• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.215-224
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• 1998

본 시험은 미국과 유럽으로부터 도입된 5개 초종 23개 품종의 한지형 잔디의 생육특성, 추위와 가뭄에 대한 내성, 내병성 및 녹색도를 조사하기 위하여 1995년 연암축산원예전문대학 잔디시험 포장에서 실시하였다. Kentucky bluegrass는 8개 품종중에 Newport 와 Glade가 우수하였는데 Newport는 균일성, 피복도, 질감 등에서 최고의 품질을 나타내었으며 여름철의 질병에도 강하였으나 녹색도가 옅고 가뭄에 대한 저항성, 가을철의 녹병에는 약하였고 늦가을의 녹색도가 유지되지 않는 단점이 있었으며 Glade 품종은 녹색도가 진하며 밀도, 피복도, 균일성, 여름철 질병과 녹병에 대한 저항성 등에서 모두 중상정도로 우수하였으나 가뭄에 대한 저항성과 질감이 다소 나쁘고 Pythium blight에 약하였다. Tall fescue는 5개 품종 중 Revel과 Revel Jr. 품종이 진한 녹색을 나타내었으며 밀도, 균일성, 피복도 등 거의 모든 조사항목에서 다른 품종에 비해 우수한 결과를 나타내었다. Red fescue는 봄철의 질감은 뛰어났지만 모든 품종이 여름장마철에 질병으로 사멸하였다. Ryegrass는 4개 품종중 Dandy 품종이 질감을 제외한 거의 모든 조사항목에서 다른 품종에 비해 매우 우수한 결과를 나타내었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제50권12호
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• pp.1165-1172
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• 2007

Self/non-self discrimination and unresponsiveness to self is the fundamental properties of the immune system. Self-tolerance is a state in which the individual is incapable of developing an immune response to an individual's own antigens and it underlies the ability to remain tolerant of individual's own tissue components. Several mechanisms have been postulated to explain the tolerant state. They can be broadly classified into two groups: central tolerance and peripheral tolerance. Several mechanisms exist, some of which are shared between T cells and B cells. In central tolerance, the recognition of self-antigen by lymphocytes in bone marrow or thymus during development is required, resulting in receptor editing (revision), clonal deletion, anergy or generation of regulatory T cells. Not all self-reactive B or T cells are centrally purged from the repertoire. Additional mechanisms of peripheral tolerance are required, such as anergy, suppression, deletion or clonal ignorance. Tolerance is antigen specific. Generating and maintaining the self-tolerance for T cells and B cells are complex. Failure of self-tolerance results in immune responses against self-antigens. Such reactions are called autoimmunity and may give rise to autoimmune diseases. Development of autoimmune disease is affected by properties of the genes of the individual and the environment, both infectious and non-infectious. The host's genes affect its susceptibility to autoimmunity and the environmental factors promote the activation of self-reactive lymphocytes, developing the autoimmunity. The changes in participating antigens (epitope spreading), cells, cytokines or other inflammatory mediators contribute to the progress from initial activation to a chronic state of autoimmune diseases.

• 약학회지
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation among age, symptoms and initial medication (IM), and the tolerance duration of IM in Korean people with Parkinson's disease (PD). We studied 60 patients with untreated early PD who were initially diagnosed in our hospital between Jun 2006 and Sep 2014. We collected data on sex, age at diagnosis, symptom duration until diagnosis, main motor symptoms, frequency and duration of IM through electronic medical records. We divided patients into groups depending on the number of drugs (MONO/COMBI) and whether to contain dopaminergic property (DOPA/NDOPA). We analyzed the correlation between age and symptoms in each two groups and calculated the mean tolerance duration of IM in each of the groups. The mean symptom duration until diagnosis was 12.2 months. The most frequent drug was levodopa formulations (80%) compared to dopamine agonists (58.3%). The number of patients in the COMBI group (63.3%) was more than that in the MONO group (36.7%). Half of the patients in the COMBI group were taking LDF+DA (50%). Except for tremor, no other symptom showed a significant correlation between with IM. The mean tolerance duration of IM was within 200 days. The mean duration for COMBI group (342.7 days) was longer than that for MONO group (209.8 days). Among regimens, the mean tolerance duration of DOPA group (293.3 days) was longer than for NDOPA group (251.4 days). There was no difference in survival curves between any of the two groups. We found that patients experienced symptoms for over a year in Korea. This indicates that diagnosis time is faster than reported in other previous studies. The longest tolerance duration among IM was for dopaminergic combination therapy. More research is needed to design the most appropriate treatment for PD in Korean patients.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.570-579
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to exam the effects of a short-term pulmonary program on lung function, exercise tolerance, and quality of life in chronic lung patients. Method: Randomized controlled pre-post test design was used. The outcome measures were forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1, % predicted), 6 min walking distance (6MWD), Borg score after 6MWD, and Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRDQ). Experimental group performed the 4-week home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program composed of inspiratory muscle training, upper and lower extremity exercise, relaxation, and telephone visit. Patients in control group were only given education about self-management strategies. Thirty four patients with moderate-to-severe respiratory impairment were recruited, and 28 patients (19 in experiments, 15 in control) completed the study. Result: Significant improvements in lung function, exercise tolerance, and health related quality of life were found only in the experiment group. Conclusion: This study yielded evidence for the potential and beneficial effects of home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program in patients with moderate to severe chronic lung disease. The program could be adequately utilized for improvement of health related quality of life in chronic lung patients.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.370-376
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• 2017

