• The Journal of the Korean Society for Microbiology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 1979

Identification of group A $\beta$-phemolytic streptococci is very important to provide an appropriate preventive measure of possible rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis. For such purpose bacitracin susceptibility of streptococci because of its simplity has been most widely used despite of its occasional faulty results. Recently, a coagglutination technique was advocated using streptococcal group specific antibodies adsorbed to protein A-containing staphylococci. This study was conducted to evaluate the coagglutination technique using reagents prepared by ourselves. The specificity, reproducibility and stability were ascertained and the following results were obtained. 1. The identification by coagglutination technique using our own reagent gave the same results compared with the Lancefield precipitation technique. The result also agreed with the Phadebact grouping. 2. There were no variation in group A and B identification due to lot difference. However, there were a few discrepant results in group C and G identification which was conducted in different days with different lots of our reagent. 3. The stability of our reagents was less satisfactory compared to the commercial product. An effort to improve the stability was considered necessary. 4. For coagglutination, it was found convenient to use supernatant of Todd-Hewitt broth incubated for 24 hours. Both parafin-ringed slide glass and RPR card gave comparable results and the former could be used when the latter is not available.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.19 no.4 s.74
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• pp.357-367
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• 2006

Drift design methods using resizing algorithms have been presented as a practical drift design method since the resizing algorithms proposed easily find drift contribution of each member, called member displacement participation factor, to lateral drift to be designed without calculation of sensitivity coefficient or re-analysis. Weight of material to be redistributed for minimization of the lateral drift is determined according to the member displacement participation factors. However, resizing algorithms based on energy theorem must consider loading conditions because they have different displacement contribution according to different loading conditions. Furthermore, to improve practicality of resizing algorithms, structural member grouping is required in application of resizing algorithms to drift control of high-rise buildings. In this study, three resizing algorithms on considering load condition and structural member grouping are developed and applied to drift design of a 20-story steel-frame shear-wall structure and a 50-story frame shear-wall system with outriggers.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.109-114
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• 2024

Enterprise storage systems that require high data reliability are applying RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) systems to recover from data loss and failure. In particular, RAID 5 ensures space efficiency and reliability by distributing parity across multiple storage devices. However, when storage devices have different capacities, RAID is built based on the smallest capacity storage device, resulting in wasted storage space. Therefore, research is needed to solve this resource management problem. In this paper, we propose a method for RAID grouping of each independent NAND flash memory block in a RAID consisting of SSD (Solid State Disk) with external SSDs as well as internal SSDs. This method is divided into a policy for delivering block information inside SSDs to the RAID system and a policy for RAID grouping of physical addresses delivered from the RAID system. This method allows us to maintain a RAID that does not waste resources when SSDs of different capacities are grouped into RAID5. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method through experiments.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.5
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• pp.293-310
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• 2003

This study starts with a remark on the frequent usage of the term 'generation culture' in the explanations of cultural change. The term 'generation culture' itself does have neither a clear meaning nor any academic consensus for its operational definition yet. Depending on intuitions or common senses, in most cases, of everyday lift experience, the tends to designate the co-existence of different cultural layers as composing subsystems of a little broader Korean cultural trend. I tried here to analyze different positions and perspectives in the employment of this term, sometimes with strategic intentions of each social groups. Economic or political positions, for example, are intertwined with the quest of identification concerning 'we' and 'other' grouping dynamics in the Age of Globalization, which accelerates the speed of cultural re-territorialization. And the role of consumption activity as a kind of cultural indication has gained more weight in that process. This analysis will remind us, also, of the post-modem society's assumption about the space-and-time in transition, and its fluctuation.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.7 no.2 s.15
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• pp.113-126
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• 1998

This study is on the organizational principles of Chinese traditional houses. It has been assumed that a common cultural background did influence dwelling construction in most areas of China, some specific concepts are used to build a connection between the culture and architecture. There are four aspects of cultural influence being explored: traditional concept of space by the philosophical influence, religious influence, the Feng Shut method, and traditional system of family organization. The influence of the Chinese culture on dwelling architecture is predominant. Housing types from different areas of China, despite their different physical appearance, have similar spatial concepts. This cultural influence was due to the historic development of the Chinese empire. The organizational principles of Chinese dwelling architecture determined by its own cultural background have five major invariable norms. They are as follows: 1. Internal and enclosed spatial organization. 2. Grouping of buildings around axes. 3. Spatial organization and extension by courtyard. 4. Spatial expansion by adding units. 5. Hierarchical organization of space.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2011

