• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.691-696
• /
• 2010

In this study, we investigated the antioxidative effects of So-Dang-Tang (SDT) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (45 mg/kg body weight) into Sprague-Dawley rats. The SDT (200 mg/kg) and the reference drug, glibenclimide (1mg/kg), were orally administered once a day for 28 days in STZ-induced diabetic rats. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, including those of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, and the levels of glutathione (GSH) and production of malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the liver, kidney, and pancreas of diabetic rats. Treatment with SDT in STZ-induced diabetic rats significantly increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and GSH levels in the liver, kidney, and pancreas when compared to those of the STZ-control group. SDT also significantly decreased lipid peroxidation product and MDA levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats. These results indicate that SDT has an antioxidative action in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.277-281
• /
• 2001

Chromium is an essential nutrient and participates in glucose and lipid metabolism in human beings and animals. The present study was conducted to assess the effects of chromium picolinate (Cr-pic) on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in type I and ll diabetic rats. The experimental groups were type I diabetic (streptozotocin-induced: 40 mg/kg, i.p.) and type II diabetic (Goto-Kakizaki rats) models. Each group was subdivided into control. low-dose and high-dose of Cr-pic treated groups. The Cr-pic was orally administered with Cr-pic (100 mg/kg for low dose group and 200 mg/kg for high dose group) for 4 weeks. And then we performed intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and insulin sensitivity test (ITT). The glucose tolerance test was carried out by inection of glucose (2 g/kg, i.p.). The peripheral insulin sensitivity test was con- ducted by injection of insulin (5 units/kg, s.c.) and glucose. We performed determining of blood glucose concentration at 0, 10, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min using automated glucose analyzer. The plasma insulin concentration was determined by rat insulin EIA kit. Administration of Cr-pic improved weight gain in all group s with higher significant in the low-dose group. There was no significance between the control and the Cr-pic treated groups in the area under the blood glucose curve and serum insulin concentration plots of IPGTT and peripheral ITT in type I diabetic rats. But Cr-pic treated groups showed significantly lower levels of the area under the blood glucose currie during IPGTT and ITT and the high-dose group showed less effects compared with the low-dose group in the type II diabetic rats. The plasma insulin concentration of both diabetic groups was not influenced by Cr-pic supplementation. We can conclude that chromium picolinate may improve the endogenous and exogenous insulin action and peripheral insulin sensitivity in type II diabetic rats.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.187-193
• /
• 2013

The effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on diabetic renal damage was investigated using streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. The diabetic rats showed loss of body weight gain, and increases in kidney weight and urine volume, whereas the oral administration of KRG at a dose of 100 or 250 mg/kg of body weight per day for 28 d prevented these diabetes-induced physiological abnormalities. Among the kidney function parameters, elevated plasma levels of urea nitrogen and creatinine in diabetic control rats tended to be lowered in KRG-treated rats. In addition, administration of KRG at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight in the diabetic rats showed significant decreases in serum glucose and tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), implying that KRG might prevent the pathogenesis of diabetic complications caused by impaired glucose metabolism and oxidative stress. KRG also significantly reduced advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation and secretion from kidney of diabetic rats. Furthermore, KRG decreased the levels of N-(carboxymethyl) lysine and expression of AGE receptor. KRG also reduced the overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase in the kidney via deactivation of nuclear factor-kappa B. We also found that KRG prevented STZ-induced destruction of glomerular structure and significantly suppressed high glucose-induced fibronectin production. Taken together, KRG ameliorates abnormalities associated with diabetic nephropathy through suppression of inflammatory pathways activated by TNF-${\alpha}$ and AGEs. These findings indicate that KRG has a beneficial effect on pathological conditions associated with diabetic nephropathy.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.917-922
• /
• 2002

We investigated the long term effects of Sopungsungi-won (SP), a Korean traditional formula used for senile constipation and diabetes mellitus, on the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. ZDF rats were fed regular laboratory chow mixed with SP or rosiglitazone (RSG) for an 8-week period. Kidney hypertrophy was developed with increasing plasma glucose level, and glomerular hypertrophy was improved by 22% and 45% in SP- and RSG-treated rats, respectively. Urinary glucose and albumin excretions were also significantly lower in SP-treated rats than in ZDF control rats. Activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-transforming growth factor ${\beta}1$ (TGF ${\beta}1$)-fibronectin pathway in kidney, responsible for glomerular dysfunction, was markedly blunted by SP treatment in a dose dependent manner. Our findings, for the first time, provide strong evidence that long-term administration of SP formula prevents the development and progression of DN in ZDF rats. Human trials are needed to confirm these experimental results.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 1993

We attempted in this study to understand the hypoglycemic action of the fat soluble fraction of red ginseng roots in streptozotocin injected diabetic rats, through its actions on several enzymes relating to carbohydrate metabolism of the 1eve1 to compare with those of ginsenosides in streptozotocin injected diabetic rats. It was realized that the increased level of glucose, ketone bodies, lactate, nonesterified fatty acids and triacylglycerol in blood was significantly decreased and the decreased liver glycogen content of streptozotocin injected rats were appreciably moderated by intraperitoneal injection of the fat soluble fraction of red ginseng roots as shown in the saponin injected diabetic rats. The deceased activities of liver enzymes relating to carbohydrate metabolism such as phosphofructokinase, glucokinase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and acetyl CoA carboxylase of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were also sufficiently modified by the intraperitoneal injection of the above fat soluble fraction as shown in the ginsenoside injected streptozotocin induced rats.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.50-57
• /
• 2023

