• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제20권11호
• /
• pp.1713-1720
• /
• 2007

Influence of -110, +110, +220 and +330 mEq/kg of dry matter (DM) dietary cation-anion difference (DCAD) on growth performance of Thalli lambs were examined in a randomized complete block design. Four DCAD diets were randomly allotted to four groups, with ten lambs in each group. A linear increase in nutrient intake was recorded with increasing DCAD level. The digestibilities of nutrients were higher in lambs fed -110 DCAD diet than those fed +110, +220 and +330 DCAD diets. Lambs fed +330 DCAD diet had higher nitrogen balance than those fed -110 and +110 DCAD diets. Blood pH and serum $HCO_3$ increased with increasing DCAD level. Serum chloride was higher in lambs fed -110 DCAD diet, while serum (Na+K)-(Cl+S) increased linearly with increasing DCAD level. Serum calcium increased with decreasing DCAD level while serum magnesium and phosphorus remained unaffected. Lambs fed -110 DCAD diet had higher Ca balance than those fed +110, +220 and +330 DCAD diets. Urine pH increased with increasing DCAD level. Lambs fed +220 and +330 DCAD diets gained more weight than those fed -110 and +110 DCAD diets. In conclusion, increased DCAD level not only increased the dry matter intake but also improved the weight gain of growing Thalli lambs.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제41권8호
• /
• pp.887-899
• /
• 2008

Recently the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea, announced the “Dietary Guidelines for Korean Adults (DGKA)”, which includes ten Dietary Goals, six Dietary Guidelines, and twenty-three Action Guidelines. DGKA are developed as the revision of the 2003 Dietary Guidelines for Koreans, targeting adult population. Dietary Guidelines are developed for general purpose as well as for different age groups. They are revised periodically to accommodate changes in diet and health problems of the population. The process of developing new DGKA can be summarized as 1) selection of focus areas, 2) analysis and review of available data for each area selected, and 3) derivation of guidelines based on the analyzed data, and 4) finalizing the guidelines after open discussions among the experts and general public. Five focus areas were selected by examining the Nutrition Goals of the Health Plan 2010 of Korea, soliciting proposals from the experts in the related fields, and reviewing existing and international guidelines. Five areas selected were 1) adequate intake of nutrients and foods, 2) balance of energy intake and physical activities, 3) alcohol intake, 4) food security and nutrition service, and 5) food safety. Adequacy of nutrient and food intakes of the Korean adult population was assessed using 2005 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data. Newly developed Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans were used as reference values to assess the prevalence of inadequacies and excesses in nutrient intakes. Energy balance was examined with energy intake of 2005 KNHANES survey and results of physical activity questionnaire in the survey. Alcohol intake was also examined using 2005 KNHANES results of dietary intakes as well as the results of questionnaire survey on alcohol intakes. Food security, nutrition services, and food safety were analyzed using various government data and published results on the issues. Ten Dietary Goals and six Dietary Guidelines were developed after data analysis and were subjected to reviews of experts and general public. The final DGKA are: 1) Eat a variety of foods from each food group, 2) Increase physical activity and maintain healthy weight, 3) Eat proper amount of clean foods, 4) Avoid salty foods and try to eat foods with bland taste, 5) Avoid foods with high fat contents and deep-fried foods, and 6) When you drink alcohol, limit the amount. Twenty-three action guidelines are developed in order to achieve these guidelines in actual diet and life among the population. The government is disseminating the guidelines with “337” slogan and emblem. “337” indicates everyone should practice “3” guidelines of promoting good eating practice, “3” guidelines to limit or decrease in your diet, and you should practice them for “7” days a week. The guidelines will be useful in promoting healthy food habits and good nutritional status which will result in decrease nutrition related health problems in Korea.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.71-79
• /
• 2008

Objectives : The relativity of food allergy to infant atopic dermatitis and the effect of dietary treatment were studied. Methods : Many kinds of medical thesis and books about food allergy and infant atopic dermatitis were surveyed. Results and Conclusion : In this study, we found that food allergen is concerned in infant atopic dermatitis. So the proper dietary treatment can not only improve the symptoms of atopic dermatitis but also prevent atopic dermatitis itself, especially to infants, But before taking dietary treatment, patients' balance of growth and development should be considered, Because they are in the growth period.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제12권5호
• /
• pp.462-469
• /
• 1999