As a result of comparison analysis on body types of Korean women in their twenties and Korean women residing in Japan, the following results had been found. 1. The comparison of 49 items in physical measurements between the Korean women in their 20's and Korean women residing in Japan resulted in the differences in 33 items. 2. The comparison of the factor analysis results for physical measurements did not reveal big differences. 3. The comparison of the physical shapes according to the grouping resulted in three types each for both groups, with different features for individual types. Women residing in Korea were classified into tall and normal body, normal height with obese body, and short and thin body. Women residing in Japan showed different characteristics with tall and obese body, short and thin body and normal height with obese body. As a result of this study, identical ethnic group was found to take on different body types resulting from sociocultural differences and difference in eating habits if their place of residence differs for a long time.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.172-178
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• 2011

Three different finger-jointed lumbers which have different geometric features and adhesives were manufactured and studied in this study. Larch and pitch pine lumbers with and without preservative treatment were used. Bending MOE was measured as the preliminary investigation for grouping the specimen. After the finger, bending MOE of two wood species without preservative treatment shows over 97% property of the control group. The tensile modulus also shows almost same property after the finger joint. And it is found out that the preservative treatment induce little effect on bending and tensile MOE. Based on this result, high performance of examined finger-jointed lumber can be found out. However, tensile strength decreased around 20% which would be induced by the crack along the root of the finger which is formed near the edge during manufacturing stage. And finger-jointed lumber with preservative treatment even shows higher decrement of the tensile strength with higher wooden part failure mode.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.52-60
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate if the answers of questionnaires correlate with real body shapes and to evaluate if there are any differences between different types of questionnaires. Methods : We hand-measured body circumferences and body widths to analyze statistically answers of 9 questions from 2 different questionnaires. Also we compared two different types of questionnaires with Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and two way ANOVA test. Results : There are significant correlations between answers of questions and all measured body circumferences and most body circumferences except for iliac width. Also answers of questionnaires even about the same chest part are not quite the same according to the opposite type of questionnaire after we compared grouping two of eight questions. Patients seem to have difficulty to recognizing if their necks are well-developed or not especially when the question asks about body shape when comparing two parts such as neck vs waist or chest vs buttock. Conclusions : There is general tendency of recognizing one's body shape properly. But also there are differences of recognition according to the type of questionnaire about the same body. So it is recommended to study more about the questionnaires.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.111-128
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• 2005

This paper examines the validity of the newly developed IT consulting SERVQUAL measurement tool. In an attempt to measure Ire IS customers' expectations and perceived quality of the services they received, the researchers developed a diagnostic tool of SERVQUAL based on the solid theoretical background, which can specifically be applied to the IT consulting service sector. This on-going research so far, has been applied to six (6) different organizations that have received IT consulting services over the past years. From the preliminary data collected, the correlation and the factor analyses were conducted to understand the underlying concept and refinement of the measurement tool. Although the correlation analysis showed a little tendency of collinearity among some of the variables, all showed sound relationship of the proposed hypotheses. The exploratory factor analytic approach was chosen because it does not set any priori constraints on the estimation of components or the number of components to be extracted. The number of different factor solutions was extracted and tested to see which solution represents better grouping of the variables. The Crombach's Alpha was computed on different combinations of the factor solutions to ensure validity. The results show 8-dimensional IT consulting SERVQUAL measures which they are, assurance, knowledge & skill, customer relationship, support, empathy, process management, expertise, and education, seem more appropriate than the originally proposed 6 dimensions. The study approach was non-experimental cross-sectional research design. The longitudinal design of follow-up studies to periodically revise and refine current measure is strongly recommended for fine tuning of the tool.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.112-120
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• 2006

Multicarrier code division multiple access(MC-CDMA) system that combines multicarrier modulation with CDMA offers robustness to frequency selective fading and can support higher rate data transmission with higher spectral efficiency. A new asynchronous MC-CDMA system to implement multiple data rate communications is proposed in this paper. In a W-CDMA downlink the orthogonal variable spreading factor(OVSF) code is used for variable spreading factor for various multimedia traffic. Proposed system utilizes the OVSF code that generated by generation property for spreading. The proposed MC-CDMA system use different lengths of OVSF code as a spreading code according to their data rate. The groupwise processing is accomplished by code grouping in OVSF code generation tree. For the analysis of average BER performance, numerical method and computer simulation were used. We also compare the system performance with that of a single rate MC-CDMA system used orthogonal code as a spreading code.