• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.587-593
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• 2021

Infertility is a key issue affecting mood and behavior in men. Microorganisms are one of the primary etiological agents that may be associated with infertility. The objective of the present study was to identify bacterial causative agents from the semen of infertile subjects and determine the effect of bacterial infection on sperm quality, as well as determine the susceptibility of these bacteria to drugs. Forty semen samples from 30 infertile patients and 10 fertile individuals were collected. The pH, volume, motility, and concentration of semen were analyzed. The samples were processed and identified by biochemical testing using API identification kits. The antibiotic susceptibility pattern was determined using the disc diffusion method. Abnormal sperm quality was observed. The mean age of the individual and their sperm morphology, concentration, progressive motility, pH level, and pus cell content were 31.9 years, 2.7%, 10.4 million/ml, 27.3%, 8.3, and 5.7, respectively. Among the tested samples, oligoasthenozoospermia was found to show the highest occurrence, at 27/30 samples, followed by teratozoospermia, at 25/30 samples, and asthenozoospermia, at 22/30 samples. Of the tested infertile patients' sperm, 19, 6, and 5 isolates were identified as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively. The results also revealed multi-drug resistance in the bacteria. Compared to that shown by the other tested antibiotics, amikacin showed higher activity against all isolated bacteria. However, the bacteria exhibited maximum resistance against gentamicin, cefotaxime, levofloxacin, and ampicillin. In conclusion, leukocytospermia and bacterial infections are possibly responsible for sperm abnormalities. Multi-drug resistant bacteria were detected. Gentamicin, cefotaxime, levofloxacin and ampicillin were shown the highest resistance, while amikacin was the most effective antimicrobial agent against the isolated bacteria.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.184-189
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• 2021

When luting indirect restorations with dual-cure resin cement (DCRC), excess cement can be easily removed by performing tack cure of DCRC for a few seconds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether different tack cure times affect polymerization shrinkage (PS) of the selected DCRC. One dual-cure resin cement (G-CEM LinkAce, GC) was used for measuring PS in light-cure (LC group), self-cure (SC group), and two tack-cure modes. In the first tack-cure subgroup, tack cure was performed for 1, 2, 3, and 5 seconds, followed by light cure after 2 minutes of remnant removal time in each case (TC-LC groups). In the other tack-cure subgroup, tack cure was performed for the same lengths of time, but followed by self-cure in each case (TC-SC groups). PS was measured by a modified bonded disc method for 1,800 seconds. One-way analysis of variance followed by Duncan's post hoc test was used to determine any statistically significant differences among the test groups (α = 0.05). When the DCRC was self-cured after tack cure, PS was significantly lower than when it was only self-cured (p < 0.05); however, tack cure time did not affect PS (p > 0.05). When the DCRC was light-cured, PS was not affected by tack cure or tack cure time (p > 0.05). Therefore, tack cure within 5 seconds did not negatively affect the final PS when the DCRC was light-cured after cement remnant removal.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.138-146
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• 2022

Objective: The objective of the current study was to investigate the influences of conventional (CO) and deep litter (DE) systems on antimicrobial resistance in fecal Escherichia coli (E. coli). Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out to detect antimicrobial resistance to E. coli in swine fecal samples in CO and DE systems located in western and northeastern Thailand. Individual rectal swab samples were taken only from healthy pigs. A total of 215 individual and healthy pigs were randomly selected for isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility test of E. coli by the disc diffusion method. The test panel included amoxicillin (AMX), colistin, doxycycline (DOX), enrofloxacin, gentamicin (GEN), kanamycin, neomycin (NEO), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (SXT). Results: There were significant (p<0.05) lower resistance levels for GEN, NEO, and SXT in the DE farms compared to those in the CO farms. There was a lower number of antimicrobial resistance agents (p<0.001) in the DE farms compared to those in the CO farms. This result was consistent with those in western (p<0.01) and northeastern (p<0.01) Thailand. Overall, antibiograms of AMX-SXT and AMX-DOX-SXT were found in the CO (19.09% and 20.91%, respectively) and the DE (16.19% and 24.76%, respectively) farms. No antimicrobial resistance (5.71%) was found and AMX (13.33%) resistant pigs in the DE farms, whereas the pattern of AMX-GEN-SXT (6.36%) and AMX-DOX-GEN-SXT (11.82%) resistant pigs was found in the CO farms. Conclusion: The DE system for pig farming was superior to conventional pig farming by lowering the resistance level of fecal E. coli to GEN, NEO, and SXT, with decreasing the number of antimicrobial resistance agents and inducing a small proportion of pigs to be free from antimicrobial resistance.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2022

