• Title/Summary/Keyword: different sludge concentrations

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Effect of Soil Conditioners for Contaminated Soil of Abandoned Zinc Mine Area on Growth of Chrysanthemum zawadskii and Caryopteris incana(Tunb) Miq (아연폐광지역 오염토양에 대한 토양개량제 처리가 구절초와 층꽃나무의 생육에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Eun-A;Choi, Young;Lee, Sang-Gak;Chiang, Mae-Hee
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.245-251
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    • 2003
  • This study was cnducted ton investigate the effect of soil conditioner such as dolomite, slkudge and organic manure on changes of soil chemical properties of abandoned zinc mine area. Growth responses of Chrysanthemum azwadskii and Caryopteris incana (Tunb) Miq affected by the appication were also determined. In thejsoil of abandoned zinz mine area, total heavy metal contents espectially Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn were high and organic matter contents was low. Application of sludge for phytoremediation resulted in higher soil organic content that other treatments tested. Heavy metal concentrations after application of soil conditioners were not different among treatments. The growth of C. zawadskii and C. incana (Tunb) Miq were significantly higher in sludge treatment than those in other treatments The cholrophyll content, chlorophyll flouorescence, protein content, photosynthetic rate and transpiration were high in sludge treatment. The heavy metal contents of C. zawadskii were the lowest in sludge treatment while those of C. incana (Tunb) Miq was the highest in sludge treatment.

The Effects of Desulfurization by Screen using Ca-based Absorbent in a Solid Waste Fluidized-bed Combustor (유동층연소로에서 제지공장 폐기물을 이용한 황산화물 제어시 스크린에 의한 탈황효과)

  • 조상원;이재홍;조기철;장상용;오광중
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.7 no.6
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    • pp.783-791
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    • 1998
  • The objectives of this study were to investigate the characteristics of desulfurization under different experimental conditions and the effects of desulfurization bed fluidized bed combuster installed with the screen. The experimental results were as follows ; First, as the height of fluidized bed combustor becomes higher, the concentrations of $SO_2$ mainly increased and sulfur retion of paper sludge was higher than that of natural limestone. Second, the desulfurzation by natural limestone occurred at in-bed and the desulfurization by paper sludge occurred in the whole of fluidized bed combuster. In addition, we identified calcium sulfate by the analysis of SEM and XRD. Third, screen at splash region increased sulfur retention 2~5%, air velocity and anthracite fraction had a little effect on the sulfur retention.

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Stabilization of Arsenic in Paddy Soils Using Stabilizers (논토양 내 비소 불용화에 대한 안정화물질의 처리 효과)

  • Kang, Min Woo;Oh, Sejin;Kim, Sung-Chul;Lee, Sang Soo
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.17-22
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    • 2019
  • BACKGROUND: Soil contamination of As is a very sensitive environmental issue due to its adverse impact on human health and different characteristics with other heavy metals. With public awareness of As poisoning, there has been growing interest in developing guideline and remediation technologies for As-contaminated soil. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of stabilizing amendments and soil dressing methods on the mobility of As in the contaminated rice paddy soils nearby mining area. METHODS AND RESULTS: Different amendments were mixed with surface and subsurface contaminated soils at a ratio of 3% (w/w) and monitored for five months. Three different extractants including 0.01M $CaCl_2$, TCLP, and PBET were used to examine As bioavailability in the soil and the concentration of As in rice grain was also measured with an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy. The results showed that all amendment treatments decreased As concentration compared to the control. Especially, coal mine drainage sludge (CMDS) treatment showed the highest efficiency of decreasing As concentration in the soil and rice grain. The values of Pearson correlation (r) between As concentrations in the soil and rice grain were 0.782, 0.753, and 0.678 for $CaCl_2$, TCLP, and PBET methods, respectively. Especially, $CaCl_2$ method was highly correlated between As concentrations of the soil and soil solution (r=0.719), followed by TCLP (r=0.706), PBET (r=0.561) methods. CONCLUSION: Stabilizing amendments can effectively reduce available As concentration in the soils as well as soil solution, and thereby potentially mitigating risks of crop contamination by As.

Oxy-combustion Characteristics of Coal and Waste Fuels with the Concentrations of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide (산소/이산화탄소 농도 변화에 따른 석탄과 폐기물 연료의 순산소 연소 특성)

  • Kang, Sin-Wook;Park, Jeong Min;Lee, Sang-Sup
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.473-479
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    • 2017
  • This study was designed to understand characteristics of oxy-combustion of coal, dried sewage sludge and solid refuse fuel (SRF). Thermogravimetric analysis was conducted by burning the fuels with air, 21% oxygen ($O_2$)/79% carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and 30% $O_2/70%$ $CO_2$. Heating rates were varied as 5, 10, 25, 40 and $100^{\circ}C/min$. Complete coal combustion was found at the heating rates of 5, 10, 25 and $40^{\circ}C/min$, and different combustion behavior was found with the gas composition at the heating rates of 10, 25, 40 and $100^{\circ}C/min$. Coal combustion with 30% $O_2/70%$ $CO_2$ showed the highest while coal combustion with 21% $O_2/79%$ $CO_2$ showed the lowest combustion rate. On the other hand, the combustion of dried sewage sludge and SRF showed similar combustion behavior with respect to the combustion gas composition. This suggests that oxy-combustion of dried sewage sludge and SRF which contain a large amount of volatile matter may show similar combustion behavior to their air combustion.

