• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.25-32
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was aimed to identify the factors that related the dietary behavior in coronary artery disease patients and to made the data for nursing which is thought to improve the dietary behavior. Method: The study population was the coronary artery disease patients who were treated at outpatient base. The study method was the dietary behavior, diet self-efficacy, perceived-healthy behavior, social support measurement & characteristics. All of the above tool was validated for its composition propriety and confidence. The statistical analysis was done by SPSS PC 11.0 program. and frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson's correlation was used for analysis. Results: The score of dietary behavior in the coronary artery disease patients was 4.57 point. The score of perceived-benefits was the highest among the association factor(point) and the score of perceived-barriers(m=2.78), diet self-efficacy(m=5.12), social support(m=4.86 point), exercise and chest pain. Conclusion: The development of the program for the efficient dietary education that prevents the progression of the coronary artery disease is needed.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.330-339
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was done to identify menstrual discomfort and dietary habits, and factors related to the menstrual discomforts. Method: Participants were 320 female middle school students in G city. The Menstrual Discomfort Questionaire(MDQ) and dietary habit lists were used as tools. Results: Factors related to MDQ were found to be the VAS scores (r=.361, p=.002), a mount of menstrual bleeding (r=.131, p=.019), height (r=.134, p=.016), adequacy of meal time (t=7.19, p=.008), consumption of milk & milk products (F=3.20, p=.042) and, hot, salty & irritant foods (f=8.01, p=.000), eating more than 3 kinds of side-dishes with each meal (F=8.32, p=.000), and various protein foods (F=5.15, p=.006). In stepwise regression, 4 variables (VAS scores, height, hot, salty & irritant foods, more than 3 kinds of side-dishes with each meal) explained $20.3\%$ of the variance in the total MDQ scores. Conclusion: Reduction of hot, salty & irritant foods and having more than 3 side-dishes with each meal would be effective in menstrual discomfort management. As well, good and, balanced dietary habits should be encouraged for early adolescent girls. To keep up with the ideal dietary habits, nutritional education & counseling should be continued. In a further study, a replication study with larger samples and more specified nutritional assessment are recommended.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.416-425
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress, dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and health-related behavior of nurses. Method: The subjects of this study were 161 nurses studying at a cyber university. The general characteristics, stress, dietary habits, dietary behaviors, and health-related behavior of the subjects were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire in October, 2010. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the working pattern: shift workers (n = 110) and non-shift workers (n = 51). Results: In the general characteristics, there were significant differences in marriage, monthly income, employment type, and job satisfaction between the two groups. Total stress score did not differ significantly between the two groups. In dietary habits, significant differences in meal regularity, skipping meals, skipping reasons, having regular mealtimes, frequency of snack and the snack time between shift workers and non-shift workers (p<0.05). Total score of dietary behaviors in shift workers was significantly lower than that in non-shift workers (p<0.05). Score of shift workers in taking three meals per day regularly was significantly lower than that of non-shift workers. In health-related behavior, a significant difference in sleeping time was observed between shift workers and non-shift workers. Dietary behavior showed negative correlation with shift work (r = 0.176) and positive correlation with health consciousness (r = 0.210) and perceived health status (r = 0.198) in subjects after adjustment for age, marriage, monthly income, and employment type (p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed that shift work, health consciousness, and perceived health status affected dietary behavior in subjects. Conclusion: These results indicate that shift working nurses had poor dietary habits and dietary behaviors, and these dietary behaviors are affected by their shift work, health consciousness, and perceive health status.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.608-617
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• 2008

