• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.558-565
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• 1993

This study was carried out to observe the effects of dietary n-6, n-3 fatty acids and vitamin A levels on serum lipid contents and hepatic tissues in rats. Sixty eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed 6 different experimental diets for 6 weeks. The diets were composed of 10% of either corn oil or fish oil with three levels of vitamin A ; defient (1240IU/kg diet), adequate (4000IU/kg diet), excess(400,000IU/kg diet). It was observed that triglyceride content and lipoprotein ratio in serum were not affected by dietary fat types and vitamin A levels. However, total serum cholesterol contents were significantly lower in fish oil groups than in corn oil groups, which were not affected by vitamin A levels. Under light microscope, vitamin A excess groups showed pathological abnormalites, such as fatty change and inflammation of the hepatic tissues. There abnormalities were less severe in fish oil groups. These results suggested that fish oil could be a dietary factor lowering the serum lipid contents, and it seems to relieve the abnormal changes in liver induced by excess vitamin A.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.140-144
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• 2017

고도비만 여성환자 1명을 대상으로 감로수 절식요법과 더불어 절식기 동안 수용성 식이섬유를 함께 공급한 결과 절식 전보다 혈중 T-cholesterol -37.4%, LDL-C -39.7%, triglyceride -39.0%, HDL-C가 -27.0% 감소하였다. 향후 감로수 절식요법을 심혈관계 질환의 예방과 치료를 위한 방법으로 사용하기 위해서는 HDL-C 감소를 보완할 수 있는 추가 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1562-1569
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• 2004

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs)-enriched diet supplemented with different levels of $\alpha$-tocopherol on the activities of hepatic lipogenic-related enzymes and the contents of liver and plasma lipid fractions in laying Tsaiya ducks. A total of 180 30-wk-old laying Tsaiya ducks, at the beginning of peak production, were allotted into 6 treatments with 3 replicates each. Ducks were fed one of the 6 experimental diets, containing 4% tallow (control), and 4% fish oil supplemented with graded levels of $\alpha$-tocopheryl acetate ($\alpha$-tocopherol) at 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg, respectively, for 6 wks. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum throughout the experimental period. The results indicated that the n-3 PUFAsenriched diet supplemented with different levels of $\alpha$-tocopherol did not affect (p>0.05) egg weight, feed intake, body weight change or liver and abdominal fat weights. Egg production, egg mass and feed efficiency significantly (p<0.05) improved as dietary $\alpha$-tocopherol levels increased. The activities of hepatic lipogenic-related enzymes including acetyl-CoA carboxylase (EC 6. 2. 1. 3; ACC), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 1. 1. 1. 49; G-6-PDH), ATP-citrate cleavage enzyme (EC 4. 1. 3. 8; CCE), NADP-malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.40; NADP-MDH) and fatty acid synthetase (FAS) were higher (p<0.05) in birds fed with the tallow diet than in those fed with fish oil diets and increased with increasing dietary $\alpha$-tocopherol levels. None of the dietary treatments significantly affected the contents of triglyceride and total cholesterol in the liver, or total cholesterol, phospholipid and total lipid in the plasma. However, the contents of phospholipid and total lipid in the liver, and triglyceride in the plasma increased as dietary $\alpha$-tocopherol levels increased. Increasing dietary $\alpha$-tocopherol levels decreased the non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) content in the plasma and trended to decrease the cholesterol contents in the egg yolk. The lipid metabolism of laying Tsaiya ducks was influenced not only by the dietary fat but also by the supplementation levels of $\alpha$-tocopherol.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 1995

These works were designed to examine the effects of dietary fiber sources and levels on lipid metabolism in rats fed high lard diet. Rats were divided into three($\alpha$-cellulose, polydextrose, carrageenan) groups and were fed with containing 6% fiber diet. Serum, liver and fecal lipid contents were examined after four weeks of dieting. Also, in order to investigate whether hypocholesterolemic effect of dietary fiber at 4 weeks is continued at 8 weeks, rats were fed with diets containing same sources with different levels of each dietary fiber and were sacrificed after eight weeks of dieting. Serum cholesterol in rats fed carrageenan diet and polydextrose diet were reduced compared with $\alpha$-cellulose-fed group at both four and eight weeks dieting. Liver cholesterol in both polydextrose-fed and carrageenan-fed group were lower than $\alpha$-cellulose-fed group. Fecal total group were increased compared with $\alpha$-cellulose-fed group. On the other hand, there was no significant difference between polydextrose-fed and carrageenan-fed group. On the basis of the results, it was suggested that the hypocholesterolemic effect of soluble fiber used in this study (polydextrose, carageenan) on rats was due to the inhibition of cholesterol absorption on the intestinal lumen and acceleration of cholesterol catabolism in the liver and enhancement of bile acids excretion. On the other hand, insoluble fiber($\alpha$-cellulose) showed no hypo-cholesterolemic effect.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.304-314
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• 1986

