• Nutritional Sciences
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.146-154
• /
• 2002

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of household type on the health- and food-related behavior of the elderly. The survey was conducted on 304 free-living elderly persons in Chun-Chon city in 1999. The subjects were divided into three groups by their household types : living alone (n=35), living with their spouses (n=59), and living with their extended family (n=191). The results were obtained by personal interviews using questionnaires. Compared to the group living with their spouses and/or extended families, the elderly living alone were : less satisfied with the amount of monthly pocket money available; less involved in social activities; taking less vitamin supplements; doing less physical exercise; more frequently skipping meals and dining out; less frequently consuming meats, vegetables, fruits and seaweed; and having the highest rate of depression. The elderly living with their spouses tended to have the best physical functions and the greatest ability to carry out basic daily activities. The elderly living with their extended families had a higher incidence of diseases compared to the other groups. The preferred snacks were cookies for the elderly living alone, and fruits for the other two groups. In summary, it has been shown that household type should be taken into consideration for formulating adequate future strategies for effective health and nutrition programs.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.475-482
• /
• 2005

As Korea has approached the aging society, older Koreans have become an important force in restaurant sales today. To succeed with this silver market, it is important for restaurant managers to know who they are and which factor influence the older Koreans' eating-out decision making process. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the elderly consumers financial independency on restaurant selection process. Data were collected from 178 older consumers above 55 years old and analyzed using the descriptive statistic analysis, MANOVA, and one-way ANOVA. The results showed that the elderly consumers financial independency significantly influenced the decision making process in determining where they eat out Significant differences were found between high income group and low income group in the Problem Recognition Step(Wilks' Lambda=0.776, F=3.796), Information Search Step(Wilks' Lambda=0.779, F=2.959), Alternative Evaluation Step (I :Wilks' Lambda=0.835, F=1.748/ II :Wilks' Lambda=0.764, F=3.212), and Purchase Decision Step(Wilks' Lambda=0.849, F=2.412), except the Post-Purchase Behavior(Wilks' Lambda=0.933, F=1.179). The more financially independent older consumers were, the more directly they were involved in the eating out decision making process. Older consumers with higher income and more personal property were likely to 'propose to eat out by themselves'(F=10.986), to obtain restaurant information from the 'printed materials'(F=9.707), to consider 'convenient location' as most important factor when they eat out(F=5.594), and to go to 'family restaurant'(F=7.067), 'Japanese restaurant'(F=7.391) and 'fine dining restaurants'(F-=6.382). In conclusion, we found that the elderly consumers financial independency did influence the eating-out decision making process. Considering that older Korean will become a financially independent consumer and will be eating away from home more often, food service operations should actively position themselves for this market and develop the market-driven menus and services to meet their needs and expectations.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.123-134
• /
• 2004

A convenience samples of Korean-Canadian/American adults who lived in Vancouver, San Hose and Los Angeles areas for over 10 years, were studied in 2000. Total of 130 adults were analyzed by immigration age. The age of immigration age was divided into 3 groups: the young group immigrated at 25 or before, the middle group immigrated at 26 to 40, and the old group immigrated at over 40. Their average length of residence in Canada and the U.S. was a little longer than 20 years. The dietary behavior patterns were similar among 3 groups, except co-eaters and dining-out frequency, and the Korean-Canadians/Americans seemed to be more home-based, family-tightened and traditional patterns than Koreans in Korea. They liked Korean traditional basic dishes, but their children liked a-la-carte ones and immigrants at early 20's showed similar food preferences as young generations. The attitudes of dietary acculturation for themselves and for their children were high. Since immigrating at age 26 to 40 years old rather than 20's or over 40's, showed stronger acculturation attitudes even with no significance and revealed significantly differences in some dietary behaviors and food preferences, it is recommended that immigration age should be considered when planning dietary foodservices at nursing care systems for Korean Canadians/Americans.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.166-174
• /
• 2017

