suh;Jaelim Yu;Jeehye Park;Yoon Jung Lee;Eunju Jung;Sun-Young Chang
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.350-358
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    • 2023
  • Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a viral infectious disease that occurs in children under 5 years of age. Its main causes are coxsackievirus (CV) and enterovirus (EV). Since there are no efficient therapeutics for HFMD, vaccines are effective in preventing the disease. To develop broad coverage against CV and EV, the development of a bivalent vaccine form is needed. The Mongolian gerbil is an efficient and suitable animal model of EV71 C4a and CVA16 infection used to investigate vaccine efficacy following direct immunization. In this study, Mongolian gerbils were immunized with a bivalent inactivated EV71 C4a and inactivated CVA16 vaccine to test their effectiveness against viral infection. Bivalent vaccine immunization resulted in increased Ag-specific IgG antibody production; specifically, EV71 C4a-specific IgG was increased with medium and high doses and CVA16-specific IgG was increased with all doses of immunization. When gene expression of T cell-biased cytokines was analysed, Th1, Th2, and Th17 responses were found to be highly activated in the high-dose immunization group. Moreover, bivalent vaccine immunization mitigated paralytic signs and increased the survival rate following lethal viral challenges. When the viral RNA content was determined from various organs, all three doses of bivalent vaccine immunization were found to significantly decrease viral amplification. Upon histologic examination, EV71 C4a and CVA16 induced tissue damage to the heart and muscle. However, bivalent vaccine immunization alleviated this in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that the bivalent inactivated EV71 C4a/CVA16 vaccine could be a safe and effective candidate HFMD vaccine.

시스템 충격과 회복을 위한 신속대응 전략: 백신 신속개발 프로그램 사례연구 (Impact on societal system and rapid response strategies for the recovery: Cases of rapid vaccine development programme)

  • 박인용;박미영
    • 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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    • 제20권1호
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    • pp.34-49
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    • 2024
  • Since the outbreak of COVID-19, 'overcoming infectious disease' has emerged as a priority task for most policies. Each country has implemented policy programs to significantly shorten the vaccine development period with the goal of rapid vaccine development. This study judged this process to be a shock to the existing social and technological system and its recovery. Accordingly, the United States' Operation Warp Speed, CEPI's 100 days mission, and Japan's SCARDA were selected as examples of policy programs with 'rapid vaccine development' as their mission and analyzed difference from traditional vaccine development system in terms of rapid development. As a result, it was confirmed that the accumulation of innovative resources was shared as the key to achieving the mission in the preparation stage before the outbreak of an infectious disease. However, it was also possible to discover an approach to shortening the period of each stage without fundamentally changing the vaccine development structure itself.

Current development of therapeutic vaccines for the treatment of chronic infectious diseases

  • Pil-Gu Park;Munazza Fatima;Timothy An;Ye-Eun Moon;Seungkyun Woo;Hyewon Youn;Kee-Jong Hong
    • Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.21-27
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    • 2024
  • Chronic infectious diseases refer to diseases that require a long period of time from onset to cure or death, the use of therapeutic vaccines has recently emerged to eradicate diseases. Currently, clinical research is underway to develop therapeutic vaccines for chronic infectious diseases based on various vaccine formulations, and the recent success of the messenger RNA vaccine platform and efforts to apply it to therapeutic vaccines are having a positive impact on conquering chronic infectious diseases. However, since research on the development of therapeutic vaccines is still relatively lacking compared to prophylactic vaccines, there is a need to focus more on the development of therapeutic vaccines to overcome threats to human health caused by chronic infectious diseases. In order to accelerate the development of therapeutic vaccines for chronic infectious diseases in the future, it is necessary to establish a clear concept of therapeutic vaccines suitable for the characteristics of each chronic infectious disease, as well as standardize vaccine effectiveness evaluation methods, secure standards/reference materials, and simplify the vaccine approval procedure.

오골계의 뉴캣슬바이러스 면역원성 조사 (Studies on the immunization against Newcastle disease virus in Ogol chicken)

  • 이종훈;김영진;정영균;정영재
    • 한국동물위생학회지
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.37-42
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    • 1999
  • This study was conducted to determine whether the vaccination programs for the control of Newcastle disease(ND) would affect the immune status of Ogol chicken in Yeonsan, Chungnam province. The results obstained are summerized as followes ; 1. Maternal antibody titers level of Ogol chickes was 2 $log_2$. 2. The efficacy of the Newcastle spray and drinking water vaccine was evaluated by the antibody responses and the protection rates(over 90% ) after challenge with a virulent Newcastle disease vims at 14 days. 3. Spray vaccine caused on visible side reaction like respiratory symptoms, but it is declined of the 4~5 days.

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Current status of measles in the Republic of Korea: an overview of case-based and seroepidemiological surveillance scheme

  • Choe, Young June;Bae, Geun-Ryang
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제55권12호
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    • pp.455-461
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    • 2012
  • Following the Five Year Measles Elimination Program, measles has been declared eliminated from the Republic of Korea since 2006. However, there remain challenges related to the surveillance of measles in the postelimination phase. Even though the routine surveillance system has revealed a gradual decrease in the number of reported cases since 2002, 4 resurgences have occurred, notably due to outbreaks. Because vaccine-modified measles is becoming widespread due to high vaccination coverage, conducting laboratory confirmation in each case becomes important. Moreover, susceptible individuals with measles have been identified through seroprevalence studies. Lastly, the efforts to improve the timeliness of measles reporting have led to the establishment of an active laboratory-based surveillance network, which has shortened the interval between diagnosis and notification. In these circumstances, searching for more sensitive and effective surveillance measures is important for maintaining the elimination status and preventing future outbreaks of measles in Korea.