The study purpose was to investigate pattern of dining-out and effects of obesity on the dietary attitude of the 213 male employees with high educational background. The results are as follows : Subjects were 20's bachelor and unmarried mostly. Mean height weight BMI and fat(%) were 172.1cm 70.5kg 23.8 and 21.3% respectively. The most frequency for dining-out was 3∼4 times/week Younger unmarried subjects had more dining-out. The most common meal for dining-out was dinner there being no connection with age, education level marrige and income. The most favorite food style among the subjects was Korean-style. Obese subjects answered that the took more consideration into nutritional balance regularity and proper amount of diet. Also they showed more food-intake especially animal protein and fats. all subjects had scores in dietary attitude there being no connection with obesity. Despite of high education they showed poor dietary attitude. Thus it is necessary to develop the nutritional education program for proper nutritional status of employees.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제18권8호
• /
• pp.1105-1109
• /
• 2005

The effect of dietary fatty acid supplementation on milk production, milk composition and plasma constituents in dairy cows was examined. Dietary fatty acids including mainly palmitic acid and stearic acid were given to cows from 2 weeks before and 8 weeks after parturition. Weekly gain of daily milk production was increased gradually during early lactation period and reached a plateau at 4 weeks after parturition. Weekly gain of daily milk production in lactating cows received dietary fatty acids was significantly higher than that of cows given a control diet alone. Although milk lactose concentration was slightly decreased by dietary fatty acid supplementation, milk fat and protein were not significantly influenced by dietary fatty acid supplementation. Dietary fatty acids did not affect plasma concentrations of triglyceride, non-esterified fatty acids, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and glucose during postpartum. It is suggested that dietary fatty acid supplementation has the potency to enhance energy balance and improve milk yield without any adverse effects on milk composition.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.52-61
• /
• 2000

Dietary guidelines are a distillation of dietary advice from health professionals to the general public. They are based upon current scientific knowledge about the relationships between diet and disease, nutrients available in the food supply of a country, and the profile of morbidity and mortality in that country. With two different sets of dietary guidelines used for more than an decade in Korea. the necessity of revising dietary guidelines has been raised continuously from academia and research. Funded by a grant from the Health Technology Planing and Evaluation Board. Dietary guidelines for each age group were drafted as a research project and the one for the Korean elderly is as follows: Dietary Guidelines for the korean elderly(draft) - Have a variety of easily digestible foods on time; at least 3 meals a day and some snakes. - Be physically active to maintain appetite and/or ideal body weight. ; maintain a balance between activity and what you eat. -Increase consumption of bean-and dairy-and dairy-products. - Consume enough amounts of fresh dark-green and yellow vegetables and fresh fruits. - Consume adequate amounts of assorted kind of animal foods including fish, meat and poultry. - If you drink alcoholic beverages, limit your intake and, drink enough water and other averages; alcohol may interact with your medication and affect your appetite. Aforementioned draft and related contents are expected to be utilized as a neat base in formulating(or revising) dietary guidelines for Korean by the Government in near future.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.165-172
• /
• 1992

Among the nutrients of biological importance, minerals are of particular interest in human nutrition because the range of adequate intake is so narrow. As the results of a series of interaction experiments between dietary fiber sources and minerals, there are many inconsistencies in the experimental data regarding the effect of dietary fibers on mineral bioavailability. the mechanism by which dietary fiber might influence mineral absorption is related to its physicochemical properties. These properties involve the ability of dietary fiber to (1) act as a weak cation exchanger, (2) decrease transit time, (3) dilute mineral concentration by increasing fecal bulk and (4) resist digestion in the large bowel. Regardless of the large number of human and animal studies available, a carful review of these publications dose not provide the answer as to whether the adverse effect of dietary fibers on mineral absorption is the fiber itself or some associated dietary factors( e.g. phytate, oxalate, ascorbate, citrate and protein, mineral-mineral interaction, etc) that are responsible for this action. As a result of the complexity of interaction that may take place between minerals. dietary fiber, and other component of food ; it becomes very difficult to blame fiber alone as a negative factor of mineral nutrition. We absolutely need more research with advanced tools rather than metabolic balance study.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.197-202
• /
• 1999

