• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2004년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.322-324
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• 2004

Up to the present, digital replantation patients has appealed different symptoms due to blood circulatory failure. But, the level of blood circulatory failure has been evaluated only by clinical symptoms, or angiography. According to the cases of digit replantation is increasing, then objective evaluation methods of the level of blood circulation failure is needed other than patient's subjective symptoms and complaints. Although angiography, doppler, electromagnetic flowmeter, laser blood flowmeter, mechanical blood flowmeter has been used for the evaluation of the blood circulatory failure, the result was affected by time, place, surrounding temperature, patient's body temperature, and even emotion. Therefore, it is pointed out with lack of availability, feasibility and reproducibility. Thus, we compared digital blood flow of dominant hand to non dominant hand, and replanted fingers to opposite normal fingers from developed photo-plethysmography. The average digital blood flow showed no difference in normal digits each other, but, replanted digits showed average of 53% (9 - 100 %) compare to opposit normal digits. As it measure relative blood flow for circulatory failure of tissue such as fingers and toes more sensitively, reliably. In conclusion, it is expected that photo- plethysmography will be very useful for diagnosis, curative effect, prognosis of blood circulatory failure in digital replantation patient.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2001

The abnormal female fowl (Arbor Acres broiler) of 40-day-old, which was polymelia with polydactyly was observed macroscopically and radiographically. An extra pelvic limb was attached at the left pelvic region. The extra pelvic limb consisted of an underdeveloped and malformed Os coxae like bone, femur like bone, tibia and fibula like bones, tarsal and metatarsal like bones, and five digits. The tarsal bones of two normal pelvic limbs and one extra pelvic limb were not fused with tibia and metatarsal bones respectively. The metatarsus of extra pelvic limb consisted of a single bone derived from several components. In a case of normal, first metatarsal bone remains independent. However in this case. all of metatarsal bones were fused. The extra pelvic limb was polydactyly. The digits consisted of the first and extra digit of three. the second and third of four. and the fourth of five phalanges. In each toe the last phalanx was pointed and formed the claw. The first and the second digits were polyphalangia [hyperphalangia]. The extra digit was microdactylia and brachydactyly.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 2024

Indian subcontinent is a birthplace of multilingual people where documents such as job application form, passport, number plate identification, and so forth is composed of text contents written in different languages/scripts. These scripts may be in the form of different indic numerals in a single document page. Due to this reason, building a generic recognizer that is capable of recognizing handwritten indic digits written by diverse writers is needed. Also, a lot of work has been done for various non-Indic numerals particularly, in case of Roman, but, in case of Indic digits, the research is limited. Moreover, most of the research focuses with only on MNIST datasets or with only single datasets, either because of time restraints or because the model is tailored to a specific task. In this work, a hybrid model is proposed to recognize all available indic handwritten digit images using the existing benchmark datasets. The proposed method bridges the automatically learnt features of Capsule Network with hand crafted Bag of Feature (BoF) extraction method. Along the way, we analyze (1) the successes (2) explore whether this method will perform well on more difficult conditions i.e. noise, color, affine transformations, intra-class variation, natural scenes. Experimental results show that the hybrid method gives better accuracy in comparison with Capsule Network.

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 1987년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.75-78
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• 1987

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.35-36
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• 1984

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제30B권12호
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• pp.21-30
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• 1993

In this paper, we propose a connected Korean digit recohnition system employing neural networks and lexical constraints of the Korean digits. In the proposed recognition system, firstly, each frame of digit string is labelled by phoneme classification neural networks.which are trained with the reference phoneme segments extracted form an isolated digit based on the position information. And, the frame labels are combined with each other for constructing the phoneme segments. Then, these segments are combined to form a digit candidate using the digit combination rules. The digit candidate is decided based on the condition for digit decision. If the condition is not satisfied, the digit candidate is further recognized using the digit decision neural network in the next step. In our approach, the neural networks are trained with 10 isolated digits uttered by 5 male speakers. To investigate the performance of the proposed recognition system, an intensive computer simulation on the 30 connected digit strings uttered by 5 male speakers is performed. The simulation result indicates that 95.6% digit recognition rate and 82% digit string recognition rate are provided by the proposed Korean digit recognition system.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.23-28
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• 1978

본 논문은 복수화자를 대상으로 한 숫자음성자동 시스템의 개발을 위한 기초 실험 결과의 보고다. ZCR, 대수 에너지등의 파라메터에 의한 무성자음의 분류, 선형예측에 의한 formant 주파수의 추정 및 그를 이용한 모음 및 유성자음의 인식을 행했다. 성인 남성 한 사람의 숫자음에 대한 인식실험의 결과, 음소(phoneme) 결합시의 과도 부분이나, 음소 인식 단계에서의 국소적 오인식을 흡수 할 수 있는 algorithm을 채용함으로써 양호한 인식 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 앞으로, 독수제자를 대상으로 한 인식실험, 인식시스템의 개선과 한께 국어의 음성학적 제성질의 연구를 해 나갈 예정이다.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2007년도 한국컴퓨터종합학술대회논문집 Vol.34 No.1 (C)
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• pp.407-411
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• 2007

이 논문은 우리나라 차량 영상에서 번호판 영역을 추출하는 알고리즘을 제안한다. 우리나라 번호판은 하단에 네개의 숫자를 포함하고 있으므로, 네 개의 숫자를 찾으면 번호판을 추출 할 수 있다. 제안하는 방법은 입력된 영상에서 숫자의 가능성을 가진 연결 요소를 검출하고 이들을 군집화 한다. 군집화 된 연결요소들을 바탕으로 숫자 네개(4-digits) 후보를 생성한다. 4-digits 후보들을 인식하여 숫자의 가능성을 측정하고, 적합도로 변환한다. 후보영역 중 적합도가 가장 높은 영역을 번호판 영역으로 추출한다. 적합도는 Perfect Metrics 방법으로 측정하였다. 제안하는 방법을 주간 영상 4600장과 야간 영상 264장으로 테스트 한 결과 각각 97.23%, 95.45%의 검출률과 0.09%, 0.11%의 오검출률을 얻었다.

• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제2권10호
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• pp.1245-1252
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 한국어의 숫자음을 대상 어휘로 이용하여 화자 식별을 하였다. 화자 식별을 위해서는 음성파에 포함된 여러 가지 정보로부터 화자 개개인이 갖는 개인적 특정 정보를 추출하여 화자 식별을 위한 특징 파라메타로 이용한다. 실험에서 사용한 특징 파라메타로는 음성파의 피치주기 사이에 존재하는 멀티펄스가 화자에 의존하는 개인의 특정 정보를 포함하고 있음에 착안하여 개개인의 음성파로부터 멀티펄스를 추출하고 추출된 멀티펄스로부터 화자별 특징 파라메타를 탐색하여 화자 식별 실험을 하였다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제16권2E호
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• pp.32-37
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• 1997

This paper proposes a isolated speech recognition method of Korean digits using a TDNN(Time Delay Neural Network) which is able to recognizc time-varying speech properties. We also make an investigation of effect on network parameter of TDNN ; hidden layers and time-delays. TDNNs in our experiments consist of 2 and 3 hidden layers and have several time-delays. From experiment result, TDNN structure which has 2 hidden-layers, gives a good result for speech recognition of Korean digits. Mis-recognition by time-delays can be improved by changing TDNN structures and mis-recognition separated from time-delays can be improved by changing input patterns.