• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.205-208
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• 2007

Purpose : Vascular endothelial cell damage and alteration of a fibrinolytic system was suggested to play a role in the development of coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki disease (KD). D-dimer is one of the markers of endothelial damage and fibrinolysis. We evaluated the clinical usefulness of D-dimer to differentiate KD from other febrile diseases and predict coronary artery abnormalities in KD. Methods : Sixty eight patients diagnosed as KD and twenty eight patients presented with acute febrile illnesses other than KD from September 2005 to July 2006 were included. Blood levels of D-dimer and various inflammatory markers were measured before treatment and the clinical course of KD was followed. Serial echocardiography was performed at the onset of disease and thereafter at a monthly interval for at least 2 months. Results : KD patients showed a higher D-dimer level than febrile controls, but the difference was not significant ($1.21{\pm}0.77{\mu}g/mL$ vs $0.92{\pm}0.71{\mu}g/mL$, P=0.083). Neither was the difference between KD patients who had coronary artery abnormalities and those who had not ($1.49{\pm}0.98{\mu}g/mL$ vs $1.15{\pm}0.71{\mu}g/mL$, P=0.169). D-dimer was significantly correlated with other inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate in both KD patients and febrile controls. Conclusion : D-dimer was not specific for KD. But it may be useful as an inflammatory marker to assess the severity of KD.

• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2006

The homoepitaxy of Si(5 5 12) at $495^{\circ}C$ has been studied by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy under ultrahigh vacuum. A Si-dimer is the basic building-block and preferentially adsorbs on a unique site, that is, the Si-dimer/adatom site at the (337) and the (225) subsections within the Si(5 5 12) unit cell. The Si(5 5 12) unit cell is faceted to $3\times(337)$ subsections filled with Si-addimers and $1\times(113)$ subsection. In this step the tetramer at the other (337) section within the unit cell is transformed to a dimer/adatom site which can accept Si-dimers. Each (337) section is faceted to $1\times(112)\;and\;1\times(113)$, and then finally the unit cell of Si(5 5 12) is faceted to $3\tiems(112)\;and\;4\times(113)$ and forms the facet of effective height, $2.34{\AA}$. In this step, mutual transformation between the honeycomb chain and the dimer/adatom occurs. Finally, the valley between (112) and (113) facets is filled. If once the last step is completed, the uniform and planar Si(5 5 12) terrace is recovered. From the present study, therefore, it can be concluded that the homoepitaxy on Si(5 5 12) is periodically achieved and such growth mode is quite unique since faceting of the substrate-unit-cell plays a critical role for controlling uniformity of the overlayer.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.167-174
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• 2017

China still has more than 30,000 patients of advanced schistosomiasis while new cases being reported consistently. D-dimer is a fibrin degradation product. As ascites being the dominating symptom in advanced schistosomiasis, the present study aimed to explore a prediction model of ascites with D-dimer and other clinical easy-achievable indicators. A case-control study nested in a prospective cohort was conducted in schistosomiasis-endemic area of southern China. A total of 291 patients of advanced schistosomiasis were first investigated in 2013 and further followed in 2014. Information on clinical history, physical examination, and abdominal ultrasonography, including the symptom of ascites was repeatedly collected. Result showed 44 patients having ascites. Most of the patients' ascites were confined in the kidney area with median area of $20mm^2$. The level of plasma D-dimer and pertinent liver function indicators were measured at the initial investigation in 2013. Compared with those without ascites, cases with ascites had significantly higher levels of D-dimer ($0.71{\pm}2.44{\mu}g/L$ vs $0.48{\pm}2.12{\mu}g/L$, P=0.005), as well ALB (44.5 vs 46.2, g/L) and Type IV collagen (50.04 vs $44.50{\mu}g/L$). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicated a moderate predictive value of D-dimer by its own area under curve (AUC) of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.54-0.73) and the cutoff value as $0.81{\mu}g/L$. Dichotomized by the cutoff level, D-dimer along with other categorical variables generated a prediction model with AUC of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.68-0.89). Risks of patients with specific characteristics in the prediction model were summarized. Our study suggests that the plasma D-dimer level is a reliable predictor for incident ascites in advanced schistosomiasis japonica patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.293-297
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• 2013