To observe the effect of the different level of PUFA and marginal tocopherol supplement on HDL-chol, tissue tocopherol content and fatty acid composition, the rats were supplied either safflower oil or conconut oil with or without tocopherol supplement to the experimental diet. Plasma tocopherol level was not greatly influenced by the different dietary fat and similar effect was observed in the liver but not in the adipose tissue. HDL-chol level was reduced in the high PUFA diet regardless of tocopherol content. No effect by tocopherol supplement was observed in the fatty acid composition of liver and adipose tissue lipid in both dietary PUFA levels . There was also no increase in the content of tissue polyenoid acid by tocopherol in the high PUFA diet . Fatty acid composition of tissue lipid was rather more influenced by dietary fat. Lauric and myristic acid contents were higher in the low PUFA diet and linoleic acd and total polynoic acid content were higher in the high PUFA diet. With tocopherol supplement tocopherol /PUFA ratio of tissue was increased but the ratio of high PUFA diet was significantly lower than that of low PUFA diet. Marginal tocopherol supplement could not reduce the peroxidizability index of high PUFA diet.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.329-336
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• 2011

Obesity contributes to an increased risk for chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain types of cancer. The prevalence of obesity has increased in Korea. We compared the clinical and dietary characteristics of obese adults (n = 30, 17 men and 13 women, mean age 29.9) to those with a normal weight (n = 15, 8 men and 7 women, mean age 26.5). We determined lipid profiles, fasting blood sugar (FBS), blood pressure, and serum free fatty acid (FFA). Dietary intake was estimated using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a 3-day dietary record. Exercise patterns and average alcohol intake were determined. The average body mass index was 28.3 kg/$m^2$ in the obese and 21.2 kg/$m^2$ in the normal weight groups. The obese group had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, lower levels of HDL cholesterol, and higher blood pressures compared to the normal weight group. FBS was not significantly different between the two groups. The obese group had significantly more subjects with metabolic syndrome (26.7%) compared to the normal weight group (0%). Serum FFA levels tended to be higher in the obese (P = 0.087). No significant difference in caloric intake was observed between the two groups. No differences in carbohydrate, protein, or fat intake between two groups were observed from the FFQ. However, results from the 3-day dietary record showed that the percentage of energy from fat was significantly higher in the obese group. The frequency and amount of exercise did not differ between the two groups. Alcohol consumed per drinking episode was significantly higher in the obese group. These results confirm that excessive weight is associated with disturbances in lipid metabolism in these fairly young and otherwise healthy adults. Dietary factors, including higher fat intake and alcohol consumption, seem to be contributing to the obesity of these subjects.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1639-1644
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• 2010

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, meat quality and lipid metabolism in broilers. A total of 240 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments (0, 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg dietary ALC supplementation, respectively). Compared with the control treatment, addition of ALC resulted in lower (linear effect, p<0.05) ADG and AFI. Abdominal fat percentage decreased (linear effect, p<0.05) as dietary ALC was increased, but there was no effect on dressing percentage, breast muscle percentage or thigh muscle percentage. Breast muscle pH value 24 h post-mortem increased (linear effect, p<0.05), but there were no significant differences among treatments. However, thigh muscle pH value increased (linear effect, p<0.05) as dietary ALC was increased. Breast and thigh muscle $a^*$ values increased (linear effect, p<0.05), and breast and thigh muscle $b^*$ values decreased (linear effect, p<0.05) with increased ALC in the diet. In addition, breast and thigh muscle shear force value decreased (linear effect, p<0.05) as dietary ALC was increased. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lipoprotein lipase decreased (linear effect, p<0.05) and free fatty acid and lipase in serum increased (linear effect, p<0.05) with increased ALC in diets.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.422-431
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• 1987

Dietary habits and serum lipid composition of 80 hospitalized patients with cerebrovascular disease (CVD) were compared to those of normal subjects. CVD patients were significantly higher in BP, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels and low4r in HDL-choelsterol which resulted in the higher ratio of serum chol/HDL-chol than normal. Patients were also lower in the relative amount of HDL fraction by electrophoresis but were higher in LDL fraction and the ratio of LDL/HDL . In Korean, the high levels of serum chol, TG and LDL with low level of HDL as well as high BP could be one of the important causing factors of CVD. However, dietary habits of patients were not significantly different from those of normal . There is a possibility that patients might have controlled their dietary habits after they realized the severeness of disease.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.865.2-865.2
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• 1999

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 1990

This paper was performed to investigate the effect of dietary fiber and Chlorella added diets on serum composition of blood and histopathological change of liver and kidney in male rats. As the result, pectin added diets have an effect of decrease a serum, cholesterol and lipid of the tissue.