The purpose of this study was to compare dietary self-efficacy for sodium intake reduction and dietary behaviors by eating areas. Subjects (797 males and 767 females) were classified according to perceived dietary habit levels related to sodium intake (lowest: ${\leq}10$ (n=434), low: $11{\sim}{\leq}13$ (n=471), high: $14{\sim}{\leq}15$ (n=360), highest: $16{\leq}$ (n=299)) using an online survey with a sample that was geographically representative of the population. The highest group was significantly younger and had a higher student proportion than the lowest group. Dining contexts regarding home led to a significantly higher sodium intake in the highest group, but it was eating out for the lowest group. The highest group had a significantly lower intention to reduce sodium intake compared to the lowest group. In the home cooked meals, the highest group displayed a significantly lower cooking frequency, less effort with respect to a low sodium diet and cooking habits related to sodium intake as compared to the lowest group. Also, regarding eating out and food service, the highest group exhibited significantly lower efforts and dietary behaviors to reduce sodium intake than the lowest group. The dietary score for sodium reduction behavior in the highest group was significantly lower compared to the lowest group, for home cooked meals, eating out, as well as food service. Thus, dietary guidelines and nutrition education for the reduction of sodium intake by eating areas need to be developed and provided.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.209-224
• /
• 2009

본 연구에서는 웰빙 트랜드에 따라 인식하는 외식 소비자의 웰빙 수준과 웰빙 태도가 레스토랑의 선택 속성에 미치는 영향력을 파악하고 이러한 분석결과를 토대로 외식업체들의 외식 소비자들의 웰빙에 대한 수준과 태도를 이해함으로써 향후 외식 소비자에 대한 판매 활동과 서비스를 제공함에 있어서 기초적인 자료를 제시하는데 본 연구의 의의를 갖고 수행하였다. 본 연구에서는 문헌적 연구와 실증적 연구를 실시하였고 웰빙 수준이 외식 소비자의 태도 및 레스토랑 선택 속성에 미치는 영향에 대한 시사점은 다음과 같다. 웰빙에 대한 태도가 높을수록 레스토랑의 선택에 대한 기준이 높아지고 있음을 의미하는 것으로 나타났는데 이러한 연구결과는 웰빙에 대한 관심이 높을수록 레스토랑을 선택함에 있어서 웰빙과 관련된 메뉴 선택과 건강 및 위생측면을 강조하여 레스토랑을 선택하는 것으로 나타나 외식업체의 경우 이러한 소비자들의 웰빙 트랜드에 맞춰서 메뉴 개발에 있어서 웰빙 트랜드와 건강을 고려한 메뉴 개발을 수행해야 할 것이며 식자재 위생에 대해 좀 더 강화해야 할 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 웰빙 현상은 단기적으로 끝날 것이 아니라 장기적으로 지속될 것으로 예상된다. 또한, 심리적 웰빙을 추구하는 개인적 웰빙이나 사회적 웰빙을 추구하는 로하스의 형태는 사회의 다양한 현상과 함께 상품을 개발함에 있어서 사회의 모든 활동과 관련해서 제공될 것으로 기대된다. 본 연구를 수행함에 있어서 한계점은 표본 집단의 설정이 서울지역에서만 실시하였기에 지역적 한계성과 함께 웰빙에 대한 개념적인 정의가 이루어진 다음 다양한 변수의 개발이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제38권5호
• /
• pp.283-292
• /
• 2023

Considering that the number of middle-aged single-person households is increasing, this study investigates dietary behaviors, nutrient intake, and mental health according to household type. Data were procured from the 2015-2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Totally, 5,466 participants aged 50-64 years were classified into 2 groups: a household with one member was defined as a single-person household, and households with two or more members were described as multi-person households. Single-person households comprised 10.63% of the total, with a higher average age, and lower income and economic levels than multi-person households. Compared to multi-person households, single-person households had a higher frequency of skipping breakfast, eating alone, and dining out, the moderately and severely food insecure group was more than 5 times, and nutrient intake and dietary quality were poorer. In the fully adjusted model, the odds ratios (ORs) of depressive symptoms were 2.35 times (95% CI: 1.39-3.96), and suicide ideation was 1.95 times (95% CI: 1.35-2.82) in single-person compared to multi-person households. Our results lead us to conclude that poor dietary intake in middle-aged single-person households affects the mental health, and the above factors should be considered when framing the dietary policy.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.162-170
• /
• 2024