Background: : Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is an important cause of morbitity in patients with cancer. Aim: To investigate the effect of the baseline plasma D-dimer level, an important marker for thrombotic activity, on chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia in patients with stage III colon cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 43 (28 men) eligible patients were divided into two groups according to whether they exhibited chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia: Group 1 (n=21) and Group 2 (n=22). Comparison was made using demographic, histopathologic, and laboratory variables. Additionally, baseline plasma D-dimer levels underwent receiver operation characteristics curve analysis, and areas under the curve were calculated. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood rates were then determined. Results: The incidence of chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia had a significant correlation with baseline platelet count (r=0.568, P=0.031) and baseline plasma D-dimer levels (r=0.617, P=0.036). When the cut-off point for the latter was set as 498 ng/mL, the area under the curve was 0.89 (95%CI: 0.74-0.93), the sensitivity was 91.4%, the specificity was 89.7%, the positive likelihood rate was 3.64 and the negative likelihood rate was 0.24 for chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia diagnosis. Conclusions: The baseline level of plasma D-dimer could help to differentiate high-risk patients for chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.75-79
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• 2009

The ratio of aniline dimer (p-aminodiphenylamine), which is a nucleation site of chain growth in a chemical polymerization of aniline monomer, to aniline monomer was controlled to synthesize polyaniline with the molecular weight ($M_w$) between 10000 and 20000 g/mol. The result of OCP measurement showed that the reaction rate of polymerization was increased as the mole ratio of dimer was increased. The increase in the molar ratio of dimer resulted in the shift of absorption wavelength of polyaniline to the short wavelength region on measurement of UV/Vis and the decrease of molecular weight on the measurement of GPC.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.210-214
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• 1974

Through the copper catalyzed coupling reaction a uracil dimer, 5,5'-diuracil was synthesized from 5-uracildiazonium salt. Several derivatives of above diuracil dimer were also synthesized. The structure of the dimer was determined from their spectral data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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• 1996.07a
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• pp.18-18
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• 1996

Bacteriophage T4 endonuclease V initiates the repair of ultraviolet (UV)-induced pyrimidine dimer photoproducts in duplex DNA. The mechanism of DNA strand cleavage involves four sequential steps: linear diffusion along dsDNA, pyrimidine dimer-specific binding, pyrimidine dimer-DNA glycosylase activity, and AP lyase activity. (omitted)

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.22-26
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• 1991

Potential energy surfaces for the proton transfer in a formamide dimer have been obtained by ab initio SCF calculations with STO-3G, 3-21G, and 4-31G basis sets and several features have been discussed. Energy minima for a formamide dimer and its tautomer are varied with basis sets. But the general features of the potential energy surfaces are similar among them.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.488-491
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• 1989

Theoretical studies on the proton transfer reaction in a formamide dimer have been done by Ab initio SCF calculation. In this study, we have shown several effects on the potential energy profile of the proton transfer in a formamide dimer, such as the effect of a basis set, the effect of a geometry optimization, and the effect of a distance between proton-donor and proton-acceptor.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.346-348
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• 1989

Interactions between Tl atoms for the Tl dimer are studied by relativistic and nonrelativistic EHT methods. Relativistic bond weakening for the Tl dimer is qualitatively explained by comparing orbital energies from relativistic and nonrelativistic calculations. It is also shown that significant overlap exists, especially for 6p orbitals, at the internuclear distance larger than 4 ${\AA}$, implying that Tl-Tl interaction is not just the electrostatic interaction in the recently discovered dimeric thallacarborane.