• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.313-316
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• 2000

Three Holstein steers, fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas, were used in a replicated $3{\times}3$ Latin square design to determine the digestibility of dietary nitrogen in total digestive tract by three methods, 1) mobile nylon bag (MNB); 2) total fecal collection (TFC); and 3) washed fecal sample after freezing and thawing through a sieve with a pore size of $45{\mu}m$ (WFS). A basal diet of oaten hay-barley was supplemented with one of the following protein sources; soybean meal, fish meal or blood meal. Steers were fed at a level of 2% of body weight. The experimental diets were contained approximately 1.85% nitrogen. There were no differences (p>0.05) among the diets on DM, NDF and nitrogen disappearances, and the diet results were pooled to assess the methods. Total tract disappearances of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber were 61.6, 71.1 and 78.9 and 25.3, 63.2 and 64.6 for MNB, TFC and WFS methods, respectively. The lower digestibility of DM and NDF in the MNB method could be a result of low ruminal incubation time. The TFC method had the lower (p<0.05) determination of nitrogen disappearance in the total digestive tract than the MNB and WFS methods. On the other hand, nitrogen disappearance in the total digestive tract determined by the WFS technique was comparable to that in MNB technique, as there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the methods. It is shown that the disappearance of dietary nitrogen in the total digestive tract could be estimated in the intact animals by using washed fecal sample prior to freezing and thawing.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.19-30
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• 1991

가리비, Patinopecten yesso두냔의 소화맹낭 및 그 상피세포의 지방에 대한 계절변동과 생식소 발달과의 관계를 알아보기 위하여, 일본 북해도의 오호츠크해에 면한 망주만산 방류양식 개체를 1982년 9월부터 1984년 5월까지 월별로 채집하여 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 소화맹낭의 지수는 $5{\~}6$월에 가장 높았으며, 12월 및 유빙에 최저치를 나타냈다. 2. 소화맹낭의 조직단면적 1 $mm^{2}$당 세관수는 $9{\~}10$월에 최소치를 나타냈으나, 3월에 최다치를 보였다. 3. 생식소 지수(X)와 소화맹낭의 지방세관 비율(Y)은 $Y=145.6X^{-0793}$의 역지수함수적 관계를 나타냈다. 4. 소화맹낭의 지방은 생식소의 발달과 함께 생식소로 전이되는 계절변동을 보였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.455-462
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• 2013

NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is a key component of the inflammasome, whose assembly is a crucial part of the innate immune response. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between exon 3 polymorphisms of NLRP3 and the susceptibility to digestive disorders in rabbits. In total, five coding single-nucleotide polymorphisms (cSNPs) were identified; all of which are synonymous. Among them, c.456 C> and c.594 G> were further genotyped for association analysis based on case-control design (n =162 vs n =102). Meanwhile, growing rabbits were experimentally induced to digestive disorders by feeding a fiber-deficient diet, subsequently they were subjected to mRNA expression analysis. Association analysis revealed that haplotype H1 (the two cSNPs: GT) played a potential protective role against digestive disorders (p<0.001). The expression of NLRP3 in the group $H1HX_1$ ($H1HX_1$ is composed of H1H1, H1H3 and H1H4) was the lowest among four groups which were classified by different types of diplotypes. Those results suggested that the NLRP3 gene was significantly associated with susceptibility to digestive disorders in rabbit.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권14호
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• pp.6099-6104
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• 2015

Background: Previous studies investigating the association between miR-34b/c rs4938723 polymorphism and cancer risk showed inconclusive. Here, we performed meta-analysis to investigate the association between miR- 34b/c rs4938723 polymorphism and digestive cancer risk. Materials and Methods: Literature database including PubMed, OVID, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were searched for publications concerning the association between the miR-34b/c rs4938723 polymorphism and digestive cancer risk. Results: A total of 6 studies consisting of 3246 cases and 3568 controls were included in this meta-analysis. The combined analysis suggested the miR-34b/c rs4938723 polymorphism significantly reduced digestive cancer risk under allelic model, homogeneous co-dominant model and recessive model (C vs T: OR=0.88, 95%CI=0.82-0.95, p-value=0.001; CC vs TT: OR =0.67, 95%CI=0.57-0.80, p-value=0.000; CC vs TT/TC: OR=0.68, 95%CI=0.58-0.80, p-value=0.000). Q-test and I2 test revealed no significant heterogeneity in all genotype comparisons. The Begger's funnel plot and Egger's test did not show significant publication bias. Conclusions: The current evidence supports the conclusion that the miR-34b/c rs4938723 polymorphism decreases an individual's susceptibility to digestive cancers.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2011

연구는 3종의 이매패류를 대상으로 당면체의 소화효소 활성에 대해 조사하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 이매패류는 꼬막(n=61), 지중해담치 (n=30) 및 개조개 (n=30) 이며, 이들은 한국 남해안에서 2010년 5월에 채집하였다. 당면체의 소화 효소 활성 분석은 분광광도계를 이용하였다. 꼬막, 지중해담치, 개조개의 당면체를 구성하는 소화효소는 amylase와 cellulase가 약 90%로 대부분을 차지하였다. 그리고 꼬막, 지중해담치, 개조개의 당면체를 구성하는 소화효소 중 protease 의 활성도가 가장 낮았으며, 각각 0.02, 0, 0.08%로 나타났다. 당면체를 구성하는 소화효소 활성도는 3종 모두 cellulase > amylase > chitinase > laminarinase의 순으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.267-276
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• 2017