본 논문은 플라잉디스크를 사용한 경기중 하나인 얼티미트 경기에 사물인터넷 기술을 접목하여 경기진행 사항을 선수중심 및 경기원반 중심으로 추적하며, 경기 결과에 대한 선수간 종합적인 관계분석을 수행하였다. 선수 및 경기원반에 GPS기능이 내장된 WiFi 모듈을 장착하여 경기 진행 중 선수의 ID, GPS로부터 수신된 위도/경도 값 및 시간이 실시간으로 데이터베이스에 저장되며, 경기진행용 모바일 앱을 통해 선수들간의 경기진행 상태에 대한 정보들도 동시에 데이터베이스에 저장된다. 경기종료 후 이러한 정보들에 기반하여 경기내용에 대한 종합분석을 수행 할 수 있는 시스템을 개발 하였다. 데이터베이스에 저장된 정보를 활용하여 선수중심의 경기진행상황 및 경기원반중심의 득점상황을 가상 경기장에서 동영상 형태로 재현 할 수 있도록 설계하였으며, Python프로그램을 활용하여 선수중심의 다양한 경기분석 정보를 각종 그래프로 표시하였다.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.261-265
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• 2020

요추 후관절 주위 낭종은 신경근을 누름으로써 요통과 방사통, 신경성 파행을 일으킬 수 있는 드문 질환이다. 34세 남자가 심한 요통 및 우측 하지 방사통을 호소하였다. 자기공명영상에서 척추관 내에서 제3-4번 요추 추간판과 제4번 요추체 후면까지 우측으로 위치한 낭종이 보였다. 영상증폭기 감시하에서 주사 바늘 흡인을 시행하여 1.5 ml의 장액성의 노란 액체가 흡인되었다. 흡인 치료 후, 증상들이 즉각적으로 소실되었다. 자기공명영상 추시 촬영에서 낭종의 재발소견이 보이지 않았다. 저자들이 아는 한 국내에서는 요추 후관절 주위 낭종에 대한 직접적 바늘 흡인 치료에 대한 보고가 전혀 없기에 이 증례를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.77-82
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• 2022

일방향응고 초내열합금 CM247LC의 응고조건에 따른 조직과 기계적 특성을 고찰하기 위해 초기 응고조건을 인위적으로 변화시켜 일방향응고를 진행하였다. 초기 응고 조건은 알루미나 판의 삽입, 접종재의 삽입, Ni foil의 삽입과 냉각판에 직접 주입 등으로 조절하였으며, 이에 따라 초기 결정립의 수의 많은 차이를 보였으며 응고방향과 평행으로 성장하는 결정립의 형태 및 γ' 석출상의 크기 등에서도 많은 차이를 보였다. 냉각속도가 빠른 용탕의 냉각판에 직접 주입한 경우 많은 결정립, 미세한 γ'상 및 γ-γ'공정상 등이 나타났다. 빠른 냉각은 고체/액체 사이의 온도구배를 증가시켜 일방향응고 후 1차 수지상 간격을 미세하게 함으로써 우수한 인장특성을 갖게 하였다.

• Medical Lasers
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.22-30
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• 2021