Analysis and Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Chlorophenols in Sewage and Industrial Wastewater Sludge in Korea (국내 하.폐수슬러지 중 다환방향족탄화수소 및 염화페놀류의 분포 특성)

  • Ju, Joon-Hyung;Kim, Min-Young;Lee, Sung-Hee;Oh, Jeong-Eun
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.30 no.7
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    • pp.735-742
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    • 2008
  • In order to evaluate the levels and distribution patterns, the concentrations of PAHs and chlorophenols were investigated in sludge samples discharged from 6 WWTPs located along Nak-dong river and 7 STPs in Busan, Korea. Levels of 16 PAHs and 19 chlorophenols in sludge samples ranged from 1.28 to 44.9 mg/kg dry wt. and from 213 to 3,850 $\mu$g/kg dry wt., respectively. Levels of PAHs in sludge samples except I5 and S4 were detected lower than those of previous studies. The distribution patterns of PAHs and chlorophenols varied with industrial wastewater sludge samples because industrial wastewater sludge had different industrial input sources. However, the distribution patterns of PAHs and chlorophenols in sewage sludge were pretty similar. Phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene were dominant and the fractions of these 3 PAHs relative to 16 PAHs in sewage sludge ranged from 30.8 to 50.7%. 2-chlorophenol is dominated in most sewage sludge samples and the fraction ranged from 36.0 to 66.8%.

Use of Paper Mill Sludge and Briquet Ash as Root Zone Soil Mixtures for Thrfgrass Culture (잔디상토로서의 제지스럿지와 연탄재 이용에 관한 연구)

  • 구자영;김태일;안주원
    • Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.11-22
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    • 1992
  • To determine the use of waste materials as root zone soil mixtures for turfgrass culture, the effects of paper mill sludge and briquet ash on physical and chemical properties of soil and growth of turfgrasses were examined. Three turfgrass species of zoysiagrass(Zoysia japonicaSteud.). kentycky bluegrass(Poa pratensis L. 'Ram I') and creeping bentgrass(Agrostis panistris Huds 'Persucross') were cultured in 32cm diameter plastic pots containing various soil mixtures. The basic ingredients used for mixtures included sand(SD), field soil(SL), paper mill sludge(PS), sphagnum peat moss(PM) and briquet ash(BA). Seven combinations using these ingreients were mixed in different percentage by volume as follows: SD+SL+PM(80:10.10), SH+SL+PS(80:10:10), SD-PM(80:20), SD+PS (80:20), SD+BA(80:20), SD+BA+PM(60:20:20) and SD+BA+PS(60:20:20). 1. Paper mill sludge showed pH of 6.6, more than 30% of organic matter content, and higher concentrations of total N, P, k, Ca, Mg and CEC. Bulk density, fild moisture capacity and electrical conductivity of soil mixtures were increased by the comimation of 10~20% PS by volume. 2. Briquet ash showed pH of 8.0, and higher levels of P, k, Ca and Mg than those of field soiks. Bulk density, field moisture capacity and hardenss of soil mixtures were increased but vertical water flow rate and electrical conductivity were decreased by the combination of 20% BA by volume. 3. Phytotoxic effects of PS and BA on growth of turfgrasses were not found. Shoot growth of all three species was higher in soil combination of SD+BA+PS than that of SD+SL+PM added with fertilizer. However, root growth was better in soil mixtures combined with PM. Soil mixtureomposed of 60% SD, 20% BA and 20% PS by volume was most effective on growth of all three species. 4. Paper mill sludge resulted in higher N level in the leaf tissue. The contents of heavy metals such as Cd and Ph did not vary significantly among soil mixtures and species. However, the Mn level was 2~3 times higher in plants growh in mixtures containing PM compared with others, and especially it was higher in creeping bentgrass than other species.