The domestic swine industry is currently facing a threat due to the recent increase in pork imports. This study aims to determine what factors influence consumers' intention to consume imported pork and suggest measures to support the domestic pork industry. To achieve this, we analyzed data from the Korea Rural Economic Institute's Food Consumption Behavior Survey using a binary logistic regression model. The results revealed that a higher intention to consume imported pork is linked to a higher intention to consume imported rice, purchasing meat online, frequent purchases of HMR, and procuring U.S. beef, especially among urban residents. On the other hand, a lower intention to consume imported pork is associated with a higher awareness of animal welfare certification, frequently dining out, and older age. Based on these findings, we propose the following response measures for the domestic swine industry: implementing educational programs, marketing, and advertising specifically targeting urban residents to improve their perception of domestic agricultural products; enhancing price competitiveness through distribution optimization; and developing policies to promote the use of domestic pork as an ingredient in processed foods.

• 통상정보연구
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.3-34
• /
• 2013

본 연구에서는 실험을 통해 유형의 제품과 무형의 제품으로 구분하여 각각 다른 보상프로그램에 따른 소비자의 불평행동에 대한 회복과 행동의도에 미치는 영향을 규명하였다. 실험 1에서는 기업의 과실로 인한 불평행동을 경험한 소비자는 기업이 제공하는 보상프로그램을 통해 선호회복이 이루어졌으나, 불평행동을 유발한 제품 간의 소비자 선호회복에는 차이가 있었다. 연구의 결과에 따르면 노트북이 패밀리레스토랑에서의 외식 보다 선호회복이 명확하였음을 확인하였다. 또한 소비자들의 감정회복은 보상을 통해 가능하며, 노트북과 패밀리레스토랑에서의 외식 간 제품유형에 따른 감정회복에는 차이가 있었으나 보상물의 형태에 따른 감정회복 차이는 없었다. 결국 불평을 경험한 소비자는 보상을 통해 선호, 감정, 행동의도를 회복시킬 수 있는데 서비스보다는 유형 제품의 경우 회복이 더욱 컸으며, 동일한 유형제품이라도 보상물의 유형에 따른 회복에는 차이가 없으나 노트북 컴퓨터처럼 유형제품이면서 구매노력이 큰 제품은 감정반응자극이 더욱 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 실험2에서는 구매습관이 서로 다른 한국과 일본의 대학생 소비자 사이의 구매 후 불평행동과 이의 회복과정이 차이가 있는지를 확인하고자 하였다. 불평행동을 경험한 양국 소비자는 보상을 통한 선호회복에는 차이가 있었으며, 감정과 행동의도의 회복은 차이가 없었다. 이 실험에서는 한국의 대학생은 과시구매형인 반면 일본의 대학생은 유명구매형으로 노트북컴퓨터의 구매과정 및 구매 후 평가에 차이를 보이고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 특히 한국학생은 타인의 의식하는 경향이 강해 보상을 통한 선호회복이 일본의 학생에 비해 빠름을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 감정의 회복과 재구매 회복은 차이가 없기에 불평에 따른 보상프로그램은 감정과 행동의도에 영향을 주는 요인으로 확인되었다.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.139-157
• /
• 2005