Purpose: Different esophagojejunostomy (EJ) reconstruction methods are used after totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG), and none is considered a standard technique. This report describes a 2-layer hand-sewn EJ technique during TLTG; we also evaluated postoperative morbidity associated with this technique. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all consecutive patients who underwent TLTG for gastric cancer (GC) from 2012 to 2016 at 2 affiliated teaching hospitals. All participating surgeons performed standardized intracorporeal 2-layer hand-sewn EJ. Results: We included 51 patients who underwent TLTG for GC and standardized EJ anastomosis. Twenty-seven (53%) were male, and the median age was 60 (36-87) years. The average operative time was $337{\pm}71minutes$ and intraoperative bleeding was $160{\pm}107mL$. There were no open conversions related to EJ. Postoperative morbidity was observed in 9 (17.0%) patients. There was no postoperative mortality. EJ leakage was observed in 2 patients (3.8%) and 1 patient (1.9%) developed EJ stenosis. Patients with leakage were managed non-operatively and the patient with stenosis required endoscopic dilation. The median length of hospital stay was 8 (6-29) days. Conclusions: Two-layer hand-sewn EJ during TLTG for GC is a feasible and safe technique. This method avoids a laparotomy for reconstruction and the disadvantages associated with laparoscopic introduction of mechanical staplers for EJ, and provides an alternative for alimentary tract reconstruction after TLTG.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2020

Objectives : Pyeongwi-san is widely used in Korean medicine for acute indigestion or gastrodynia. As a therapeutic agent for digestive diseases of modern people, in order to confirm the mechanism of Pyeongwi-san on digestive tract disease and the difference of therapeutic efficacy between its formulation, a comparative efficacy test was conducted on digestive tract disease animal model. Methods : For LPS enteritis animal model, male SD rats were intraorally treated with different formulation types of Pyeongwi-san, and then intraperitoneally administered LPS one hour later to induce enteritis. After 5 hours, blood was collected and TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2 were confirmed by ELISA. For acute gastritis animal model, male SD rats were intraorally treated with different formulation types of Pyeongwi-san according to the prescribed concentration, and then intraorally administered 60% ethanol and 150 mM HCl one hour later to induce acute gastritis. After 5 hours, blood was collected and TNFα,IL-6 were confirmed by ELISA. Results : In the LPS-administered enteritis animal model, Pyeongwi-san decreased TNFα, IL-1β, PGE2 and especially IL-6. Pyeongwi-san also decreased IL-6 in acute gastritis animal model. In addition, there was no significant difference in efficacy between the two formulations when compared with inflammatory markers. Conclusions : The efficacy of Pyeongwi-san was confirmed in the inflammatory markers related to digestive inflammatory diseases, and the efficay between two formulations of Pyeongwi-san was relatively similar. Further studies are needed to investigate the new applicability of Pyeongwi-san on different inflammatory diseases that have similar inflammation markers identified in this experiment.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.293-304
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• 2022

Among several diseases of calves, diarrhea is the most prevalent disease and has been a major cause of economic loss to the cattle industry. The main etiologic agents of diarrhea in calves are bacteria, viruses, and protozoa, but non-infectious factors including foreign bodies obstruction in the digestive system also focused as the cause of calf diarrhea in the recent days. Because there is still limited information for foreign body-related diarrhea in calves, especially in Hanwoo, the present retrospective study reviewed the medical records for diarrheic calves with foreign body in the digestive system (n=32). The morbidity was determined as 3.03% and more than half of them presented the acidosis, hyponatremia, and azotemia. The mortality in laparotomy-operated calves to remove foreign bodies or in non-operated ones was 28% or 85.7%, respectively, implied the importance of aggressive decision for laparotomy when the foreign bodies were determined in the digestive system in diarrheic calves. During laparotomy, trichobezoars (hair balls) and hays were the main foreign bodies and prevalently placed in the abomasum. In the trials to predict prognosis by several clinical factors, the time for laparotomy over 2 days after first diagnosis, acidosis, and foreign body in the abomasum were highly associated with mortality. Therefore, we believe that prompt surgical procedure (laparotomy) is necessary upon obstruction in the digestive system by foreign bodies is tentatively diagnosed in the diarrheic calf. In addition, when differential diagnosis list is made, foreign body-related diarrhea is necessary to be included in case of diarrheic calf.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2003

이 연구는 자주복의 개체발생 단계에 따른 소화관 외부형태의 변화와 소화관의 발달 양상을 조직학적으로 조사하였다. 부화 직전 수정란의 소화관은 난황낭과 배체의 척추 사이에 위치하였고, 형태는 거의 직선상 이었다. 입은 부화 후 2일째, 항문은 부화 후 4일째 열렸다. 부화 후 4일째 소화관은 식도, 전장, 중장 그리고 직장으로 구분이 되었고, 전장과 중장이 괄약근에 의해 구분되었다. 부화 후 5일째 자어는 전장과 중장 사이가 배측으로 굴곡되었고, 식도상피에 점액세포가 분포하였다. 이 시기에 난황은 대부분 흡수되었다 부화 후 6일째 자어의 소화관은 전장이 두부 쪽으로 팽창하면서 U자형으로 분화하였다. 부화 후 10일 째에 팽창한 전장은 더욱 커져서 구형을 형성하였다. 부화 후 15일째 전장의 배측 부위 중간에서 함입되기 시작하여 전장이 두 부분으로 나누어졌다. 부화 후 21일째 전장의 앞부분이 팽창낭으로 분화하였다. 부화 후 24일째에 후장의 앞부분이 배측으로 다시 회전하였다. 부화 후 30일째 팽창낭은 두부 쪽과 항문 쪽으로 길게 신장되어 어미의 소화관 형태로 발달하였다.

• 한국수정란이식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수정란이식학회 2006년도 The 6th Intermational Symposium on Developmental Biotechnology
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• pp.91-92
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• 2006