양송이 재배에서 큰 피해를 주고 있는 세균성갈색무늬병(bacterial brown blotch disease)을 유발하는 3가지 병원균에 대해 양송이가 가지는 내성이 후세대에 전달되는지 검증한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 세균성갈색무늬병에 대한 양송이의 내성 정도는 균사생장능력과 상관관계가 없었다. 세균성갈색무늬병에 내성이 강하였던 계통의 후세대 단포자들은 균사체 단계에서는 부모세대처럼 강한 내성을 보이지 않으며, 자실체에서는 균사체에 비해 내성은 감소하였다. 세균성갈색무늬병에 내성이 약하였던 계통의 후세대 단포자들은 균사체 단계에서는 부모세대와 마찬가지로 내성이 매우 약하여, 부모세대가 가진 내성이 후세대로 전달되는 것으로 추측되었다. 자실체에서의 내성은 균사체에서 내성 유무와는 상관관계가 없었다. 따라서 자실체의 갈변 현상은 다른 요인이 복합적으로 관여하여 유발될 것으로 판단된다. Pseudomonas tolaasii는 자실체에서 Pseudomonas agarici에 비해서 갈변을 더 높게 유발시켰으며, Pseudomonas reactans는 균사체에는 큰 영향을 주지 못했지만, 자실체의 갈변에는 영향을 주었다. P. agarici는 자실체보다 균사체 생장억제능이 높았다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2001

The technique of plant transformation has started to show off its great power in the area of plant breeding by commercially successful introduction of transgenic varieties such as herbicide tolerant soybean and insect resistant corn in USA with an unimaginable speed. However, in contrast with the great success in the commercialization of herbicide tolerance and insect resistance, the transformation works on disease resistance has not yet reached the stage of full commercialization. This review surveys the current status of molecular breeding for plant disease resistance and their limits and problems. Some novel ideas and approaches in molecular breeding for disease resistance are introduced.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

Objectives : To prove the channel-tropism theory of herbal medicines on diabetes mellitus as emaciation-thirst disease in Korean Medicine Theory, we investigated the selective therapeutic effects of Mori Cortex Radidus (MCR), Schisandrae Fructus (SF), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (AR) for the upper emaciation on different organs in high fat and high sucrose (HF/HS) feeding-induced prediabetic mice. Methods : Diabetes in C57BL/6 mice was induced by the administration of high fat (45 kal%) and high sucrose (32 kal%) for 8 weeks, and them treated with each extract at 250 or 500 mg/kg body weight for 4 weeks (once a day). Oral glucose tolerance test and body weight was measured once a week. Insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceride, ${\gamma}GTP$, GOT and GPT were measured in the sera of all mice. Histopathological changes of different organs, lung, heart, pancreas, stomach, liver, and kidney were observed by H&E staining. Results : The results revealed that MCR extract inhibited the impaired glucose tolerance and lung damage, and increased serum insulin levels in HF/HS-induced prediabetic mice. SF extract inhibited the impaired glucose tolerance and lung damage, increased serum insulin levels, and decreased serum triglycerige levels. Meanwhile, AR extract inhibited the impaired glucose tolerance and lung damage, and decreased serum levels of insulin, total cholesterol and triglycerige levels. Conclusions : These results demonstrated that MCR, SF, and AR extract as the upper emaciation herbal medicines were followed their channel-tropism theory like a lung, and may have a selective therapeutic potential for control of diabetic stage.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1171-1179
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• 2017

Butanol is a promising alternative to ethanol and is desirable for use in transportation fuels and additives to gasoline and diesel fuels. Microbial production of butanol is challenging primarily because of its toxicity and low titer of production. Herein, we compared the transcriptome and phenome of wild-type Escherichia coli and its butanol-tolerant evolved strain to understand the global cellular physiology and metabolism responsible for butanol tolerance. When the ancestral butanol-sensitive E. coli was exposed to butanol, gene activities involved in respiratory mechanisms and oxidative stress were highly perturbed. Intriguingly, the evolved butanol-tolerant strain behaved similarly in both the absence and presence of butanol. Among the mutations occurring in the evolved strain, cis-regulatory mutations may be the cause of butanol tolerance. This study provides a foundation for the rational design of the metabolic and regulatory pathways for enhanced biofuel production.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.6.1-6.14
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• 2019

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a unique subset of cells with different functional characteristics compared to classical dendritic cells. The pDCs are critical for the production of type I IFN in response to microbial and self-nucleic acids. They have an important role for host defense against viral pathogen infections. In addition, pDCs have been well studied as a critical player for breaking tolerance to self-nucleic acids that induce autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus. However, pDCs have an immunoregulatory role in inducing the immune tolerance by generating Tregs and various regulatory mechanisms in mucosal tissues. Here, we summarize the recent studies of pDCs that focused on the functional characteristics of gut pDCs, including interactions with other immune cells in the gut. Furthermore, the dynamic role of gut pDCs will be investigated with respect to disease status including gut infection, inflammatory bowel disease, and cancers.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2005년도 한국식물병리학회 임시총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.16-19
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• 2005