In rural area, as the source of family income is related with the agriculture works, the living condition of non-farming family used to be lower except some family groups with a little higher income. In order to find out the improvement in rural life, data about the health behavior and diet habits of non-farming family were observed. This study evaluated the health behavior and diet habits of non-farming families by comparing them with those of the farming families in rural area. The survey was made by trained interviewers and a total of 1,870 subjects from 9 provinces were questioned to collect the data through sampling probability proportional to size. The non-farming families were $29.6\%$ of the total and they were with no spouse($38\%$), low number of family members(2.86), and aged husband(66.8 years) or wife(58.5 years). $83.1\%$ of the non farming families were having breakfast however, $95.1\%$ of the farming families were doing it. And the number of side dishes in non farming families was low(1-2 kinds: $17.7\%$). Out of non farming families, $47.3\%$ took no nutritional supplements and out of the farming families it was 40.8 $\%$ With regard to having snacks, $22\%$ of non-farmers had snacks daily and it was greater than that of farmers($16.6\%$). But the ratio of non-snack taking of the non-farmers($29.6\%$) was higher than that of farmers($24.5\%$). The sorts of snacks also varied and for farmers it used to be fruit and noodles and for non-farmers it was bread and milk. Instant foods were often selected by $35.6\%$ of non-farmers. Dining out with a frequency of once per month was reported in $23.2\%$ of non-farming families, but $47.6\%$ of them did not dine out at all. In case of food production for family consumption, small portion of non-farmers cultivated pepper($13.3\%$), Korean cabbage ($16.2\%$), and sesame($6.2\%$) but almost all of the farmers cultivated such crops. However, non-farmers produced soybean sprouts($0.7\%$), soybean curd($0.2\%$), and eggs($7.2\%$) and it was compared with the fact that farmers produced soybean sprouts($9.7\%$), soybean curd ($4.6\%$), and eggs($5.1\%$). Non-farmers stocked the fermented foods: Doenjang ($57.8\%$), Kochujang ($56.1\%$), Kanjang ($53.6\%$), Kimchi ($77.9\%$) and Jangajji ($37.2\%$), and this ratios were smaller than those of farmers: Doenjang ($93.6\%$), Kochujang ($92.9\%$), Kanjang ($87.9\%$), Kimchi ($97.7\%$) and Jangajji ($66.7\%$). As to health behavior of the subjects, non-farmers had less medical examinations and bathing than farmers did. Non-farmers and their wives used public bath facilities more often and it may be due to the low condition of bathing facilities. And the ratio of daily alcohol consumption was $15\%$ and it was higher than that of the farmers. Most of the spouse of the farmers did not drink($78\%$), but the wives of the non-farmers were drinking more frequently. More farmers smoked than non-farmers and $45\%$ of male farmers were smokers.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제43권6호
• /
• pp.62-72
• /
• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 실내벽면녹화가 이용자에게 어떠한 측면에서 긍정적으로 인식되었으며, 이용행태에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가에 대해 알아보는 것이다. 공용공간 이용객이 벽면녹화 조성 공간을 선호한다는 실험 가설 하에 벽면녹화가 이용객의 행태에 미치는 영향에 대해 관찰실험을 진행하였다. 실내벽면녹화를 설치한 후 행태관찰결과와 설문조사를 토대로 실내벽면녹화 선호도를 분석하였다. 관찰실험은 실내벽면녹화 선호가 이용행태에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가에 관해 2014년 3월 24일부터 31일까지 총 8일간 진행하였다. 일반칸막이 공간과 벽면녹화 칸막이 공간 이용행태를 관찰카메라로 녹화하여 영상을 보면서 분석하였으며, 붐비는 시간대는 관찰시간에서 제외하였다. 좌석별 평균이용시간은 SPSS 통계프로그램을 사용하여 독립표본 T-검정을 실행하였다. 설문조사는 행태관찰 후 일반칸막이 공간과 벽면녹화 칸막이 이용객 224명에게 설문조사를 진행하였다. 설문조사로 실내벽면녹화 선호도와 그 이유에 대해 알아보고, 관찰실험, 좌석분석 결과를 종합하여 분석하였다. 벽면녹화 칸막이 공간과 일반칸막이 공간의 칸막이 인접좌석의 총 이용시간 비교결과, 실내벽면녹화 선호도가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 벽면녹화 칸막이 공간의 여성이용자 비율이 일반칸막이 공간에 비해 더 높으며, 칸막이와 식물은 좌석선택에 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 행태관찰에서 나타나지 않는 이용자의 심리적 측면을 파악하기 위해 설문조사를 진행하였다. 설문조사에서는 실내벽면녹화에 대한 선호도가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 일반칸막이 공간 이용객 94명 중 11.7%(11명)가 벽면녹화 칸막이 공간에 앉기를 원하였으나, '벽면녹화 칸막이 공간에 자리가 없어서' 일반칸막이 공간에 앉았다고 응답하였다. 또한 벽면녹화 칸막이 공간 이용객 130명 중 24.6%(33명)가 '실내벽면녹화를 선호해서'라고 응답하였다. 일반칸막이 공간과 벽면녹화 칸막이 이용객의 64.3%(144명)가 동일조건이라면 벽면녹화 칸막이 공간을 선택하겠다고 응답하여 선호의사가 있는 것으로 나타났으나, 행태관찰에서 선호에 차이가 없었다.