• 식물병연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.146-161
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• 2002

최근 연작장해의 주원인으로 지적되는 토양병해의 발생은 매우 심각한 양상을 띄고 있다. 그 예로 배추 무사마귀병, 마늘 흑색썩음균핵병, 감자의 풋마름병, 고추 역병, 토마토 시들음병 , 수박의 CGMMV 등을 들 수 있으며 이 모두 시급히 해결하지 안되는 현실문제다. 토양병 발생이 이렇게 심각해진 것은 특정작물의 주산단지화 및 주년 생산체계, 시설원예의 보편화에 의한 획일적인 작부체계 내지는 동일작물 연작에 의해 토양환경이 급속히 악화된데 그 근본 원인이 있으며 이외에 수량 및 품질위주의 품종 육성에 의해 작물의 병 저항성을 소홀히 한 점이나 화학비료 위주의 경종방법 등도 토양병 발생을 부추기는 한 원인으로 지적되고 있다. 토양병 발생에 대한대책으로 그 원인을 찾아 제거하는 방법이 가장 효율적이라고 생각되는바 장기적인 대책으로 지역의 현실여건 및 경제성을 고려한 합리적 작부체계의 개발·운용, 작물별로 피해가 심한 다수 병해를 대상으로 한 복합저항성 품종의 육성 ·보급, 농토배양 및 토양개량을 통한 악화된 토양환경의 개선을 들 수 있고 단기적인 대책으로는 간편한 토양소독 기술의 개발·보급, 신속·정확한 토양병 예찰기술의 정립이 긴급하다. 이를 위하여 토양병 전문연구자의 육성 및 현장문제 해결을 위한 공동연구의 활성화 등에 국가적인 차원에서의 적극적인 지원이 요청되고 있다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2005

Weather data for disease forecasts are usually derived from automated weather stations (AWS) that may be dispersed across a region in an irregular pattern. We have developed an alternative method to simulate local scale, high-resolution weather and plant disease in a grid pattern. The system incorporates a simplified mesoscale boundary layer model, LAWSS, for estimating local conditions such as air temperature and relative humidity. It also integrates special models for estimating of surface wetness duration and disease forecasts, such as the grapevine downy mildew forecast model, DMCast. The system can recreate weather forecasts utilizing the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis database, which contains over 57 years of archived and corrected global upper air conditions. The highest horizontal resolution of 0.150 km was achieved by running 5-step nested child grids inside coarse mother grids. Over the Finger Lakes and Chautauqua Lake regions of New York State, the system simulated three growing seasons for estimating the risk of grape downy mildew with 1 km resolution. Outputs were represented as regional maps or as site-specific graphs. The highest resolutions were achieved over North America, but the system is functional for any global location. The system is expected to be a powerful tool for site selection and reanalysis of historical plant disease epidemics.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.24-24
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• 2003

Since Rice bacterial grain rot (RGBR) was reported at 1986 in Korea, it has been severely occurred in 1994, 1995, 1998, and especially around 16,609 ha in 2000, and became a major disease in rice cultivation field. This study was focused on investigation of ecology of RGBR, weather conditions that affect development of epidemics, and development of an effective RGBR forecast system based on weather conditions during the rice heading period.(중략)

• 생명과학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.570-574
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• 1999

Investigate the epidemics for influenza outbreaks. The outbreak pattern of the internal patients housed in the 10 designated hospitals was monitered to investigate and the characteristics of the virus isolates are as follows. 232 strains of influenza virus was isolated from the oral specimen of 1,320 respiratory disease patients in Pusan from Oct. 1998 to Jun. 1999. Among these isolates, 222 strains were A-type and the rest were B-type. The outbreak pattern for sex-and age-groups is as follows. The male outbreak was similar to the female outbreak: male outbreak, 47.4% and female outbreak, 52.5%. Most of the patients were less than 10 years old. The monthly influenza outbreak was consistent from Dec. 1998 to Apr. 1999. and The 113 strains from the A-type isolates were A/ Sydney/05/97(H3N2)-like, the 109 strains were A/Beijing/262/95(H1N1)-like, and all of the 10 B-type isolates were B/Harbin/07/94-like.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.395-402
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• 2022

To predict rice blast, many machine learning methods have been proposed. As the quality and quantity of input data are essential for machine learning techniques, this study develops three artificial neural network (ANN)-based rice blast prediction models by combining two ANN models, the feed-forward neural network (FFNN) and long short-term memory, with diverse input datasets, and compares their performance. The Blast_Weathe long short-term memory r_FFNN model had the highest recall score (66.3%) for rice blast prediction. This model requires two types of input data: blast occurrence data for the last 3 years and weather data (daily maximum temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation) between January and July of the prediction year. This study showed that the performance of an ANN-based disease prediction model was improved by applying suitable machine learning techniques together with the optimization of hyperparameter tuning involving input data. Moreover, we highlight the importance of the systematic collection of long-term disease data.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.519-528
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• 2009