This study examined the level of reaction towards damage related to health foods and the factors affecting this reaction among the elderly. Data were collected from 269 elderly individuals living in Seoul, Daejeon, Daegu, Gwangju and Busan. Frequencies, chi-square tests, and a multinomial logistic regression analysis were performed using the SPSS v. 14.0 program. When asked about their reaction towards damage related to health foods, approximately 48% of the respondents answered 'no response', 34% answered 'private response', and 18% answered 'public response'. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that education level and awareness of health food price were significant factors influencing 'private response', and concerns about health foods and awareness of damage redemption were significant factors for 'public response'. These results imply that consumer education for elderly to prevent damage derived from the purchase and consumption of health foods is required.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.162-170
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to differentiate between women with three perimenstrual symptom severity patterns : premenstrual syndrome(PMS), premenstrual magnification(PMM), and low symptom(LS), and to explore the related dietary factors to premenstrual symptoms. Method: Women were asked to keep a diary record of perimenstrual symptoms and food intake for 50 days. Result: Symptom patterns were defined for 26 among 38 women ; Eight(21.1%) demonstrated a PMS pattern, three(7.9%) demonstrated a PMM pattern, and fifteen(39.5%) exhibited a LS pattern. There were significant differences in symptom scores during the premenstrual phase($x^2=19.30$, p=.000), menstrual phase($x^2=13.32$, p=.001), and post menstrual phase($x^2=9.93$, p=.007) for three groups. Protein, vit E, vit C, niacin, folic acid, and phosphorus in the premenstrual phase, and energy, and vit B6 in the menstrual period were significantly different between the three groups. Among dietary compositions, amino acids, lipids, fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, natrium, vit B6, niacin, and vit E were negatively related to PMS symptoms. Conclusion: Pattern of perimenstrual symptoms should be differentiated for individualized PMS management. As a more efficient diet assessment for PMS women, randomized nutritional analysis during the 3 phases of the menstrual cycle should be done and a replication study is necessary with a larger sample.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.519-531
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Regional disparities in dietary factors might be related to regional disparities in cardiometabolic health. Therefore, this study investigated the associations of cardiometabolic risk factors and dietary factors with regional types in Korean adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Based on data from the 2007-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the study included 39,781 adults aged ≥ 19 years who completed the dietary survey and a health examination. Healthy and unhealthy dietary factors (fat, sodium, fruit, and vegetable intakes) were evaluated using 1-day 24-h dietary recall method, as well as the use of nutrition labels with a questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the participants, 48.7%, 36.0%, and 15.2% lived in metropolitan, urban, and rural areas, respectively. Adults living in urban and rural had higher odds ratios (ORs) for obesity (OR for urban, 1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-1.14; OR for rural, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05-1.24) than adults living in metropolitan areas; these associations were significantly observed in middle-aged adults. Compared to metropolitan residents, rural residents had lower ORs for hypertension in middle-aged (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76-0.96) and metabolic syndrome in older adults (OR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.91). Regarding urban residents, a lower OR for diabetes in middle-aged adults (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.74-0.97) and a higher OR for hypertension in older adults (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.02-1.39) were observed. Overall rural residents had higher ORs of excessive carbohydrate, low fruit, and high salted-vegetable intakes than metropolitan residents. Low fruit intake was positively associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and hypertension, after adjustment for regional type and other confounders in total participants. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that cardiometabolic risk and unhealthy dietary factors differ among regional types and age groups within Korea. Nutritional policy and interventions should consider regional types for prevention and management of cardiometabolic risk factors.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.693-705
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• 2013

This study was conducted to identify adults' knowledge, dietary behavior related to sodium, the attitude towards a low-salt diet, and to examine the relation between these variables. The participants were 366 adults in Jeonbuk area. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficients, ANOVA and Duncan test with SPSS v. 12.0. The score for participants' knowledge about sodium was 12.32 points of a possible 16, the score for dietary behavior related to sodium was 45.74 points of a possible 70, and their score for attitude towards a low-salt diet was 30.35 points of a possible 50. The knowledge showed significant differences by gender (p<.05), and concern about health (p<.05). The dietary behavior of sodium use showed significant differences by gender (p<.001), age (p<.001), educational level (p<.05), job (p<.001), income (p<.05), BMI (p<.05), smoking (p<.01), drinking (p<.01), exercise (p<.05), regularity of health checkup (p<.001), and concern about health (p<.01). The attitude towards a low-salt diet showed significant differences by gender (p<.001), age (p<.001), job (p<.001), income (p<.001), smoking (p<.05), regularity of health checkup (p<.001), and concern about health (p<.001). There was a significant positive correlation between knowledge about sodium, dietary behavior related to sodium, attitude towards a low-salt diet. Dietary behavior related to sodium showed a positive correlation with attitudes towards a low-salt diet. In conclusion, it is necessary to consider the related factors for the development and implementation of systematic education programs that can encourage and promote preventive dietary behavior for disease, e.g. stomach cancer, and hypertension among adults.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.101-111
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• 2013