Three barrows weighing 45.0 kg, fitted with simple T-cannulas in both the duodenum and terminal ileum, were assigned to diets in a $3{\times}3$ Latin Square design experiment to determine the effect of two calcium levels (0.8% vs 0.4%) on phytase activity and nutrient balance in growing pigs. The control diet contained 0.8% calcium, with no added inorganic phosphorus (0.45% total phosphorus) and no added phytase. The two additional experimental diets contained microbial phytase (750 phytase units/kg) and supplied either 0.8% or 0.4% calcium. With added microbial phytase, ileal and total tract digestibility of rotal phosphorus were improved by 20.9 and 13.8 percentage units, respectively (p=0.01). The apparent duodenal and ileal digestibility of phytate phosphorus were increased by 51.8 and 49.7 percentage units (p=0.01). Lowering dietary calcium in the presence of microbial phytase increased the digestibility of phytate phosphorus by an additional 10.9 (p=0.001) and 5.7 percentage units for duodenal and ileal digestibility, respectively. Supplementation with microbial phytase significantly reduced fecal excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus and increased the percentage of these nutrients retained by the pig. Lowering dietary calcium further increased the percentage of dietary phosphorus retained. Overall, reducing dietary calcium appeared to increase the effectiveness of added microbial phytase in degrading phytate phosphorus. As a result, care should be taken to avoid high levels of dietary calcium when supplementing swine diets with microbial phytase.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2021

Objectives: This study was conducted to assess the eating behavior, growth, and dietary practices of children aged 3~5 years living in the Seoul and Gyeonggi Provinces. Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were completed by 237 mothers of preschool children between April and June 2018. Z-scores for weight-for-age, height-for-age, and BMI-for-age were calculated to determine the children's growth status. Dietary practices were evaluated using the nutrition quotient for Korean preschoolers (NQ-P). Results: In our study, 29.5% of children were in the eating-small-amounts group, 46.8% of children were in the neophobic behavior group, and 61.2% of children were in the refusal-of-specific food group. Specific foods found to have a high frequency of rejection are listed in descending order as follows: shellfish, soy, mushroom, shrimp, vegetables, milk, eggs, yogurt, seaweed, meat, fruits, and fish. The eating-small-amounts group had lower Z-scores for weight-for-age, height-for-age, and BMI-for-age than the non-picky eaters' group. Compared to the non-picky eaters' group, the eating-small-amounts group of picky eaters had lower scores on the moderation and environment items of the NQ-P, the neophobic behavior group had lower scores on the balance and environment items of the NQ-P, and the refusal-of-specific food group had lower scores on the balance, moderation, and environment items of the NQ-P. Conclusions: Children classified with picky eating behavior had lower growth and development, lower diet diversity, less balanced food intake, and had greater difficulty in abstaining from eating unhealthy foods than non-picky eaters. Therefore, a lot of patience and intensive efforts are needed to encourage children to encounter, experience, and accept unfamiliar food. It is more effective to provide eating behavior guidance by gently encouraging children, than by being strict and forceful. Besides, since the eating behavior of children is influenced maximally by the dietary lifestyle at their homes, it is important to ensure that a healthy dietary lifestyle is maintained at home.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.233-247
• /
• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to describe the development process of the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). SUBJECTS/METHODS: The components of KHEI were selected based on Dietary Guidelines for Koreans, domestic and overseas dietary quality indices, and results of the analysis of association with chronic diseases. The standards for scoring of KHEI were selected based on the 2015 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans (KDRI). The KHEI scores of Korean adults were calculated using a 1-day 24-h recall data in the 2013-2015 KNHANES. RESULTS: The KHEI included eight adequacy components evaluating the proper intake of recommended foods such as fruit, vegetable, and milk and three moderation components evaluating the consumption of food that limit intake such as sodium and saturated fatty acid. In addition, three balance components assessing the balance of energy intake were included. The KHEI score was defined to range from the minimum of 0 point to the maximum of 100 points. Among Korean adults, the total KHEI score was 63.2 out of 100. Gender and age differences were found in the average of total KHEI scores. Women showed higher score than men (61.7 in men and 64.7 in women, respectively). By age group, 20s and 30s showed the lowest scores with 57.4 and 61.1 respectively, and the scores increased with age by peaking at 67.8 in ages 60-69 and slowed down again in ages 70 or over. CONCLUSIONS: The KHEI can be useful for establishing and assessing national nutritional policies and in epidemiological studies to assess the relationship between overall dietary quality and chronic diseases. KHEI will need to be continuously updated to reflect changes in dietary guidelines and the KDRI.