• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.37
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• pp.39.1-39.6
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• 2015

Skull-base osteomyelitis is a rare disease affecting the medulla of the temporal, sphenoid, and occipital bones. In general, it occurs due to external ear canal infections caused by malignant external otitis. Skull-base osteomyelitis usually affects elderly diabetic patients. The patient, a 58-year-old man, was referred for evaluation and management of the left jaw. Clinical examination of the patient revealed pain in the left jaw and mouth-opening deflection to the left. The maximum active mouth opening was measured to about 27 mm. Panoramic, CT, and CBCT revealed bone resorption patterns in the left condyle. Through control of diabetes, continued pharmacological treatment, arthrocentesis, and occlusal stabilization appliance therapy were carried out. The extent of active mouth opening was increased to 45 mm, and pain in the left jaw joint was alleviated. This was a case wherein complications caused by failure to control diabetes induced skull-base osteomyelitis. There is a need for continued discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of arthrocentesis with lavage for patients with skull-base osteomyelitis and other treatment options.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.622-628
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• 2014

The aim of this work is to evaluate the potential of oriental melon (Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa Makino) seeds for the management of type 2 diabetes by controlling glucose absorption. The ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory effects of the hexane extracts from oriental melon seeds were investigated. A bioassay-guided fractionation technique was used to elucidate the principal active components. The results show that the hexane extract from oriental melon seeds exhibited high inhibitory activities against ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and ${\alpha}$-amylase. The hexane extract was further fractionated into four sub-fractions. Among them, the sub-fraction F-1 exhibited the most potent anti-diabetic effect. The active components were isolated and identified by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Free fatty acids showed significant hypoglycemic activity (p < 0.001) and fatty acid composition influenced enzyme inhibitory activities. These results suggest that oriental melon seeds could be used to prevent type 2 diabetes.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.305-310
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to classify the concentration of HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin), which is an indicator in the management of accurate blood glucose level in diabetic patients, using a non-invasive optical property measurement method. To measure the optical properties of HbA1c, the optical source uses LEDs and laser diodes of 400 nm in the visible region and 1450 nm in the nearinfrared region using thermopile to detect the Raman scattering intensity. An HbA1c control solution was used. As a result, the optical properties of 5% (normal) and 9% (abnormal) HbA1c control solutions showed specificity in which the output values were reversed at 850 nm and 950 nm, respectively. This property was applied to distinguish between normal and abnormal values in diabetes. In addition, considering tissue penetration depths for non-invasive measurements, two wavelengths were determined to be effective in distinguishing the concentrations of HbA1c control solutions at 5%, 7%, and 9%.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.10-17
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• 2023

Objectives: Murraya paniculata (family-Rutaceae), popularly known as orange jasmine, is the most important evergreen plant. The Rutaceae family is economically significant due to its diverse edible fruits and essential oils. Methods: Murraya paniculata extracts (MPE) of leaf have been shown to include phenolic compounds, highly oxygenated flavonoids, flavanones, sesquiterpenoids, polymethoxy glycosides, and coumarins. Cyclocitral, methyl salicylate, trans-nerolidol, cubenol, isogermacrene, -cadinol, and cubeb-11-ene are all abundant in MPE. The usages of various parts of this plant, such as bark, leaves and flower, as a remedy for a variety of ailments as widely recorded in the traditional literature. The plant has anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, antibacterial, anti-implantation, anti-oxidative, cytotoxic, anti-diarrheal, antidepressant and anti-anxiety properties and many others. Results: The goal of the review is to reignite interest in this potential plant, encouraging researchers to continue their research in order to uncover novel therapeutic compounds for the treatment and management of a range of infections. The current review provided a comprehensive overview of this traditional unique plant. Conclusion: The review paves a way for exploring its active chemical elements with substantial pharmacological values further for potential benefits of mankind.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.127-136
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• 2013

Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG)-based Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. Methods: This study was designed to compare changes in glycemic control over 12months in SMBG-based DSME group (n=65) versus control group (n=65). Data were obtained from medical records type 2 diabetic patients treated with oral antidiabetic agents and above HbA1c 7.0% from June 2006 to August 2008. All participants completed DSME defined as informational intervention of lifestyle habits and reinforcement of educational Monthly News letter delivered by the diabetes nurse educator. SMBG-based DSME group requested to measure blood glucose 7 times a day for a week and to record their diary and received counseling with a focus on diet and lifestyle during the education. Assessments were conducted baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months. HbA1c was used as an index of glycemic control. Results: 12 months later, the level of HbA1c was reduced by $1.28{\pm}1.68%$ in experimental group and $0.49{\pm}1.05%$ in the control group. We found a significant effect of $Time^*$ Group interaction (p=.013). Conclusion: SMBG-based DSME for patients with type 2 diabetes with oral antidiabetic agents was effective in improving glycemic control and maintaining long-term glycemic control.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.80-86
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• 2001