Type 1 diabetes is on the rise worldwide. Although nutrition education for patients with diabetes has become a routine practice, specifics and impacts of such educations need to be more researched. This study examined the status of nutrition knowledge, dietary attitude, and dietary behavior among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (9-19 year-old) and explored factors influencing dietary behaviors related to diabetes by applying the Theory of Planned Behavior. Face-to-face interviews, using a pre-tested structured questionnaire, were conducted with 32 participants (11 boys and 21 girls) with type 1 diabetes followed by a diabetes clinic in a university hospital. This study found that the level of nutrition knowledge related to diabetes was generally low at 4 points out of a possible 10, however, the dietary attitude related to diabetes was found to be generally good at 26 points out of a possible 30. Participants were motivated to follow medical staff recommendations the most; however, their family was also important. Perceived behavioral control was low especially for eating-out and portion control. The dietary behavior related to blood glucose control showed low at 13 points out of a possible 20. Regression analysis showed that perceived behavioral control (p < 0.001) was significantly related to the dietary behavior related to blood glucose control. This rare study with children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes showed that nutrition education should include a component to improve perceived behavioral control through high-risk situation management.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.24-30
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• 2006

Disparities in health and disease between various population subgroups, such as racial and ethnic groups, are a major focus of public health research but also pose considerable challenges. Diet is a key contributor to disparities in many chronic diseases and conditions. Therefore, in order to understand and address racial and ethnic health disparities, it is important to characterize the dietary patterns of the populations of interest. African Americans are at higher risk for many diet-related chronic disease conditions, such as obesity, type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and many cancers relative to other racial/ethnic groups in the United States. In this report, I describe the diet-related chronic disease profiles of African Americans, characterize their dietary patterns and food preferences, identify demographic, psychosocial, environmental, and cultural factors that may affect their dietary choices, and propose strategies for improving the dietary and health profiles of African Americans.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.341-350
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• 2003

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify dietary factors related to infertility in Korean women through a case-control study. Methods: The case group was composed of 236 women who had been diagnosed as infertility in hospital. The control group of 181 healthy women with children were recruited from local immunization centers. Socio-economic status, medical history, dietary intakes using food frequency questionnaire and stress were surveyed by interview. Anthropometric measurements were made and the causes of infertility were identified through medical records. Fasting blood samples were taken from subgroup of the subjects. Results: The mean age of infertile and control groups was 31.1 and 32.4 years, respectively and the difference was statistically significant. The mean Body Mass Index of infertile women was not significantly different from control women, however, Waist/ Hip Ratio and Triceps Skinfolds Thickness were significantly lower in infertile women than in control women. The dietary intake status was generally satisfactory in both groups. The intakes of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, retinol, vitamin B2 and niacin were lower in infertile women than in control women. The infertile women also showed lower intakes of animal foods. No differences were found between two groups in serum concentrations of albumin, hemoglobin, Fe, TIBC, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, C3, IgA, IL-2, however, infertile women showed higher levels of Zn and IgG. The stress score was higher in infertile women. Conclusions: From the results of this study, dietary factors and nutritional status do not seem to be directly related to infertility. However, the intertile women have lower nutrient intake and lower body fat content than control women. Further researches are needed according to the causes of infertility for long term to establish the relationship between dietary factors and infertility.