Background and Objectives Ocular alkali burns cause severe damage to the ocular tissues and vision loss. Solcoseryl is a standardized calf blood extract that normalizes the metabolic disturbance and aids in maintaining the chemical and hormonal balance and has been used to treat burns in various tissues. This study examined the effects of Solcoseryl on a rat corneal alkali burn model. Materials and Methods Twenty rats were assigned randomly to four equal groups, including alkali burn, hyaluronic acid, Solcoseryl eyedrop, and Solcoseryl gel. A corneal alkali burn was induced by a NaOH-soaked paper disc. The treatments were given twice a day, every day. The wound area was measured after 24 and 48 hours, and the degree of neovascularization and corneal opacity were scored every week. The rats were sacrificed after three weeks for immunohistochemistry (IHC) to compare the level of inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. The thickness of the retinal layers was compared to observe any changes in the retina. Results The use of Solcoseryl on corneal alkali burn accelerated wound healing with less neovascularization, greater opacity, and less cataract. IHC showed that the inflammation of the cornea was controlled by both the hyaluronic acid and Solcoseryl treatments. On the other hand, the inflammation had spread to the retina. When the dosage forms were compared, eyedrops were more effective on corneal inflammation, while the gel-type had a greater effect on retinal inflammation. Conclusion Solcoseryl was effective in accelerating the wound healing rate on a corneal alkali burn but could not prevent the spread of inflammation from the cornea to the retina. Eyedrops were more effective on inflammation in the cornea, and the gel was more effective in the retina.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.86-94
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report on the efficacy of Korean medical treatment for voiding dysfunction. Methods: We treated a patient with voiding dysfunction using Korean medical treatments (herbal medicines, acupuncture, and herbal acupuncture therapy). To evaluate the results of this treatment, we measured the international prostate symptom score (IPSS) and the visual analog scale (VAS) for residual urination, dysuria, and miction pain. The general health status was evaluated with the European quality of life-5 dimensions (EQ-5d) scale. Results: We observed improvements in the IPSS and the EQ-5d scale after the treatments. Changes in the VAS reflected relief of residual urination and dysuria but not miction pain. Conclusions: This study suggests that Korean medicine may be effective to treat voiding dysfunction.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.189-201
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• 2022

Jellyfish is an emerging aquaculture species, farmed for Oriental cuisines and nutraceutical ingredients. This study aimed to examine antioxidative and antimicrobial potentials of various fractions of the jellyfish, Acromitus hardenbergi. The bell and oral arms of the jellyfish were sequentially extracted with petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM), chloroform (CHCl₃), methanol (MeOH), and water (H₂O) to extract its bioactive in an increasing polarity gradient. Test fractions were assayed for antiradical activities using electron spin resonance spectrometry, β-carotene-linoleate model and Folin-Ciocalteu assay; and antimicrobial activity against 2 Gram-negative bacteria, 4 Gram-positive bacteria and 2 fungal species using the disc diffusion assay. All fractions were also subjected to Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis to identify types of functional groups present. It was found that the hydrophilic extracts (H₂O fractions) possessed the most effective radical scavenging activity (p < 0.05) while the lipophilic extracts (PE fractions) the most active antimicrobial activity, especially against Gram-positive bacteria (p < 0.05). Total oxidation substrates content was found to be highest in the PE fractions of jellyfish bell and oral arms (p < 0.05). FTIR data showed that the H₂O and MeOH fractions contains similar functional groups including -OH, -C=O, -N-H and -S=O groups, while the PE, DCM, and CHCl₃ fractions, the -CH₃, -COOH groups. This study showed that A. hardenbergi contains antioxidants and antimicrobials, thereby supporting the traditional claim of the jellyfish as an anti-aging and health-promoting functional food. Bioassay-guided fractionation approach serves as a critical milestone for the strategic screening, purification, and elucidation of therapeutically significant actives from jellyfish.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.360-368
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• 2022

PURPOSE. This study assessed the physical and mechanical properties of interim crown materials fabricated using various digital techniques after accelerated aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three groups of interim dental restorative materials (N = 20) were tested. The first group (CO) was fabricated using a conventional manual method. The second group (ML) was prepared from prefabricated resin blocks for the milling method and cut into specimen sizes using a cutting disc. The third group (3D) was additively manufactured using a digital light-processing (DLP) 3D printer. Aging acceleration treatments using toothbrushing and thermocycling simulators were applied to half of the specimens corresponding to three years of usage in the oral environment (N = 10). Surface roughness (Ra), Vickers microhardness, 3-point bending, sorption, and solubility tests were performed. A 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher's multiple comparison test were used to compare the results among the groups. RESULTS. The mean surface roughness (Ra) of the resin after accelerated aging was significantly higher in the CO and ML groups than that before aging, but not in the 3D group. All groups showed reduced hardness after accelerated aging. The flexural strength values were highest in the 3D group, followed by the ML and CO groups after accelerated aging. Accelerated aging significantly reduced water sorption in the ML group. CONCLUSION. According to the tested material and 3D printer type, both 3D-printed and milled interim restoration resins showed higher flexural strength and modulus, and lower surface roughness than those prepared by the conventional method after accelerated aging.