결핵은 아직도 전세계적으로 소아에서 높은 유병률과 사망률을 보이는 질환이다. 아쉽게도 결핵에 대한 새로운 진단법, 치료법, 예방법에 대한 과학적 혹은 임상 연구는 주로 성인에 초점을 맞추어 왔으며 소아 결핵은 상대적으로 등한시되어 왔다. 그러나 특히 소아 결핵은 감염 후 중한 질환으로 진행되기 쉬우며 이는 사망을 초래하기도 한다. 또한 소아청소년기의 잠복결핵 감염은 후일 결핵균의 재활성으로 인하여 미래의 감염원으로 작용한다. 따라서 미래의 결핵 발생을 줄이기 위해서는 잠복결핵 감염에 대한 특징, 진단, 치료에 대해 이해하는 것이 매우 중요한다. 그러나 우리나라의 국가 결핵관리정책에는 이러한 개념들이 완전히 적용되지 않았으므로, 가능한 빨리 포함되고 시행되어져야 한다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.296-303
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• 2022

The cucurbit powdery mildew (CPM) caused by different fungal species is a major concern for cucurbit crops around the world. In Argentina CPM constitutes the most common and damaging disease for cucurbits, especially for squash crops (Cucurbita moschata). The present study displays initial insights into the knowledge of the disease in western Argentina, including the determination of the prevalent species causing CPM, as well as the evaluation of the resistance of squash cultivars and breeding lines. Fungal colonies were isolated from samples collected in Mendoza province, Argentina. A field trial was also performed to assess the resistance of five squash accessions, including commercial cultivars and breeding lines. The severity of CPM was analyzed and epidemiological models were built based on empirical data. The morphological determinations and analysis with specific molecular markers confirmed Podosphaera xanthi as the prevalent causal agent of CPM in Mendoza. The results od the field trial showed differences in the resistance trait among the squash accessions. The advanced breeding line BL717/1 showed promising results as source of CPM resistance for the future development of open pollinated resistant cultivars, a crucial tool for an integrative control of the disease.

• 식물병연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2003

Clubroot disease of curcifer crops caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae had been first reported in 1928 in Korea, and maintained mild occurrence until 1980s. Since 1990s the disease has become severe in alpine areas of Kyonggi and Kangwon, gradually spread to plain fields throughout the country, and remains as the great-est limiting factor for its production. Researches on the disease has begun in late 1990s after experiencing severe epidemics. Survey of occurrence and etiological studies have been carried out, particularly, on the pathogen physiology, race identification, quantification of soil pathogen population, and host spectrum of the pathogen. Ecology of gall formation and its decay, yield loss assessment associated with time of infection, and relationships between crop rotation and the disease incidence was also studied during late 1990s. In studies of its control, more than 200 crucifer cultivars were evaluated for their resistance to the disease. Lime applica-tion to field soil was also attempted to reduce the disease incidence. Resistant radish and welsh onion were recommended as rotation crops with crucifers after 3-year field experiments. However, so for, most studies on clubroot disease in Korea have been focused on chemical control. Two fungicides, fluazinam and flusulfamide, were selected and extensively studied on their application technologies and combination effects with lime application or other soil treatment. To develop environmentally-friendly control methods, solar-disinfection of soil, phosphoric acid as a nontoxic compound, and root-parasiting endophytes as biocontrol agents were examined for their effects on the disease in fields. In the future, more researches are needed to be done on development of resistant varieties effective to several races of the pathogen, establishment of economically-sound crop rotation system, and improvement of soil-disinfection technique applicable to Korean field condi-tion, and development of methodology of pretreatment of fungicides onto seeds and seedbeds.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.356-362
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• 2015

Many burial sites were constructed in a short time to prevent the rapid spread of foot and mouth disease in infected livestock carcasses in Korea. More than 4,700 carcass burial sites were constructed in 2011. Approximately seven million poultry and 3.5 million livestock, including cattle and swine, were buried on farmland. Some burial sites were suspected of leachate leakage and were excavated and carcasses redisposed in a bioaugmentation process. This study performed interviews in order to understand the economic issues related to carcass burial and redisposal. The internal data from local government and the assumption data from online sites were analyzed to evaluate the costs; the focus was on burial site construction. The results showed that the local government paid $4.7 and $10.9 per carcass for traditional burial and redisposal. The comparable costs shown online were $4.5. This study found that the standard operating procedures should be carried out to reduce environmental impact and avoid additional costs. We estimated that the cost could be reduced by the advance preparations of materials against the emergency situations such as catastrophe of epidemics. In addition, the innovative technology for the stabilization of carcasses should be established through a future study.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.15-18
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• 2020

Canine heartworm disease is a vector-borne disease that is transmitted from dog to dog by mosquitoes. It causes epidemics that disrupt the health environments of dogs and are burdensome for many dog owners. Recent trends of changing temperatures and weather conditions in South Korea may have an impact on the population of mosquitoes, and it affects the population of dogs at risk of heartworm infection. Mathematical modeling has become an important measure for analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases. However, canine heartworm infection transmission has not been reported yet through mathematical modeling. We develop a mathematical model of canine heartworm infection to predict the population of infected dogs depending on the vector (mosquito) population using a susceptible, exposed, infected, and recovered model. Simulation results show that after 1 year, 3,289 dogs out of 73,602 (about 4.5%) are exposed and 134 (about 0.2%) are infected. Only 0.2% of susceptible dogs become infected after 1 year. However, if all exposed dogs are maintained in the same circumstances without any treatment, then the number of infected subjects will increase over time. This may increase the possibility of other dogs, especially dogs that live outside, being infected.