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Effects of Municipal Sewage Sludge on Contents of Lead and Copper in Crop Plants. (경작지내(耕作地內) 도시하수(都市下水) Sludge 의 처리(處理)가 작물(作物)중 Cu 및 Pb 함량(含量)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Kim, Seong-Jo;Baek, Seung-Hwa;Chung, Dong-Jin
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.9-19
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    • 1992
  • To ditermine the accumulation of Cu and Pb in crops grown on Sludge-treated Soils, four crop plants, green onion(A Ilium ascalonicum L.), radish(Raphanus sativus L.), potato(Solanum tuberosum L.) and Chinese cabbage(Brassica pekinensis Rupr), were grown in greenhouses on soils treated with municipal sewage sludge at different levels of 0, 22.5, 45, and 90ton/ha as soil dry weight. The contant of heavy metals were analyzed in plant parts of the crop species and the statistical characteristics were investigated. The results were as follows: 1. Cu and Pb contents in experimental plants were increased in accordance with quanti of sludge applied. 2. Accumulation of Cu and Pb in leaves of plants was increased in order of radish

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Movement Responses of Sludge Worm Tubifex tubifex (Annelida, Oligochaeta) in Three Different Copper Concentrations

  • Hyejin Kang;Mi-Jung Bae;Young-Seuk Park
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.55 no.3
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    • pp.251-257
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    • 2022
  • Monitoring and assessing aquatic ecosystems using the behavior of organisms is essential for sustainable ecosystem management. Oligochaetes, which inhabit various freshwater ecosystems, are frequently used to evaluate the environmental conditions of freshwater ecosystems. Tubifex tubifex (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Tubificidae) is tolerant to organic pollution and has been used to evaluate the toxicity of toxicants, including heavy metals. We studied the behavioral responses of T. tubifex to three different copper concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg L-1). The specimens were exposed to copper in an observation cage containing 150 mL of dechlorinated water. Movement behavior (diameter, speed, acceleration, meander, and turning rate) was continuously observed for two hours before and after the copper treatments. After the treatments, the diameter shrank and showed rapid twisting movement under all the copper conditions. The turning rate had a positive correlation with meander and acceleration both before and after treatment at all three concentrations, whereas speed and meander had a negative correlation. Length and turning rate also showed a negative correlation. The correlation coefficient between speed and acceleration in the highest copper concentration changed from positive before treatment (r=0.64) to negative (r= -0.52) after treatment. Our results present the possibility of using behavioral parameters to detect copper contamination in freshwater ecosystems.

Investigation on Posssiblility of Composting by Properties Analysis of Organic Sludge Composts (각종 유기성오니의 성상분석에 의한 퇴비화가능성의 검토)

  • Han, E.J.;Choi, H.G.;Lee, J.A.;Kim, K.Y.;Lee, C.K.;Park, K.H.;Phae, C.G.
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.109-120
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    • 2000
  • In the analysis of the common categories, moisture contents and organic concentrations were not much different according to the types of industry or treatment facilities. When heavy metals contribution of the sludge from domestic and industrial wastewater treatment facilities was analyzed, As, Hg and Cr concentrations were relatively high among 42 standards of the fertilizer law. As concentration war higher in 28 of 42 facilities (67%) than limits of the fertilizer law. Hg concentration was not acceptable in the 21 of 42 facilities (50%). Cr concentration was not acceptable in 9 of 42 facilities (21%). From these results, It is found that As is the most frequently detectable component and contaminant than any other heavy metals in sludges. The data from this experiment was also compared with the guidelines of harmful organics and the rest of heavy metals that are regulated by some of the foreign countries. Be, Se and Mo concentrations were lower than the limits. Among the organics, the average concentration of PCB (10 samples) was 26.2 ppb. The highest concentration was 162.6 ppb in the sludge of the municipal wastewater treatment facilities and the lowest concentration was 2.14 ppb from the skin manufacturing industry. From the leaching analysis of re-manufacturing goods from the sludge, most of them was acceptable on the regulation law but Cr concentration was over the limit.

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Evaluation of bioflocculation and settling characteristics for MLSS from a Biological Nutrient Removal Plant (생물학적 고도처리 MLSS의 생응집성 및 침강성 파악)

  • Lee, Byonghi
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.219-225
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    • 2008
  • Evaluating and designing secondary clarifier require to define characteristics of influent MLSS (Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids). In this study, bioflocculation and settling characteristics for MLSS from a Biological Nutrient Removal (BNR) plant located in near Seoul were measured. MLSS concentrations in bioreactor were about 2,500mg/L in summer and about 4,000mg/L in winter, respectively. Tests showed that there was not much bioflocculation occurred in secondary clarifier. Average ESS/DSS (Effluent Suspended Solids/Dispersed Suspended Solids) was 100%. From the settling tests, ZSV (Zone Settling Velocity) and settling constant (n) in Vesilind equation were estimated at different MLSS temperatures. SVI (Sludge Volume Index) and SSVI (Stirred Sludge Volume Index) were also measured at different temperatures. It was found that ZSV was positively correlated with temperature and n was inversely proportional to temperature. SVI and SSVI had very similar values at about $25^{\circ}C$ of MLSS, However, SVI had more than 2 times higher values than SSVI at below $20^{\circ}C$ of MLSS. Temperature effect must be considered to design and evaluate secondary clarifier.