This study was designed to evaluate antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects of ethanol extracts of Taraxacum mongolicum(T.m.) on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to five groups: normal (NC), STZ-control (DC), and three experimental groups. Diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats with a single intravenous injection [45 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)] of STZ. An ethanol extract of T.m. was orally given to diabetic rats for 14 days. Three experimental groups were additionally treated with T.m. extract at doses of 1 g/kg b.w./day for T.m.-1, 2 g/kg b.w./day for T.m.-2, and 3 g/kg b.w./day for T.m.-3. Oral administration of T.m.-2 significantly increased their body weights. T.m.-1 and T.m.-2 significantly decreased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels than DC. T.m.-1 and T.m.-2 group significantly decreased blood glucose levels. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and free fatty acids were significantly decreased whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly increased in groups treated with T.m. extract than those in the DC group. These results support the fact that administration of T.m. extract can reduce hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia risk in diabetic rats.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.159-167
• /
• 2009

Objectives : So-Dang-Hwan (SDH) is used as a traditional treatment of diabetes in oriental clinics in Korea. This study aimed to evaluate antidiabetic effect of SDH in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods : Diabetes was induced by i.p. injection of STZ (45 mg/kg) to Sprague-Dawley rats. Experimental animals (eight per group), were treated by oral administration of SDH (60 mg/kg body weight) and glibenclimide (1 mg/kg), a known antidiabetic drug for comparison, during 5 weeks. To veridy the effect of SDH, the levels of glucose, triglyceride, insulin, BUN and creatinine were measured in sera from experimental diabetic rats, and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was also performed. Results : SDH prevented body weight loss in diabetic rats. SDH exhibited at termination, a significant reduction in blood glucose levels in STZ-induced diabetic rats. SDH significantly reduced serum creatinine levels toward the normal levels. The OGTT results showed a significant improvement in glucose tolerance in rats treated with SDH. Conclusions : These data indicate that SDH treatment may improve glocose homeostasis in STZ-induced diabetes.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.81-89
• /
• 2004

Purpose: To investigate the histopathological changes in the temporomandibular joint in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat following irradiation. Materials and Methods : Sprague-Dawley rats weighing about 250 gm were divided into three groups: control, diabetic, and diabetic-irradiated groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced in the rats by injecting streptozotocin. Rats in the control group were injected with citrate buffer only. After 5 days, the head and neck region of the rats in diabetic-irradiated group were irradiated with single absorbed dose of 10 Gy. The rats were killed at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after irradiation. The specimen including the temporomandibular joint were sectioned and observed using a histopathological method. Results : In the diabetic group, severe bone resorption in the mandibular condyle was observed throughout the period of experiment. Necrosis of bone marrow and trabeculae was observed at 28 days after diabetic state. Atrophy and fibrosis in the retrodisca] tissue was gradually progressed during the time of the experiment. In the diabetic-irradiated group, severe bone resorption in the mandibular condyle was observed during the early experimental phases, but regeneration of bone marrow was initiated at ]4 days after diabetic state and irradiation. A]so, calcification of abnormal trabeculae was observed at 28 days after diabetic state and irradiation. The retrodisca] tissue was degenerated in the early experimental phases, but it had been gradually regenerated during the experimental time. Conclusion: This experiment suggests that bone resorption and degeneration in the mandibular condyle are caused by the induction of diabetes, and abnormal bone formation is induced after irradiation in diabetic state.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 2019

Objectives: Oxidative stress plays a central role in diabetes-induced complications. In the present study, the protevtive effect of Artemisia turanica (A. turanica) was evaluated against diabetes-induced liver oxidative stress and dysfunction. Methods: Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, diabetic, diabetic + metformin, diabetic + A. turanica extract, and diabetic + A. turanica extract + metformin. Experimental diabetes was induced by a single-dose (55 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (ip)) injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Metformin (300 mg/kg) and A. turanica extract (70 mg/kg) were orally administrated three days after STZ injection for four weeks. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total thiol content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities were measured in the liver tissue. Serum glucose concentration, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were also determined. Results: In the diabetic group, serum glucose concentration, serum AST and ALT activities and liver MDA level were significantly higher while tissue total thiol content as well as catalase and SOD activities were lower, compared to the control group. Serum glucose in diabetic rats treated with metformin + A. turanica extract showed a significant decrease compared with the diabetic group. In all the A. turanica extract and metformin treated groups, serum ALT, tissue MDA level, total thiol content and SOD activity significantly improved compared with the diabetic rats. However, treatment of the diabetic rats only with metformin could not significantly change the activities of catalase and AST compared with the diabetic group. Conclusion: These findings suggested that A. turanica extract had a therapeutic effect on liver dysfuncyion and oxidative stress induced by diabetes, that may be probably due to its antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.487-492
• /
• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin B2 deficiency on fuel metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Thirty rats were fed a vitamin B2 deticient diet(-B2) or a control diet (＋B2) for 2 weeks and then subdivided into 3 groups respectively : base group, one day diabetic group and three day diabetic group. Diabetes of the rats were induced by streptozotocin injection into the tail vein. Glucose, glycogen, protein, alanine, triglyceride and free fatty acid were compared in plasma, liver, skeletal muscle of rats. Also, the total urinary nitrogen and glucose excertion were compared. Compared with ＋B2 rats, the increase of plasm glucose in -B2 rats due to the diabetes tended to be smaller. After diabetes were induced, the levels of plasma protein and alanine was significantly decreased and the urinary nitrogen excretion was significantly increased in -B2 rats. The level of plasma free fatty acid was increased continuously in B2 rats while increased at the first day and decreased at the third day diabetes was induced in ＋B2 rats. These results suggest that vitamin B2 deficiency increase protein catabolism due to the decrease of fatty acid oxidation. Thus, vitamin B2 deficiency in diabetes impair the adaptation of animals to the fuel metabolism and aggravate the body protein wasting which is one of the chronic complications of diabetes.