The purposes of this study were to: a) examine characteristics of foodservice management practices; b) investigate characteristics of recipients; c) analyze foodservice systems; and d) provide feedback for the efficient and effective foodservice management of mental disorder care sites in Korea. A total of 46 sites was analyzed by questionnaire survey. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SPSS package program for descriptive analysis. As results of site recipients' characteristics, 60% of total sites were males and 40% were female recipients. Average 60% of recipients were from 30 to 40 years old. Major diseases of recipients were mental disorder, high pressure, and obesity. According to the result of foodservice system analysis, the average meal cost per day was about 2,921 won and average food cost percentage was 39%. Average number of meals per day was about 600 meals. All sites had on dietitian and 88.3% of sites had one cook as a full-time employees. In the part of procurement, dietitians were major chargers of sites for purchasing foods. Major purchasing method was the order and delivery contract. About a half of sites used cycle menu system and standardized recipies. Most of sites had recipients survey systems for evaluating meal satisfaction. About 60% of sites provided liquid diets to recepients and 22% provided diabetic diets. Dietitians at sites had problems on low meal cost budget, lack of cooking professionals, and lack of information about treatment meals for mental disorders for providing higher quality of foods cure recipients. The results suggested that financial and systematical supports by the government would be very necessary to meet the goal of nutritional balanced meal services.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.125-136
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to analyze the proportion of fundus examination of DM patients for preventing microvascular complication and to examine the factors related to fundus examination in DM patients. Methods: This study used 2005 Korean national health and nutrition survey data. We selected all 1,129 diabetes mellitus patients from the data. And we choose 8 factors related to diabetes mellitus patients. These are sex, age group, type of residential area(rural or urban), education level, income level, comorbidity with hypertension, current insulin use, and duration of suffering from DM. We have analysed these factors by whether he had been examined fundus or no through Chi-square and logistic regression analysis. Results: Female DM patients have tendency to get more fundus examination than Male DM patients. And Young patients, patients who live in urban area, well educated patients, high income patients, comorbidity with hypertension, patients have got the insulin injection, patients have long duration of suffering from DM are to get more fundus examination. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, sex and education level, income level, and duration of suffering from DM, comorbidity with hypertension, patients have got the insulin injection are significant factors on fundus examination for prevent microvascular diabetes mellitus complications. Conclusions and Discussion: We have concluded that physicians and policy makers should consider to fundus examination especially of man and DM patients who have more shorter disease period and low educated patients and low incomed patients and patients who have taken insulin therapy.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.113-117
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• 2000

Objective : Asymptomatic cyst of the pineal gland is a common incidental finding in adults on computerized tomography or magnetic resonance image(MRI) or at postmortem examination. This study was conducted to identify MRI findings of the benign pineal cysts and to determine the proper management of asymptomatic pineal cysts. Methods : From January 1995 to March 1999, 13 cases of asymptomatic pineal cysts were diagnosed incidentally on MRI. The mean age of the patients at diagnosis was 43 years(ranged 8 to 69 years). Five patients were females and eight patients were males. We analyzed the clinical presentations and MRI findings. Results : Clincal features were not related to pineal cysts in all 13 cases included posttraumatic headache in seven cases, headache related to brain tumor in two cases, one of facial palsy, one of diabetic neuropathy, and two of other diseases. MRI demonstrated a well-demarcated mass lesion(mean 1.3cm in diameter) of low signal intensity on T1-weighted images and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI, performed in 10 cases, demonstrated a rim enhancement. Hydrocephalus was not present in all cases. Follow-up MRI(ranged 12 to 36 months) obtained in 3 of the 13 patients showed stability of cyst size. After symptomatic treatment, presenting symptoms were resolved in all patients and symptom related to pineal cysts have not been developed during follow up period(mean 27 months). Conclusion : The long-term behavior of asymptomatic pineal cysts is still unknown. But we advocate conservative management of these benign pineal cysts that may be developmental variants of normal pineal gland.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.703-711
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to understand what are the experiences and management of type 2 diabetes in everyday lives among Korean people. Methods: A grounded theory method was utilized to explore how people with type 2 diabetes to experience and manage their disease under the Korean socio-cultural context. The data were collected via narrative in-depth interviews with 21 people with type 2 diabetes during 2010-2011 and all interviews were transcribed for verbatim analysis. Results: The core category was 'Rearranging everyday lives by accepting diabetes as lifelong annoying companion.' Four stages were identified: ignoring; struggling compromising and conciliating. Each stage illustrates major problems and/or strategies that the participants face in dealing with diabetes. The process illustrates the transference from their ordinary life, in which diabetes or health was ignored, to the health-oriented life, within which diabetes is integrated into their lives. The most difficult barriers they faced in everyday lives include social stigma of diabetes and collectivistic culture in Korea. Within the culture, the group goals are concerned over individual ones, making it harder for the participants to take care of their own health. Conclusion: The findings of the study imply that health care professionals may consider the influence of social stigma in caring diabetic patients. Also, the intervention study is warranted to educate Korean people with diabetes to get aware of the sociocultural context and stigma as well as personal difficulties in self-caring diabetes.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.188-193
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• 2020

Stroke is a major cause of death and disorder, and diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant risk factor of stroke. This study examined the importance of target blood pressure (<140/<90 mmHg) management in patients with DM. Based on the data of the 6th National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a total of 16,389 patients aged 18 to under 80 were assessed through regression analysis to estimate the risk of stroke through blood pressure control. The prevalence of stroke according to the presence or absence of DM was higher in the diabetic group, and a longer duration of DM indicated a higher risk of hypertension and stroke. The hazard ratio of stroke was lower in the maintenance group (0.57) of target blood pressure (<140/<90 mmHg) compared to the high blood pressure group(>140/>90 mmHg). Despite the accompanying treatment for DM and hypertension, the frequency of hypertension increased, and the prevalence of stroke increased after five years of DM. Hence, effective blood pressure management at this time is important. The risk of stroke should be reduced by continuously managing blood pressure in DM.