뉴캣슬병 면역에 대한 검토 III. 예방접종 프로그램과 접종경노를 중심으로 한 뉴캣슬병 면역능 검토 (Studies on the Immunization Against Newcastle Disease III. Investions on the Immunity of Newcatle Disease with Special Reference to Vaccination Program and Route)

  • 이학철;정유열
    • 한국가금학회지
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.77-89
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    • 1981
  • The experimental study was undertaken to confirm the effect of vaccination of birds with Newcastle disease (ND) vaccines on the Market by use of th. various vaccination programs. Sixteen groups of birds varying from 2 to f days of age, which were originated from hyper-immunised hens against ND were immunised by three different ways, a live vaccine only, a killed vaccine only, and the combination of a live and killed vaccine according to the each schedule of employed programs. In the administration of a live vaccine only, birds were immunized by one of following methods, the combination of intranasal and intraocular inoculation, intramuscular inoculation, via drinking water and the double inoculation by spray and drinking water application. Except for the double application, all the birds were vaccinated 2,3 or 4 times with two volumes of the virus dose (drinking water application) instructed by the commercial vaccine laboratory, until 21, 28 or 30 days of age, and all the immunized birds 19, 21 or 28 days postvaccination were challenged intramuscularly with 1.0$m\ell$ of 10,000 MLD per $m\ell$ of a virulent ND virus. In the administration of the combination of a live and killed vaccine, birds were immunized 2 or 3 times intranasally at first until 14 or 28 days of age with the same dose of the above experiment of a live vaccine, and then inoculated intramuscularly 1 or 2 times until 60 days of age with 1.0 $m\ell$ of a killed vaccine. And all immunized birds 11 days postvaccination were challenged with the same procedure of the above experiment. In the administration of a killed vaccine only, birds were immunized 3 times intramuscularly until 28 days of age with varied dose (0.2-0.5 $m\ell$) of a killed vaccine and all immunized birds 33 days postvaccination were challenged with the same procedure of the above experiment. The results obtained are summerised as follows: All birds vaccinated by using the combination of a live and killed vaccine program or a killed vaccin only appeared to be refractory. without any sign of illness, to the challenge exposure with 1.0$m\ell$ of 10,000 MLD per $m\ell$ of a virulent ND virus. On the other hand, the survival rates of birds of live vaccine groups immunized by a number of vaccine program such as Salsbury's day old program, 3-3-3 program, the Institute of Veterinary Reserch program and Multiple inoculation program, were 39.58%, 43.7%, 43.75% and 47.80%, respectively. And the survival rates of birds vaccinated with a live vaccine by 4 different ways of administration, i.e., double inoculation by water and aerosol application, intramuscular injection, intranasal instillation and via 4.inking water were 87.50%, 64.06%, 42.18% and 25.00%, respectively.

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Reduction in Lesion Incidence in Pork Carcass Using Transdermal Needle-free Injection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine

  • Ko, Eun Young;Cho, Jaesung;Cho, Jin Ho;Jo, Kyung;Lee, Seung Hwan;Chung, Yoon Ji;Jung, Samooel
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제38권6호
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    • pp.1155-1159
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    • 2018
  • Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an infectious disease affecting pigs. The control of FMD in swine husbandry is very important because its outbreak results in a vast economic loss. FMD vaccination has effectively controlled FMD; however, it results in economic loss associated with the incidence of lesions in the pork meat at the injection site. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of transdermal needle-free injection (NFI) of the FMD vaccine on the incidence of lesions at the injection site. Pigs (n=493) in the control group were vaccinated with the FMD vaccine using a commercial syringe needle, while 492 pigs in the transdermal NFI group received the FMD vaccine using a needle-free gas-powered jet injector. After the slaughter of the pigs, the incidence of lesions at the injection site of all pigs was checked by plant workers. The result of this study showed that the incidence of lesions in the pork ham from pigs vaccinated with NFI was 14.82% lower than that in control pigs (p<0.01). In addition, lesions generated in the NFI group were found just in the subcutaneous tissue. Therefore, the incidence of lesions at the injection site in pork from pigs vaccinated with the FMD vaccine can be effectively reduced by using transdermal NFI rather than a conventional syringe needle.

Human Papillomavirus Vaccine

  • Lee, Yu-Jeung
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.133-136
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    • 2007
  • Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted disease in the United States. An estimated 6.2 million people are infected with HPV every year. Randomized controlled studies consistently show that HPV vaccine is effective in preventing infection and HPV related cervical lesions. In June 2006, Gardasil (qadrivalent HPV recombinant vaccine) was approved by the FDA for use in females 9-26 years of age. This article reviews published data to evaluate the effectiveness of HPV vaccine for the prevention of cervical cancer.